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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deep convection in the Irminger Sea forced by the Greenland tip jet (2003)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 424 (2003), S. 152-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Open-ocean deep convection, one of the processes by which deep waters of the world's oceans are formed, is restricted to a small number of locations (for example, the Mediterranean and Labrador seas). Recently, the southwest Irminger Sea has been suggested as an additional location for ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01729
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
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    The East Greenland Spill Jet as an important component of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (2014)
    Elsevier
    In:  Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 92 . pp. 75-84.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-10
    Description: Highlights: • Mooring observations show the East Greenland Spill Jet to be ubiquitous. • It is fed by classical DSOW in Denmark Strait, shelf water, and Irminger Sea water. • Its transport is similar to the classical DSOW plume. • It is the origin of a large fraction of the water in the Labrador Sea Water density range. Abstract: The recently discovered East Greenland Spill Jet is a bottom-intensified current on the upper continental slope south of Denmark Strait, transporting intermediate density water equatorward. Until now the Spill Jet has only been observed with limited summertime measurements from ships. Here we present the first year-round mooring observations demonstrating that the current is a ubiquitous feature with a volume transport similar to the well-known plume of Denmark Strait overflow water farther downslope. Using reverse particle tracking in a high-resolution numerical model, we investigate the upstream sources feeding the Spill Jet. Three main pathways are identified: particles flowing directly into the Spill Jet from the Denmark Strait sill; particles progressing southward on the East Greenland shelf that subsequently spill over the shelfbreak into the current; and ambient water from the Irminger Sea that gets entrained into the flow. The two Spill Jet pathways emanating from Denmark Strait are newly resolved, and long-term hydrographic data from the strait verifies that dense water is present far onto the Greenland shelf. Additional measurements near the southern tip of Greenland suggest that the Spill Jet ultimately merges with the deep portion of the shelfbreak current, originally thought to be a lateral circulation associated with the sub-polar gyre. Our study thus reveals a previously unrecognized significant component of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation that needs to be considered to understand fully the ocean׳s role in climate.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: video
    DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2014.06.002
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Significant role of the North Icelandic Jet in the formation of Denmark Strait overflow water (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature Geoscience, 4 (10). pp. 723-727.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-23
    Description: The Denmark Strait overflow water is the largest dense water plume from the Nordic seas to feed the lower limb of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Its primary source is commonly thought to be the East Greenland Current. However, the recent discovery of the North Icelandic Jet—a deep-reaching current that flows along the continental slope of Iceland—has called this view into question. Here we present high-resolution measurements of hydrography and velocity north of Iceland, taken during two shipboard surveys in October 2008 and August 2009. We find that the North Icelandic Jet advects overflow water into the Denmark Strait and constitutes a pathway that is distinct from the East Greenland Current. We estimate that the jet supplies about half of the total overflow transport, and infer that it is the primary source of the densest overflow water. Simulations with an ocean general circulation model suggest that the import of warm, salty water from the North Icelandic Irminger Current and water-mass transformation in the interior Iceland Sea are critical to the formation of the jet. We surmise that the timescale for the renewal of the deepest water in the meridional overturning cell, and its sensitivity to changes in climate, could be different than presently envisaged.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1038/NGEO1234
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Mean Conditions and Seasonality of the West Greenland Boundary Current System near Cape Farewell (2020)
    AMS (American Meteorological Society)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: The structure, transport, and seasonal variability of the West Greenland boundary current system near Cape Farewell are investigated using a high-resolution mooring array deployed from 2014 to 2018. The boundary current system is comprised of three components: the West Greenland Coastal Current, which advects cold and fresh Upper Polar Water (UPW); the West Greenland Current, which transports warm and salty Irminger Water (IW) along the upper slope and UPW at the surface; and the Deep Western Boundary Current, which advects dense overflow waters. Labrador Sea Water (LSW) is prevalent at the seaward side of the array within an offshore recirculation gyre and at the base of the West Greenland Current. The 4-yr mean transport of the full boundary current system is 31.1 ± 7.4 Sv (1 Sv ≡ 106 m3 s-1), with no clear seasonal signal. However, the individual water mass components exhibit seasonal cycles in hydrographic properties and transport. LSW penetrates the boundary current locally, through entrainment/mixing from the adjacent re-circulation gyre, and also enters the current upstream in the Irminger Sea. IW is modified through air–sea interaction during winter along the length of its trajectory around the Irminger Sea, which converts some of the water to LSW. This, together with the seasonal increase in LSW entering the current, results in an anticorrelation in transport between these two water masses. The seasonality in UPW transport can be explained by remote wind forcing and subsequent adjustment via coastal trapped waves. Our results provide the first quantitatively robust observational description of the boundary current in the eastern Labrador Sea.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Seasonality of the Meridional Overturning Circulation in the subpolar North Atlantic (2023)
