Note: Literaturverz. S. 203 - 224

Note: COVER -- APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY: Principles and Practice -- COPYRIGHT -- CONTENTS -- PLATES -- FIGURES -- TABLES -- CONTRIBUTORS -- PREFACE -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- 1 INTRODUCTION: THE EMERGENCE OF APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY AND CLIMATE IMPACT ASSESSMENT -- INTRODUCTION: WEATHER, CLIMATE AND EVERYDAY LIFE -- THE DEVELOPMENT OF APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY -- DEFINITIONS, APPLICATIONS AND DEVELOPMENTS -- ATMOSPHERIC CONCERN AND AWARENESS -- CLIMATE IMPACT ASSESSMENT -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- PART 1: APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY: THE 'TOOLS' OF RESEARCH -- 2 GROUND AND REMOTELY SENSED MEASUREMENTS -- INTRODUCTION: DATA REQUIREMENTS AND SOURCES -- A COMPARISON OF OLD AND NEW INSTRUMENTATION -- THE OLD-STYLE INSTRUMENTS -- THE NEW GENERATION OF INSTRUMENTS -- REMOTE SENSING -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 3 STATISTICAL CONSIDERATIONS -- INTRODUCTION: THE VALUE OF STATISTICS -- TIME SERIES ANALYSIS -- SPATIAL ANALYSIS -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 4 CLIMATE MODELS -- INTRODUCTION: MODELLING THE CLIMATE SYSTEM -- GLOBAL CLIMATE MODELS -- CLIMATE IMPACT MODELS -- INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT MODELS -- CLIMATE MODEL EVALUATION -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 5 ATMOSPHERIC RESOURCE MANAGEMENT -- INTRODUCTION: ATMOSPHERIC RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ISSUES -- HISTORY OF ATMOSPHERIC RESOURCE MANAGEMENT -- CURRENT MANAGEMENT APPROACHES TO AIR QUALITY PROBLEMS -- INTEGRATION OF AIR ISSUES -- SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND THE ATMOSPHERE -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- PART 2: CLIMATE AND THE PHYSICAL/BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS -- 6 HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES AND WATER RESOURCES -- INTRODUCTION: CLIMATE AND THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT -- HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES -- IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON HYDROLOGICAL RESPONSE -- IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON WATER RESOURCES -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 7 GLACIERS -- INTRODUCTION: CLIMATE AND GLACIERS -- GLACIER TYPES: PHYSICAL AND THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS. , GLACIERS: CONSTITUENT ZONES AND CLIMATE CONTROLS -- THE CONVERSION OF SNOW TO GLACIER ICE AND THE ROLE OF CLIMATE -- GLACIER MASS BALANCE AND CLIMATE CONTROLS -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 8 GEOMORPHIC PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS -- INTRODUCTION: CLIMATIC GEOMORPHOLOGY -- CLIMATE AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL PROCESSES -- CLIMATE CHANGE AND LANDFORMS -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 9 SOILS -- INTRODUCTION: SOIL CLIMATE -- THE SOIL -- THE SOIL ATMOSPHERE -- SOIL CLIMATE -- CLIMATE AND SOIL GEOGRAPHY -- SOILS AND THE GREENHOUSE GASES -- EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON SOILS -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 10 VEGETATION -- INTRODUCTION: CLIMATE AND VEGETATION -- VEGETATION COMMUNITIES IN THE GEOLOGICAL PAST -- CLIMATE AND VEGETATION TODAY -- CLIMATE AND VEGETATION IN THE FUTURE -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 11 ANIMAL RESPONSES TO CLIMATE -- INTRODUCTION: CLIMATE AND LIFE -- ELEMENTS OF CLIMATE -- BIOCLIMATIC ZONES -- CLIMATIC INSTABILITY -- SOURCES OF ENERGY -- BIOCHEMICAL ACCLIMATIZATION -- ECTOTHERMY AND ENDOTHERMY -- THE ECTOTHERM WAY -- THE ENDOTHERM WAY -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- PART 3: CLIMATE AND THE CULTURAL ENVIRONMENTS -- 12 COMFORT, CLOTHING AND HEALTH -- INTRODUCTION: HUMAN ADAPTABILITY AND MICROCLIMATE MANAGEMENT -- HOMEOTHERMY AND ADAPTATION -- THE HUMAN ENERGY BALANCE -- THERMAL STRESS ESTIMATES -- THE CLOTHING ENVELOPE -- THERMAL