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  • 11
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    FESOM Arctic Ocean sea ice concentration and thickness 1995-2014, links to movies in mp4 format (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven | Supplement to: Wang, Qiang; Danilov, Sergey; Jung, Thomas; Kaleschke, Lars; Wernecke, Andreas (2016): Sea ice leads in the Arctic Ocean: Model assessment, interannual variability and trends. Geophysical Research Letters, 43(13), 7019-7027, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL068696
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Description: Northern Hemisphere sea ice from a Finite-Element Sea-Ice Ocean Model (FESOM) 4.5 km resolution simulation carried out by researchers from Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI), Germany. Concentration is shown with color; thickness is shown with shading. A global 1 degree mesh is used, with the "Arctic Ocean" locally refined to 4.5 km. South of CAA and Fram Strait the resolution is not refined in this simulation. The animation indicates that the 4.5 km model resolution helps to represent the small scale sea ice features, although much higher resolution is required to fully resolve the ice leads. The animation is created by Michael Böttinger from DKRZ (https://www.dkrz.de).
    Keywords: Arctic; DATE/TIME; File content; File format; File size; pan-Arctic; Uniform resource locator/link to file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 8 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 12
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    Results of a Finite-Element Sea-Ice Ocean Model (FESOM) set-up to study the interannual to decadal variability in the deep-water formation rates (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Scholz, Patrick; Lohmann, Gerrit; Wang, Qiang; Danilov, Sergey (2013): Evaluation of a Finite-Element Sea-Ice Ocean Model (FESOM) set-up to study the interannual to decadal variability in the deep-water formation rates. Ocean Dynamics, 63(4), 347-370, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10236-012-0590-0
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: The characteristics of a global set-up of the Finite-Element Sea-Ice Ocean Model under forcing of the period 1958-2004 are presented. The model set-up is designed to study the variability in the deep-water mass formation areas and was therefore regionally better resolved in the deep-water formation areas in the Labrador Sea, Greenland Sea, Weddell Sea and Ross Sea. The sea-ice model reproduces realistic sea-ice distributions and variabilities in the sea-ice extent of both hemispheres as well as sea-ice transport that compares well with observational data. Based on a comparison between model and ocean weather ship data in the North Atlantic, we observe that the vertical structure is well captured in areas with a high resolution. In our model set-up, we are able to simulate decadal ocean variability including several salinity anomaly events and corresponding fingerprint in the vertical hydrography. The ocean state of the model set-up features pronounced variability in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation as well as the associated mixed layer depth pattern in the North Atlantic deep-water formation areas.
    Keywords: File format; File name; File size; Uniform resource locator/link to file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 32 data points
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  • 13
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    Eddy kinetic energy in the Arctic Ocean from moored velocity observations (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-30
    Description: Mesoscale eddies are important for many aspects of the dynamics of the Arctic Ocean. These include the maintenance of the halocline and the Atlantic Water boundary current through lateral eddy fluxes, shelf-basin exchanges, transport of biological material and sea ice, and the modification of the sea-ice distribution. Here we review what is known about the mesoscale variability and its impacts in the Arctic Ocean in the context of an Arctic Ocean responding rapidly to climate change. In addition, we present the first quantification of eddy kinetic energy (EKE) from moored observations across the entire Arctic Ocean, which we compare to output from an eddy resolving numerical model. We show that EKE is largest in the northern Nordic Seas/Fram Strait and it is also elevated along the shelfbreak of the Arctic Circumpolar Boundary Current, especially in the Beaufort Sea. In the central basins it is 100-1000 times lower. Except for the region affected by southward sea-ice export south of Fram Strait, EKE is stronger when sea-ice concentration is low compared to dense ice cover. Areas where conditions typical in the Atlantic and Pacific prevail will increase. Hence, we conclude that the future Arctic Ocean will feature more energetic mesoscale variability. This table provides (eddy) kinetic energy in the Arctic Ocean calculated from moorings and a numerical model across the entire record and averaged over certain conditions (seasons, ice concentration). The calculations are explained in the manuscript (Eddies and the distribution of eddy kinetic energy in the Arctic Ocean). The used mooring data was compiled from six different sources as listed below and identified in the table based on the Source ID.