    Nature Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Subpolar overturning in the North Atlantic Ocean shows substantial seasonality, with a maximum in late spring, a minimum in early winter, and a total range of about 9 Sv, according to observations from the OSNAP array between 2014 and 2020. Understanding the variability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation is essential for better predictions of our changing climate. Here we present an updated time series (August 2014 to June 2020) from the Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Program. The 6-year time series allows us to observe the seasonality of the subpolar overturning and meridional heat and freshwater transports. The overturning peaks in late spring and reaches a minimum in early winter, with a peak-to-trough range of 9.0 Sv. The overturning seasonal timing can be explained by winter transformation and the export of dense water, modulated by a seasonally varying Ekman transport. Furthermore, over 55% of the total meridional freshwater transport variability can be explained by its seasonality, largely owing to overturning dynamics. Our results provide the first observational analysis of seasonality in the subpolar North Atlantic overturning and highlight its important contribution to the total overturning variability observed to date.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Program: A New International Ocean Observing System (2017)
    AMS (American Meteorological Society)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: For decades oceanographers have understood the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) to be primarily driven by changes in the production of deep-water formation in the subpolar and subarctic North Atlantic. Indeed, current Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) projections of an AMOC slowdown in the twenty-first century based on climate models are attributed to the inhibition of deep convection in the North Atlantic. However, observational evidence for this linkage has been elusive: there has been no clear demonstration of AMOC variability in response to changes in deep-water formation. The motivation for understanding this linkage is compelling, since the overturning circulation has been shown to sequester heat and anthropogenic carbon in the deep ocean. Furthermore, AMOC variability is expected to impact this sequestration as well as have consequences for regional and global climates through its effect on the poleward transport of warm water. Motivated by the need for a mechanistic understanding of the AMOC, an international community has assembled an observing system, Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Program (OSNAP), to provide a continuous record of the transbasin fluxes of heat, mass, and freshwater, and to link that record to convective activity and water mass transformation at high latitudes. OSNAP, in conjunction with the Rapid Climate Change–Meridional Overturning Circulation and Heatflux Array (RAPID–MOCHA) at 26°N and other observational elements, will provide a comprehensive measure of the three-dimensional AMOC and an understanding of what drives its variability. The OSNAP observing system was fully deployed in the summer of 2014, and the first OSNAP data products are expected in the fall of 2017.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    Storm-induced upwelling of high pCO2 waters onto the continental shelf of the western Arctic Ocean and implications for carbonate mineral saturation states (2012)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-11
    Description: The carbon system of the western Arctic Ocean is undergoing a rapid transition as sea ice extent and thickness decline. These processes are dynamically forcing the region, with unknown consequences for CO2 fluxes and carbonate mineral saturation states, particularly in the coastal regions where sensitive ecosystems are already under threat from multiple stressors. In October 2011, persistent wind-driven upwelling occurred in open water along the continental shelf of the Beaufort Sea in the western Arctic Ocean. During this time, cold ( 32.4) halocline water—supersaturated with respect to atmospheric CO2 (pCO2 〉 550 μatm) and undersaturated in aragonite (Ωaragonite 〈 1.0) was transported onto the Beaufort shelf. A single 10-day event led to the outgassing of 0.18–0.54 Tg-C and caused aragonite undersaturations throughout the water column over the shelf. If we assume a conservative estimate of four such upwelling events each year, then the annual flux to the atmosphere would be 0.72–2.16 Tg-C, which is approximately the total annual sink of CO2 in the Beaufort Sea from primary production. Although a natural process, these upwelling events have likely been exacerbated in recent years by declining sea ice cover and changing atmospheric conditions in the region, and could have significant impacts on regional carbon budgets. As sea ice retreat continues and storms increase in frequency and intensity, further outgassing events and the expansion of waters that are undersaturated in carbonate minerals over the shelf are probable.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 8
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    Water velocity profiles in the transect Slétta from LADCP from several cruises (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-02
    Description: This dataset contains water velocity profile measurements collected in the Slétta transect north of Iceland, during 9 cruises ranging from 2009 to 2018: RV Bjarni Saemundsson B10/2009, B1/2011, B2/2012, B1/2013, B7/2015, and B11/2017; RV Håkon Mosby HM201618, RV Kristine Bonnevie KB2018614 and Knorr KN203-2 (2011). Velocities were measured using an upward- and downward-facing lowered acoustic Doppler current profiler (LADCP) system mounted on the rosette. The LADCP data were processed using the LADCP Processing Software Package from the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (Thurnherr 2010, 2018). Following the processing, the barotropic tides were removed from the velocity data set by applying an updated version of the regional tidal model of Egbert and Erofeeva (2002), which has a resolution of 1/60°.