COMFORT -- ACCLIMATIZATION -- ATMOSPHERIC IMPACTS ON PERFORMANCE AND BEHAVIOUR -- ATMOSPHERIC IMPACTS ON MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 13 TOWN PLANNING, ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING -- INTRODUCTION: CLIMATE AND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT -- HOT, HUMID CLIMATES -- HOT, ARID CLIMATES -- COLD CLIMATES - POLAR REGIONS -- OTHER CLIMATES -- APPLICATIONS IN URBAN PLANNING -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 14 INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE -- INTRODUCTION: CLIMATE, INDUSTRIAL OUTPUT AND COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES. , LOCATION OF INDUSTRIES -- INDUSTRY OPERATION -- CONSTRUCTION OPERATIONS -- COMMERCE -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 15 TRANSPORT SYSTEMS -- INTRODUCTION: CLIMATE AND TRANSPORT SERVICES -- AIR TRANSPORT -- RAIL TRANSPORT -- ROAD TRANSPORT -- WATER TRANSPORT -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 16 AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES -- INTRODUCTION: NATURE AND RATE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE -- CLIMATIC FACTORS REGULATING CROP AND ANIMAL PRODUCTION -- RESPONSES OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS TO GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES -- CROP PRODUCTION AND CLIMATE CHANGE -- CLIMATE AND ANIMAL PRODUCTION -- FISHERIES AND GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE -- PLANT AND ANIMAL BREEDING -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 17 FORESTRY -- INTRODUCTION: CLIMATE AND FORESTS -- CLIMATE AND SUSTAINABLE FORESTS -- DYNAMICAL PERCEPTIONS -- SPATIOTEMPORAL CHAOS -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 18 RECREATION AND TOURISM -- INTRODUCTION: CLIMATE-LEISURE INTERACTIONS -- WEATHER AND LEISURE PARTICIPATION -- WEATHER AND CLIMATE INFORMATION FOR THE TOURIST INDUSTRY -- CLIMATE CHANGE, TOURISM AND RECREATION -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 19 POLITICAL, SOCIAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF CLIMATE -- INTRODUCTION: CLIMATE AND POLITICAL, SOCIAL AND LEGAL IMPACTS -- POLITICAL CONSIDERATIONS -- SOCIAL ASPECTS -- LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 20 THE ENERGY SECTOR -- INTRODUCTION: CLIMATE AND ENERGY SUPPLY -- WORLD ENERGY SUPPLY -- ENERGY RESOURCES -- TRANSPORTATION OF ENERGY -- ENERGY CONVERSION -- ENERGY DEMAND -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- PART 4: THE CHANGING CLIMATIC ENVIRONMENTS -- 21 URBAN CLIMATES AND GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE -- THE NATURE OF GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE -- THE NATURE OF URBAN CLIMATES -- IMPACTS OF URBAN CLIMATES ON GEC -- IMPACTS OF GEC ON URBAN CLIMATE -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 22 AIR POLLUTION -- INTRODUCTION: DEFINITIONS AND CATEGORIZATION OF AIR POLLUTION -- GLOBAL AIR POLLUTION PROBLEMS. , CONTINENTAL-SCALE POLLUTION PROBLEMS -- URBAN AIR POLLUTION PROBLEMS -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 23 CLIMATIC EXTREMES AS A HAZARD TO HUMANS -- INTRODUCTION: CLIMATIC EXTREMES, HAZARDS AND DISASTERS -- IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC DISASTERS -- REDUCING THE IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC DISASTERS -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 24 CLIMATE CHANGE, HISTORY AND THE FUTURE -- INTRODUCTION: CLIMATE AND HUMAN HISTORICAL PROCESSES -- INTO THE MEDIEVAL OPTIMUM -- INTO THE LITTLE ICE AGE -- POST·1850 CLIMATIC AMELIORATION -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- PART 5: OVERVIEW -- 25 CONCLUSIONS AND SYNTHESIS -- INTRODUCTION: AIMS AND OBJECTIVES REASSESSED -- THE SIGNIFICANCE OF CLIMATE IN THE FUNCTIONING OF THE PHYSICAL, BIOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENTS -- CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE RESPONSES OF THE PHYSICAL, BIOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENTS -- THE MONETARY IMPACT AND VALUE OF CLIMATE CHANGE -- CONCLUDING COMMENTS -- REFERENCES -- INDEX.