    Keywords: 250_MOOR; 293-S1_MOOR; 293-X1_MOOR; 293-X2_MOOR; 293-X3_MOOR; 295-S2_MOOR; A01_MOOR; AK1-1_MOOR; AK2-1_MOOR; AK3-1_MOOR; AK4-1_MOOR; AK5-1_MOOR; AK6-1_MOOR; AK7-1_MOOR; Akademik Tryoshnikov; AM1-91_MOOR; AM2-91_MOOR; AO1-92_MOOR; Arctic Ocean; ARK-XIV/2; ARK-XVIII/1; ARK-XXIX/3; ARK-XXX/1.2; ARK-XXX/2, GN05; ARK-XXXI/4; ATWAIN200_MOOR; AWI_PhyOce; AWI401-1_MOOR; AWI402-1_MOOR; AWI403-1_MOOR; AWI403-2_MOOR; AWI404-1_MOOR; AWI406-1_MOOR; AWI410-2_MOOR; AWI411-2_MOOR; AWI412-4_MOOR; AWI413-4_MOOR; AWI415-1_MOOR; AWI416-1_MOOR; AWI417-1_MOOR; AWI418-1_MOOR; BaffinBay_2_MOOR; BaffinBay_MOOR; BarrowSt_81_MOOR; BarrowSt_C_MOOR; BarrowSt_N_MOOR; BarrowSt_S_MOOR; BarrowSt_SC_MOOR; BarrowSt_Ss_MOOR; BG_a_MOOR; BG_b_MOOR; BG_c_MOOR; BG_d_MOOR; BI3_MOOR; BR1_MOOR; BR2_MOOR; BR3_MOOR; BRA_MOOR; BRB_MOOR; BRG_MOOR; BRK_MOOR; BS2_MOOR; BS3_MOOR; BS4_MOOR; BS5_MOOR; BS6_MOOR; BSO1_MOOR; BSO2_MOOR; BSO3_MOOR; BSO4_MOOR; BSO5_MOOR; C1_MOOR; C2_MOOR; C3_MOOR; C4_MOOR; C5_MOOR; C6_MOOR; CA04_MOOR; CA05_MOOR; CA06_MOOR; CA07_MOOR; CA08_MOOR; CA10_MOOR; CA11_MOOR; CA12_MOOR; CA13_MOOR; CA15_MOOR; CA16_MOOR; CA20_MOOR; CM-1_MOOR; CM-2_MOOR; CS1_MOOR; CS-1A_MOOR; CS2_MOOR; CS-2A_MOOR; CS3_MOOR; CS-3A_MOOR; CS4_MOOR; CS5_MOOR; Depth, bottom/max; Depth, top/min; DEPTH, water; DS_TUBE8_MOOR; Duration; EA1_MOOR; EA2_MOOR; EA3_MOOR; EA4_MOOR; EBC_MOOR; eddies; eddy kinetic energy; Eddy kinetic energy, 2000-2010; Eddy kinetic energy, 2010-2020; Eddy kinetic energy, at depth; Eddy kinetic energy, autumn; Eddy kinetic energy, ice; Eddy kinetic energy, mean; Eddy kinetic energy, model bandpass; Eddy kinetic energy, model online; Eddy kinetic energy, no ice; Eddy kinetic energy, some ice; Eddy kinetic energy, spring; Eddy kinetic energy, summer; Eddy kinetic energy, winter; EGN-1; EGS-1; EGS1-2; EGS2-1; EGS4-1; ELEVATION; F10-1; F1-1; F11_MOOR; F11-2; F12_MOOR; F12-1; F13_MOOR; F13-1; F14_MOOR; F14-1; F15-1; F16-1; F17_MOOR; F2-1; F3-1; F4-1; F5-1; F6-1; F7-1; F8-1; F9-1; FB2b_MOOR; FB6_MOOR; First year of observation; FRAM; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; FRS782_MOOR; FSC1_MOOR; FSC2_MOOR; FSC3_MOOR; FSC4_MOOR; GS-3_2_MOOR; HG-IV-S-1; High-frequency kinetic energy; HSNE60_MOOR; HudsonBay_MOOR; HudsonStrait_MOOR; I1_MOOR; I2_MOOR; I3_MOOR; IdF1-1; IdF2-1; IdF3-1; IdF4-1; ISWRIG_MOOR; Karasik-2015; KS02_MOOR; KS04_MOOR; KS06_MOOR; KS08_MOOR; KS10_MOOR; KS12_MOOR; KS14_MOOR; L97; LA97/2; Lance; Last year of observation; LATITUDE; LM3_MOOR; LONGITUDE; Low-frequency kinetic energy; M11_MOOR; M12_MOOR; M13_MOOR; M14_MOOR; M15_MOOR; M16_MOOR; M3_MOOR; M5_MOOR; M6_MOOR; M9a_MOOR; MA2B_MOOR; MB1B_MOOR; MB2B_MOOR; MB4B_MOOR; Mean kinetic energy; MOOR; Mooring; Mooring (long time); MOORY; N198_2_MOOR; N198_MOOR; N525_MOOR; N541_MOOR; NABOS_2015_AK1-1, NABOS_2018_AK1-1; NABOS_2015_AK2-1, NABOS_2018_AK2-1; NABOS_2015_AK3-1, NABOS_2018_AK3-1; NABOS_2015_AK4-1, NABOS_2018_AK4-1; NABOS_2015_AK5-1, NABOS_2018_AK5-1; NABOS_2015_AK6-1,NABOS_2018_AK6-1; NABOS_2015_AK7-1, NABOS_2018_AK7-1; NABOS, AT2015; NABOS 2015; Nansen-2015; North Greenland Sea; NPEO_MOOR; NWNA_MOOR; NWNB_MOOR; NWNC_MOOR; NWND_MOOR; NWNE_MOOR; NWNF_MOOR; NWNG_MOOR; NWSB_MOOR; NWSD_MOOR; NWSE_2_MOOR; NWSE_MOOR; OLIK-1_MOOR; OSL2a_MOOR; OSL2f_MOOR; Physical Oceanography @ AWI; Polarstern; PS100; PS100/039-2, PS114_25-1,ARKR02-01; PS100/045-1, PS114_29-2; PS100/047-1, PS114_40-2; PS100/053-1, PS114_36-1; PS100/073-1, PS109_20-1; PS100/106-1, PS114_23-2; PS100/142-1, PS109_139-1; PS100/180-2, PS109_111-1; PS100/181-1, PS109_112-1; PS100/182-1, PS109_113-1; PS100/183-1, PS109_114-1; PS109; PS109_133-1, PS114_52-1; PS109_138-2, PS114_53-1; PS109_148-1, PS114_60-2; PS114; PS52; PS62; PS94; PS99/070-1, PS107_3-1; PS99.2; R071_MOOR; R1-1; R2-1; R290_MOOR; R3-1; R333_MOOR; R356_MOOR; R4-1; R5-1; Reference/source; SS-5_MOOR; StA_MOOR; Station label; Stor_MOOR; Total kinetic energy; V-319_MOOR; Velocity, east; Velocity, north; Vilk_MOOR; WBC_MOOR; WG1_MOOR; WG15_MOOR; WG4_MOOR; Wunsch-NN1_MOOR; Wunsch-NN2_MOOR; Y1_MOOR; Y2_MOOR; YP_MOOR