    Keywords: B1/2011; B1/2011_52; B1/2011_53; B1/2011_55; B1/2011_56; B1/2011_57; B1/2011_58; B1/2011_59; B1/2013; B1/2013_66; B1/2013_67; B1/2013_68; B1/2013_69; B1/2013_70; B1/2013_71; B1/2013_72; B1/2013_73; B1/2013_74; B10/2009; B10/2009_572; B10/2009_573; B10/2009_574; B10/2009_575; B10/2009_576; B10/2009_577; B10/2009_578; B10/2009_579; B10/2009_580; B10/2009_581; B10/2009_582; B10/2009_583; B10/2009_584; B10/2009_585; B10/2009_586; B11/2017; B11/2017_777; B11/2017_778; B11/2017_779; B11/2017_780; B11/2017_781; B11/2017_782; B11/2017_783; B11/2017_784; B11/2017_785; B2/2012; B2/2012_76; B2/2012_77; B2/2012_78; B2/2012_79; B2/2012_80; B2/2012_81; B2/2012_82; B2/2012_83; B7/2015; B7/2015_453; B7/2015_454; B7/2015_455; B7/2015_456; B7/2015_457; B7/2015_458; B7/2015_459; B7/2015_460; B7/2015_461; Bjarni Saemundsson; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; Current velocity, east-west; Current velocity, north-south; DATE/TIME; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, water; Event label; Håkon Mosby; HM2016618; HM2016618_889; HM2016618_890; HM2016618_891; HM2016618_892; HM2016618_893; HM2016618_894; HM2016618_895; HM2016618_896; HM2016618_897; HM2016618_898; HM2016618_899; HM2016618_900; HM2016618_901; HM2016618_902; HM2016618_903; HM2016618_904; HM2016618_905; HM2016618_906; HM2016618_907; KB2018614; KB2018614_615; KB2018614_617; KB2018614_618; KB2018614_619; KB2018614_620; KB2018614_621; KB2018614_622; KB2018614_623; KB2018614_624; KB2018614_625; KB2018614_626; KB2018614_627; KB2018614_628; KB2018614_629; KB2018614_630; KB2018614_631; KB2018614_632; KN203-2; KN203-2_152; KN203-2_153; KN203-2_154; KN203-2_155; KN203-2_156; KN203-2_157; KN203-2_158; KN203-2_159; KN203-2_160; KN203-2_161; KN203-2_162; KN203-2_163; KN203-2_164; KN203-2_165; KN203-2_166; KN203-2_167; KN203-2_168; KN203-2_169; KN203-2_170; KN203-2_171; KN203-2_172; KN203-2_173; KN203-2_174; Knorr; Kristine Bonnevie; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Lowered Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (LADCP); MULT; Multiple investigations
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 23974 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Water velocity profiles in the transect Langanes-NE from LADCP from several cruises (2019)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-02
    Keywords: B1/2011; B1/2011_60; B1/2011_61; B1/2011_62; B1/2011_63; B1/2011_64; B1/2011_65; B1/2011_66; B1/2011_67; B1/2011_68; B1/2011_70; B1/2011_71; B1/2011_72; B1/2011_74; B1/2013; B1/2013_76; B1/2013_77; B1/2013_78; B1/2013_79; B1/2013_80; B1/2013_81; B1/2013_82; B1/2013_83; B1/2013_84; B1/2013_85; B1/2013_86; B1/2013_87; B10/2009; B10/2009_587; B10/2009_588; B10/2009_589; B10/2009_590; B10/2009_591; B10/2009_592; B10/2009_593; B10/2009_594; B10/2009_595; B10/2009_596; B10/2009_597; B10/2009_598; B10/2009_599; B10/2009_600; B10/2009_601; B10/2009_602; B11/2017; B11/2017_789; B11/2017_790; B11/2017_791; B11/2017_792; B11/2017_793; B11/2017_794; B11/2017_795; B11/2017_796; B11/2017_797; B11/2017_798; B11/2017_799; B11/2017_800; B11/2017_801; B2/2012; B2/2012_84; B2/2012_85; B2/2012_86; B2/2012_87; B2/2012_88; B2/2012_89; B2/2012_90; B2/2012_91; B2/2012_92; B2/2012_93; B2/2012_94; B2/2012_95; B7/2015; B7/2015_427; B7/2015_441; B7/2015_442; B7/2015_443; B7/2015_444; B7/2015_445; B7/2015_446; B7/2015_447; B7/2015_448; B7/2015_449; B7/2015_450; B7/2015_451; B7/2015_452; Bjarni