Note: Front Cover -- Coastal Risk Management in a Changing Climate -- Copyright -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- List of Contributors -- Chapter 1 - Introduction -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 THESEUS Project -- 1.3 This Book -- References -- Chapter 2 - Developing a Holistic Approach to Assessing and Managing Coastal Flood Risk -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Flood Nomenclature: Vulnerability, Risk, and Resilience -- 2.3 Describing the Coastal Flood System: The Source-Pathway-Receptor-Consequence Model -- 2.4 Assessment of Existing Flood Management -- 2.5 Flood Damage -- 2.6 The Social Context of Flooding at the Coast -- 2.7 Coastal Habitats Within the Flood System -- 2.8 The Physical Context of Flooding at the Coast -- 2.9 Handling Uncertainty -- 2.10 Capturing Future Changes -- 2.11 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3 - Innovative Engineering Solutions and Best Practices to Mitigate Coastal Risk -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Floating Breakwaters and Wave Energy Converters -- 3.3 Innovative Submerged Structures -- 3.4 Overtopping Resistance of Grass-covered Landward Slopes of Dikes -- 3.5 Upgrade of Conventional Rubble Mound Breakwaters and Revetments -- 3.6 Management of Sediment Resources -- 3.7 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4 - Ecological Approaches to Coastal Risk Mitigation -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Management of Sandy Habitats: Sandy Beaches to Sand Dunes -- 4.3 Management of Saltmarsh Habitats -- 4.4 Management of Biogenic Reefs -- 4.5 Management of Seagrass Meadows -- 4.6 Ecological Design Considerations for Hard Structures -- 4.7 Interaction of Multiple Stressors in the Coastal Zone -- 4.8 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5 - Nonstructural Approaches to Coastal Risk Mitigations -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Insurance -- 5.3 Spatial (Land Use) Planning -- 5.4 Business Continuity Planning -- 5.5 Postflood Recovery, Vulnerability, and Resilience. , 5.6 Risk Communications at the Crossroads of Vulnerability Reduction and Resilience Enhancement -- 5.7 Evacuation Plans -- 5.8 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 6 - Toward Sustainable Decision Making -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Efficiency, Equity, and Sustainability of Mitigation Options -- 6.3 Evaluation of Mitigation Options -- 6.4 Legislative Constraints -- 6.5 Decision Making -- 6.6 Decision Support Systems -- 6.7 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 7 - Case Studies Worldwide -- 7.0 - Introduction -- 7.1 - Extreme Estuarine Water Levels and Channel Morphology, Effect on Flood Extents and Habitat Resilience: The Scheldt Es ... -- 7.1.1 Description of the Site -- 7.1.2 The Scheldt Estuary Flood System -- 7.1.3 Application of the SPRC Model -- 7.1.4 Flood Sources and Drivers for the Dendermonde Case -- 7.1.5 Flood Mapping and Impacts -- 7.1.6 How Sediment Dynamics May Alter Conclusions on Flood and Erosion Risks -- 7.1.7 Conclusions and Recommendations for Risk Assessment Studies -- Acknowledgments -- 7.2 - Mitigating Flood and Erosion Risk using Sediment Management for a Tourist City: Varna, Bulgaria -- 7.2.1 Description of the Site -- 7.2.2 Risk Assessment -- 7.2.3 Mitigation Measures -- 7.2.4 Planning the Best Combination of Defense Strategies -- 7.2.5 Overall Conclusions and Recommendations -- Acknowledgments -- 7.3 - Coastal Wetlands in the Yangtze Estuary, China -- 7.3.1 Description of the Site -- 7.3.2 Existing Management -- 7.3.3 Coastal Wetlands in the Yangtze Estuary -- 7.3.4 Present Climate and Environmental Conditions and Future Trends -- 7.3.5 Vulnerability Assessment of the Coastal Wetlands under SLR -- 7.3.6 Mitigation Measures -- 7.3.7 Conclusion -- 7.4 - Managing Risk in a Large Flood System, the Gironde Estuary, France -- 7.4.1 Description of the Site -- 7.4.2 Existing Coastal Policy and Management