Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Organization -- Table of Contents -- Author Index.

Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Part I Bioinformatics -- 1 Intelligent Learning and Verification of Biological Networks -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Statistical Learning of Regulatory Networks -- 1.2.1 INSPECT Change-Points Identification -- 1.2.2 Network Structure Learning and Searching -- 1.2.3 Regulatory Relationship Identification -- 1.3 Formal Analysis of Regulatory Networks -- 1.3.1 Temporal Logic Formula -- 1.3.2 Symbolic Model Checking -- 1.3.3 Time-Bounded Linear Temporal Logic (BLTL) -- 1.3.4 Probabilistic Model Checker PRISM -- 1.4 Integrative Data Analysis -- 1.5 Discussions -- References -- 2 Differential Expression Analysis of RNA-Seq Data and Co-expression Networks -- 2.1 Systems Biology -- 2.2 High Throughput Sequencing -- 2.3 RNA-seq Analysis -- 2.4 Formulating a Sequencing Library -- 2.5 Biological and Technical Variations -- 2.6 Assessment of Variations -- 2.6.1 Poisson's Distribution -- 2.6.2 Negative Binomial Distribution -- 2.7 Method for Differential Expression Analysis -- 2.8 Generalized Linear Model (GLM) -- 2.9 Hypothesis Test -- 2.10 Normalization of Data -- 2.11 Trimmed Mean of M-values (TMM) -- 2.12 Relative Log Expression (RLE) -- 2.13 Upper-Quartile Normalization -- 2.14 Principal Component Analysis -- 2.14.1 Steps of PCA Analysis -- 2.15 Data Analysis of Gene Expression Profiles -- 2.16 An Illustration: A Differential Gene Expression Analysis Conducted on a Real Dataset -- 2.17 R Packages Used in the RNA-Seq Analysis -- 2.18 Removal of Lowly Transcribed Genes -- 2.19 Formation of DGEList Object Using EdgeR -- 2.20 Density Distributions -- 2.21 Normalization -- 2.22 Principal Component Analysis -- 2.23 Design Matrix -- 2.24 NB and QL Dispersion Evaluation -- 2.25 Annotating Genes -- 2.26 Gene Testing -- 2.27 GO Analysis -- 2.28 ROAST Analysis -- 2.29 CAMERA Test -- 2.30 Visualizing Gene Tests. , 2.31 Graph Theory Terminologies -- 2.32 Gene Regulatory Network (GRN) -- 2.33 Inference of Gene Regulatory Networks -- 2.34 Gene Regulatory Network Modelling -- 2.35 Correlation and Partial Correlation-based Methods -- 2.36 Co-expression Networks -- 2.37 Pre-processing of Data -- 2.38 Construction of Covariance Matrix -- 2.39 Measure of Similarity -- 2.40 Network Construction -- 2.41 Module Detection -- 2.42 Module Enrichment -- 2.43 WGCNA Package in R -- 2.44 Co-expression Network Analysis with Real Dataset -- 2.45 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 3 Learning Biomedical Networks: Toward Data-Informed Clinical Decision and Therapy -- 3.1 Biological Data and the Rise of Targeted Therapies -- 3.2 Network Analysis in Biomedical Informatics -- 3.2.1 Differential Network Analysis -- 3.2.2 Network-Based Regularization -- 3.2.3 Causal Discovery and Inference -- 3.3 Software and Biomedical Applications -- 3.4 Conclusions and Future Work -- References -- 4 Simultaneous Clustering of Multiple Gene Expression Datasets for Pattern Discovery -- 4.1 Simultaneous Clustering Methods -- 4.1.1 Cluster of Clusters (COCA) -- 4.1.2 Bi-CoPaM -- 4.1.3 UNCLES and M-N Scatter Plots -- 4.1.4 Clust -- 4.1.5 Deep Learning Approaches -- 4.2 Case Study 1: A Novel Subset of Genes with Expression Consistently Oppositely Correlated with Ribosome Biogenesis in Forty Yeast Datasets -- 4.2.1 Data and Approach -- 4.2.2 Results and Discussion -- 4.2.3 Summary and Conclusions -- 4.3 Case Study 2: A Transcriptomic Signature Derived from a Study of Sixteen Breast Cancer Cell-Line Datasets Predicts Poor Prognosis -- 4.3.1 Data and Approach -- 4.3.2 Results and Discussion -- 4.3.3 Summary and Conclusions -- 4.4 Case Study 3: Cross-Species Application of Clust Reveals Clusters with Contrasting Profiles Under