Saemundsson; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; Current velocity, east-west; Current velocity, north-south; DATE/TIME; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, water; Event label; Håkon Mosby; HM2016618; HM2016618_876; HM2016618_877; HM2016618_878; HM2016618_879; HM2016618_880; HM2016618_881; HM2016618_882; HM2016618_883; HM2016618_884; HM2016618_885; HM2016618_886; HM2016618_887; HM2016618_888; KB2018614; KB2018614_597; KB2018614_598; KB2018614_599; KB2018614_600; KB2018614_601; KB2018614_602; KB2018614_604; KB2018614_605; KB2018614_606; KB2018614_607; KB2018614_608; KB2018614_609; KN203-2; KN203-2_175; KN203-2_176; KN203-2_177; KN203-2_178; KN203-2_179; KN203-2_180; KN203-2_181; KN203-2_182; KN203-2_183; KN203-2_184; KN203-2_185; KN203-2_186; KN203-2_187; KN203-2_188; KN203-2_189; KN203-2_190; KN203-2_191; KN203-2_192; KN203-2_193; KN203-2_194; Knorr; Kristine Bonnevie; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Lowered Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (LADCP); MULT; Multiple investigations; North Atlantic
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 34590 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    Water velocity profiles in the transect Kolbeinsey Ridge from LADCP from several cruises (2019)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-02
    Keywords: B7/2015; B7/2015_471; B7/2015_472; B7/2015_473; B7/2015_474; B7/2015_475; B7/2015_476; B7/2015_477; B7/2015_478; B7/2015_479; B7/2015_480; B7/2015_481; B7/2015_482; B7/2015_483; B7/2015_484; B7/2015_485; B7/2015_486; B7/2015_487; B7/2015_488; B7/2015_489; B7/2015_490; B7/2015_491; B7/2015_492; Bjarni Saemundsson; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; Current velocity, east-west; Current velocity, north-south; DATE/TIME; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, water; Event label; KB2018614; KB2018614_633; KB2018614_634; KB2018614_635; KB2018614_636; KB2018614_637; KB2018614_638; KB2018614_639; KB2018614_640; KB2018614_641; KB2018614_642; KB2018614_643; KB2018614_644; KB2018614_645; KB2018614_646; KB2018614_647; KB2018614_648; KB2018614_649; KB2018614_650; KB2018614_651; KB2018614_652; KB2018614_653; KB2018614_654; KN203-2; KN203-2_108; KN203-2_109; KN203-2_110; KN203-2_111; KN203-2_112; KN203-2_113; KN203-2_114; KN203-2_115; KN203-2_116; KN203-2_117; KN203-2_118; KN203-2_119; KN203-2_120; KN203-2_121; KN203-2_122; KN203-2_123; KN203-2_124; KN203-2_125; KN203-2_127; KN203-2_128; KN203-2_129; KN203-2_130; KN203-2_131; KN203-2_132; KN203-2_133; KN203-2_134; KN203-2_135; KN203-2_143; KN203-2_144; KN203-2_145; KN203-2_146; KN203-2_147; KN203-2_148; KN203-2_149; KN203-2_150; KN203-2_151; Knorr; Kristine Bonnevie; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Lowered Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (LADCP)
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 19650 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
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