Strategies. , 7.4.3 Flood System in the Gironde Estuary -- 7.4.4 Flooding in the Estuary -- 7.4.5 Mitigation Measures -- 7.4.6 Strategic Management (in the Short, Mid, and Long Term) -- 7.4.7 Policy Implications and Overall Conclusions and Recommendations -- 7.5 - Flood Hazard Mitigation in a Heavily Modified Estuary, the Elbe Estuary, Germany -- 7.5.1 Description of the Site -- 7.5.2 Physical Characteristics -- 7.5.3 Historical Development of the Estuary -- 7.5.4 The Flood System within the Elbe Estuary -- 7.5.5 Flood Mapping for HafenCity -- 7.5.6 Mitigation Measures -- 7.5.7 Strategic Management -- 7.5.8 Overall Conclusions and Recommendations -- Acknowledgments -- 7.6 - Risk Assessment and Mitigation in a Low-lying Coastal Area: Cesenatico, Northern Italy -- 7.6.1 Characterization of the Site -- 7.6.2 Risk Modeling -- 7.6.3 Identification of Mitigation Options -- 7.6.4 Preliminary Design of Mitigation Options -- 7.6.5 Selection of the Portfolio of Mitigation Measures -- 7.6.6 Impacts of the Portfolio of Mitigation Options -- 7.6.7 Strategic Management and Policy Implications -- 7.7 - Balancing Flood and Erosion Risk with Landscape Sustainability: Cancun, Mexico -- 7.7.1 Description of the Site -- 7.7.2 Characterization of the Flood System -- 7.7.3 Application of the SPRC Model -- 7.7.4 Risk Mitigation Measures -- 7.7.5 Strategic Management -- Acknowledgments -- 7.8 - Flood and Erosion Management on a Dynamic Spit: the Hel Peninsula, Poland -- 7.8.1 Description of the Site -- 7.8.2 The Current Flood System -- 7.8.3 Application of the SPRC Model -- 7.8.4 Meteomarine Climate: Present Conditions and Long-Term Trends -- 7.8.5 Flood Mapping -- 7.8.6 Erosion Scenarios -- 7.8.7 Mitigation Measures -- 7.8.8 Overall Conclusions and Recommendations -- 7.9 - Flooding and Erosion Risk Analysis in Santander Bay, Spain -- 7.9.1 Description of the Site. , 7.9.2 The Coastal System -- 7.9.3 Flood and Erosion Risk Modeling -- 7.9.4 Mitigation Measures -- 7.9.5 Cost and Benefit Analysis for the Mitigation Measures -- 7.9.6 Policy Implications -- 7.9.7 Overall Conclusions and Recommendations -- 7.10 - Teign Estuary, South Devon, UK: Stakeholder-Led Mitigation -- 7.10.1 Description of the Site -- 7.10.2 Settlements -- 7.10.3 Habitats and Ecology -- 7.10.4 Existing Flood Governance and Management -- 7.10.5 Quantifying Flood Risk Under Climate Change -- 7.10.6 Stakeholders and Flood Mitigation -- 7.10.7 Future Mitigation Options for the Teign Estuary -- 7.10.8 Conclusions -- References -- Index.

Note: Cover -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of tables -- List of appendices -- List of plates -- List of figures -- Preface -- Authors' preface -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 1 The Greenshank -- Chapter 2 The Family -- Chapter 3 Greenshank Country -- Chapter 4 Nest Hunting -- Chapter 5 Individual Greenshanks -- Chapter 6 Groups, Populations and Breeding Density -- Chapter 7 Voice -- Chapter 8 Territory and Dispersion -- Chapter 9 Courtship and Displays -- Chapter 10 Nest -- Chapter 11 Egg, Clutch and Laying Season -- Chapter 12 Brooding and Hatching -- Chapter 13 Young -- Chapter 14 Feeding Habitats, Feeding Behaviour and Food -- Chapter 15 Predators -- Chapter 16 The Breeding Habitat of The Greenshank in Scotland -- Chapter 17 Distribution, Numbers and Movements -- Chapter 18 Progress -- Bibliography -- Tables -- Appendix 1 Description of nesting territories -- Appendix 2 Nest sites and nest linings (D. A. Ratcliffe) -- Appendix 3 Egg-laying notes and observations -- Appendix 4 Analysis of unhatched greenshank egg -- Appendix 5 Food (Glutz 1977) -- Appendix 6 Ringing recoveries (R. Spencer, BTO) -- Appendix 7 Ectoparasites -- Appendix 8 Endoparasites (Parasitic Worms) -- Appendix 9 Hut diary for 21 May 1977 -- Appendix 10 Note on the interpretation of the sound spectrograms -- Appendix 11 World breeding and wintering ranges of greenshank T. nebularia and greater yellowlegs T. melanoleuca -- Colour plates -- Plates.