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4806 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Symmetric diblock copolymer thin films confined between homogeneous and patterned surfaces: Simulations and theory (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 112 (2000), S. 9996-10010 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have investigated the ability of a simple phenomenological theory to describe the behavior of symmetric diblock copolymer thin films confined between two hard surfaces. Prior knowledge of the morphology in the confined films is crucial for applying this theory to predict the phase diagram of such systems. Taking advantage of our observations in Monte Carlo simulations, we use the theory to construct phase diagrams for thin films confined between patterned-homogeneous surfaces, and obtain good agreement with our results of simulations. Two conditions are essential for obtaining long-range ordered perpendicular lamellae: a lower stripe-patterned surface with the surface pattern period Ls comparable to the bulk lamellar period L0, and an upper neutral or weakly preferential surface. We have also examined the undulation of perpendicular lamellae between two hard surfaces. For the cases of two homogeneous (preferential) surfaces and patterned-preferential surfaces, our calculations using the phenomenological theory indicate that the amplitudes of the undulation are on the same order of magnitude as observed in our Monte Carlo simulations, and are one order of magnitude larger than previously reported. The theory, however, is unable to capture the shape of the undulation. For the case of patterned-neutral surfaces, we find that an earlier analysis is unable to yield the undulations that would stabilize the perpendicular lamellar morphology. We have addressed this issue and obtained undulations that are consistent with our observations from Monte Carlo simulations. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.481635
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monte Carlo simulations of diblock copolymer thin films confined between two homogeneous surfaces (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 112 (2000), S. 450-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Thin films of symmetric diblock copolymers confined between two hard, flat and homogeneous surfaces have been investigated by means of Monte Carlo simulations on a simple cubic lattice. For such simulations, the match between bulk lamellar period L0 and the simulation box size is crucial to obtain meaningful results. The simulations have been performed in an expanded grand-canonical ensemble, where the chemical potential and the temperature of the confined films are specified and the density is allowed to fluctuate. The dependence of morphology, density, and chain conformation in the confined films on the type of surfaces, surface separation, and the strength of surface-block interactions has been studied systematically. Our results are consistent with experimental findings. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.480639
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spinal cord injury induces expression of RGS7 in microglia/macrophages in rats (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 15 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: RGS proteins regulate G protein-mediated signalling pathways through direct interaction with the Gα subunits and facilitation of GTP hydrolysis. An RGS subfamily consisting of RGS 6, 7, 9, and 11 also interacts with the G protein β subunit Gβ5 via a characteristic Gγ-like domain. Thus far, these complexes were found only in neurons, with RGS7 being the most widely distributed in the brain. Here we confirm the expression of RGS7 in spinal neurons and show as a novel finding that following an experimental spinal cord injury in rats, expression of RGS7 is induced in a subpopulation of other cells. Immunofluorescent confocal microscopy using a series of cell specific antibodies identified these RGS7 positive cells as activated microglia and/or invading peripheral macrophages. To rule out interference from the adjacent neurons and confirm the presence of RGS7-Gβ5 complex in inflammatory cells, we performed immunocytochemistry, RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunoprecipitation using microglial (BV2) and peripheral macrophage (RAW) cell lines. Expression of RGS7 mRNA and protein are nearly undetectable in non-stimulated BV2 and RAW cells, but remarkably increased after stimulation with LPS or TNF-α In addition, RGS7-positive cells were also found in the perinodular rim in the rat spleen. Our findings show that RGS7-Gβ5 complex is expressed in immunocompetent cells such as resident microglia and peripheral macrophages following spinal cord injury. This expression might contribute to the post-traumatic inflammatory responses in the central nervous system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.01916.x