Note: Cover -- Title Page -- Dedication & -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Welcome to Bird Watching in the South -- Creating a Habitat -- Profiles of Backyard Birds of the South -- Sharp-shinned Hawk -- Cooper's Hawk -- Rock Pigeon -- Eurasian Collared-Dove -- Mourning Dove -- Common Ground-Dove -- Eastern Screech-Owl -- Chimney Swift -- Ruby-throated Hummingbird -- Red-headed Woodpecker -- Red-bellied Woodpecker -- Downy Woodpecker -- Hairy Woodpecker -- Northern Flicker -- Pileated Woodpecker -- Eastern Phoebe -- Blue Jay -- American Crow -- Purple Martin -- Tree Swallow -- Barn Swallow -- Carolina Chickadee -- Tufted Titmouse -- White-breasted Nuthatch -- Brown-headed Nuthatch -- Carolina Wren -- House Wren -- Eastern Bluebird -- Wood Thrush -- American Robin -- Gray Catbird -- Northern Mockingbird -- Brown Thrasher -- European Starling -- Cedar Waxwing -- Yellow-rumped Warbler -- Summer Tanager -- Eastern Towhee -- Chipping Sparrow -- Field Sparrow -- Song Sparrow -- White-throated Sparrow -- Dark-eyed Junco -- Northern Cardinal -- Indigo Bunting -- Painted Bunting -- Red-winged Blackbird -- Common Grackle -- Brown-headed Cowbird -- Baltimore Oriole -- Purple Finch -- House Finch -- Pine Siskin -- American Goldfinch -- House Sparrow -- Birding Hotspots for the South -- Resources -- Index -- Meet Bill Thompson III -- Copyright Page.

Note: Cover -- Title -- Dedication -- CONTENTS -- WELCOME TO BIRD WATCHING IN THE NORTHEAST -- CREATING A HABITAT -- PROFILES OF BACKYARD BIRDS OF THE NORTHEAST -- Hawks -- Sharp-shinned Hawk -- Cooper's Hawk -- Pigeons & -- Doves -- Rock Pigeon -- Mourning Dove -- Owls -- Eastern Screech-Owl -- Swifts & -- Hummingbirds -- Chimney Swift -- Ruby-throated Hummingbird -- Woodpeckers -- Red-bellied Woodpecker -- Downy Woodpecker -- Hairy Woodpecker -- Northern Flicker -- Pileated Woodpecker -- Flycatchers -- Eastern Phoebe -- Crows & -- Jays -- Gray Jay -- Blue Jay -- American Crow -- Swallows -- Purple Martin -- Tree Swallow -- Barn Swallow -- Chickadees & -- Titmice -- Black-capped Chickadee -- Tufted Titmouse -- Nuthatches -- White-breasted Nuthatch -- Red-breasted Nuthatch -- Wrens -- Carolina Wren -- House Wren -- Thrushes -- Eastern Bluebird -- Wood Thrush -- American Robin -- Mimids -- Gray Catbird -- Northern Mockingbird -- Starlings -- European Starling -- Waxwings -- Cedar Waxwing -- Warblers -- Yellow-rumped Warbler -- Tanagers -- Scarlet Tanager -- Sparrows -- Eastern Towhee -- Chipping Sparrow -- American Tree Sparrow -- Field Sparrow -- Song Sparrow -- White-throated Sparrow -- Dark-eyed Junco -- Cardinals & -- Buntings -- Northern Cardinal -- Rose-breasted Grosbeak -- Indigo Bunting -- Orioles & -- Blackbirds -- Red-winged Blackbird -- Common Grackle -- Brown-headed Cowbird -- Baltimore Oriole -- Finches -- Purple Finch -- House Finch -- Common Redpoll -- Pine Siskin -- American Goldfinch -- Evening Grosbeak -- Weaver Finches -- House Sparrow -- BIRDING HOTSPOTS FOR THE NORTHEAST -- BIRDS I'VE SPOTTED -- RESOURCES -- INDEX -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- J -- K -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- W -- Y -- MEET BILL THOMPSON III.

Note: Cover -- Strategic environmental assessment -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Abbreviations -- 1. The changing context of environmental impact assessment -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 The current state of environmental impact assessment -- 1.3 The need for strategic environmental assessment -- 1.4 Trends in approaches to environmental issues: links with strategic environmental assessment -- 1.5 Conclusions -- Notes -- 2. Strategic environmental assessment and policy appraisal -- 2.1 Strategic environmental assessment in UK policy-making -- 2.2 Strategic environmental assessment as policy appraisal -- 2.3 The tiered approach to environmental impact assessment -- 2.4 Concepts in policy appraisal -- 2.5 Problems with strategic environmental assessment -- 3. Existing and proposed systems of strategic environmental assessment -- 3.1 United States -- 3.2 European Community -- 3.3 Netherlands -- 3.4 United Kingdom -- 3.5 Other countries -- 3.6 International moves towards the implementation of strategic environmental assessment -- 3.7 Trends in systems of strategic environmental assessment -- Notes -- 4. Coastal zones -- 4.1 The importance of coastal zones -- 4.2 Threats to coastal zones -- 4.3 Policies regarding coastal zones -- 4.4 EIAs of projects affecting coastal zones -- 4.5 The need for strategic environmental assessment -- 5. Energy sector -- 5.1 The importance of the energy sector -- 5.2 National policy -- 5.3 Case studies of the energy sector -- 5.4 EIAs of energy-related projects -- 5.5 The need for strategic environmental assessment -- 6. Lowland heath -- 6.1 The importance of lowland heath -- 6.2 Threats to lowland heath -- 6.3 Policies regarding lowland heath -- 6.4 EIAs of projects affecting lowland heath -- 6.5 Application of SEA -- 7. Strategic environmental assessment and global futures. , 7.1 A sustainability-led approach to strategic environmental assessment -- 7.2 Issues and problems with the sustainability-led approach to strategic environmental assessment -- 7.3 Strategic environmental assessment in the future -- Appendix A. Extracts from EC directive 85/337 -- A.1 Projects requiring EIA -- A.2 Content of EIA -- Appendix B. Critique of the proposed EC directive on SEA, Policy Appraisal and the Environment, and Planning Policy Guidance Note 12 -- B.1 Proposed EC directive on SEA -- B.2 Policy Appraisal and the Environment -- B.3 Planning Policy Guidance Note 12 -- Appendix C. Possible methodologies for strategic environmental assessment -- C.1 Introduction and issues -- C.2 Determining the need for a strategic environmental assessment -- C.3 Establishing a work programme -- C.4 Determining the objectives of the PPP -- C.5 Defining the scope of the strategic environmental assessment -- C.6 Environmental analysis -- C.7 Establishing an environmental database -- C.8 Impact evaluation and synthesis -- C.9 Proposing recommendations and preparing an SEA report -- C.10 Monitoring and feedback -- References -- Index.

Note: Cover -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- 1 WADER BIRDS -- 2 THE WADER WATCHERS -- 3 SPACING AND DISPERSION -- 4 DOWNS, BRECKS AND FARMLANDS -- Stone Curlew -- Oystercatcher -- Lapwing -- 5 MOORS AND HEATHLANDS -- Golden Plover -- Curlew -- Whimbrel -- 6 FLOWS AND PEATLANDS -- Greenshank -- Snipe -- Dunlin -- 7 LOCH, RIVER AND STREAM -- Common Sandpiper -- Red-necked Phalarope -- Redshank -- Ringed Plover -- 8 THE FOREST MARSH -- Temminck's Stint -- Wood Sandpiper -- Green Sandpiper -- 9 THE WOODCOCK -- 10 THE DOTTEREL -- 11 NEW OR RETURNING WADERS -- 12 PIPE-DREAM WADERS -- Selected bibliography -- Tables -- Sonagrams -- Index of birds -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- W -- Y -- General index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Y -- Z.