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical resistivity of molten indium–antimony alloys (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 4623-4625 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The resistivity of liquid indium–antimony (In1−xSbx) alloys has been measured as a function of temperature and concentration. On the In-rich side, the resistivity increases linearly with raising temperature and rapidly with addition of Sb concentration. For Sb-rich alloys, clear turning points are found in the temperature coefficient of resistivity; the resistivity behaves smoothly with concentration and shows a peak around x=0.8. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.373113
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RAPID AND EFFICIENT GENERATION OF PCR TEMPLATES FROM ESCHERICHIA COLI, SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE AND ORYZA SATIVA USING A MICROWAVE AND BY BOILING (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of rapid methods and automation in microbiology 13 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4581
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Simple methods for the preparation of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) templates from Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Oryza sativa using a microwave and by boiling are described without the need for any special chemical reagent such as a detergent. The microwave and boiling methods were robust for the preparation of both plasmid and genomic templates of E. coli, as was the boiling approach for S. cerevisiae DNA. The microwave procedure was only suitable for dry yeast colonies with fair efficiency as absence of water (H2O) was critical for a successful PCR. Oryza sativa genomic DNA was amplified with both approaches with satisfactory efficiency. Escherichia coli plasmids can be prepared using a microwave with a yield equivalent to 15–20% of an alkaline lysis mini-prep. PCR templates were also efficiently generated from Pichia pastoris and Ganoderma lucidum by using the boiling method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4581.2005.00003.x
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of satellite imagery to monitoring of sea ice motion in North China Sea
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Advances in Space Research 12 (1992), S. 163-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0273-1177
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0273-1177(92)90212-G
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of okadaic-acid-induced genes by mRNA differential display in glioma cells (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of biomedical science 7 (2000), S. 152-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0127
    Keywords: Apoptosis ; Differential display ; Glioma ; Okadaic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To identify novel genes associated with apoptosis in glioma cells, we treated T98G glioma cells with okadaic acid (OA). Differential display using 15 random primers was performed on RNA extracted from these cells. Upregulated bands were excised from polyacrylamide gels and cloned. Northern blots were used to confirm RNA expression in T98G cells. 18 RNA fragments corresponding to the untranslated region of genes were identified and sequenced. Three unknown gene fragments were used to screen a fetal brain cDNA library resulting in three complete cDNA sequences. The three sequences corresponded to a human gene homologous to the yeast translation initiation factor Sui-1, a cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, ARPP-16/19, and a novel gene designated O48. Transcription of Sui-1 increased in response to all stress factors tested, whereas ARPP only responded to OA. 2-kb and 4-kb O48 RNA species were identified. OA and stress factors increased 2-kb expression while K252a (protein kinase inhibitor) increased 4-kb expression. Differential display is effective for identifying genes associated with apoptosis. Novel genes may be identified by further analysis of the gene fragments identified in this study. The function of O48 is unknown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02256622
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