Thermal Stress in Two Rotifer Animal Species -- 4.5 Summary and Conclusions. , References -- 5 Artificial Intelligence for Drug Development -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Methodologies in Pre-clinical and Clinical Trials -- 5.3 Post-Market Trials -- 5.4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 6 Mathematical Bases for 2D Insect Trap Counts Modelling -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Mean Field and Mechanistic Models of Insect Movement with Trapping -- 6.2.1 Isotropic Diffusion Model and Computing Trap Counts -- 6.2.2 Individual Based Modelling Using Random Walks -- 6.2.3 Simple Random Walk (SRW) -- 6.2.4 Simulating Trapping -- 6.2.5 Equivalent Trap Counts -- 6.3 Geometrical Considerations for Trap Counts Modelling -- 6.3.1 Simulation Artefacts Due to the RW Jump Process -- 6.3.2 Impact of the Arena Boundary Shape, Size and the Average Release Distance -- 6.3.3 Impact of Trap Shape -- 6.4 Anisotropic Models of Insect Movement -- 6.4.1 Correlated Random Walk (CRW) -- 6.4.2 MSD Formula for the CRW -- 6.4.3 Measuring Tortuosity -- 6.4.4 Biased Random Walk (BRW) -- 6.4.5 MSD Formula for the BRW -- 6.4.6 Equivalent RWs in Terms of Diffusion -- 6.4.7 Drift Diffusion Equation -- 6.4.8 Biased and Correlated Random Walk (BCRW) -- 6.5 Effect of Movement on Trap Counts -- 6.5.1 Effect of Movement Diffusion -- 6.5.2 Baited Trapping -- 6.6 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Part II Medical Image Analysis -- 7 Artificial Intelligence in Dermatology: A Case Study for Facial Skin Diseases -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 State of the Art -- 7.3 Study Case -- 7.3.1 Considered Skin Diseases -- 7.3.2 Machine-Learning/Deep-Learning Approaches -- 7.3.3 Preliminary Results -- 7.4 Developed Software -- 7.4.1 Patient Actions -- 7.4.2 Doctor Actions -- 7.5 Conclusion -- References -- 8 Medical Imaging Based Diagnosis Through Machine Learning and Data Analysis -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Classification -- 8.2.1 Classifiers -- 8.2.2 Example 1: Similarity Metric. , 8.2.3 Example 2: Similarity Learning -- 8.3 Dense Prediction -- 8.3.1 Segmentation -- 8.3.2 Synthesis -- 8.4 Multi-modality Analysis -- 8.4.1 Example: A Non-deep-Learning Based Approach for Multi-modal Feature Selection -- 8.4.2 Example: A Deep Learning Based Approach for Multi-modality Fusion -- 8.5 Conclusion -- References -- 9 EfficientNet-Based Convolutional Neural Networks for Tuberculosis Classification -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Related Work -- 9.3 Methodology -- 9.4 Description of Dataset -- 9.5 Results and Discussions -- 9.5.1 Feature Visualization of pretrained models for TB classification -- 9.6 Conclusions -- References -- 10 AI in the Detection and Analysis of Colorectal Lesions Using Colonoscopy -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.1.1 Colorectum and Colorectal Cancer -- 10.1.2 Colorectal Cancer Stages -- 10.1.3 Colonoscopy and Colorectal Polyps -- 10.1.4 Application of AI in Colonoscopy -- 10.2 Computer-Aided Detection in Colorectal Polyps -- 10.2.1 Why Computer-Aided Detection -- 10.2.2 Early Computer-Aided Detection Algorithm -- 10.2.3 Recent Computer-Aided Detection Algorithms -- 10.3 Computer-Aided Classification in Colorectal Polyps -- 10.3.1 Why Computer-Aided Classification -- 10.3.2 Early Computer-Aided Analysis (CADx) -- 10.3.3 Recent Progress of CADx -- 10.3.4 Limitations of CADx -- 10.4 Conclusion -- References -- 11 Deep Learning-Driven Models for Endoscopic Image Analysis -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Deep Learning Architectures -- 11.2.1 Convolutional Neural Networks for Image Classification -- 11.2.2 Region-Level CNNs for Lesion Detection -- 11.2.3 Fully Convolutional Neural Networks for Segmentation -- 11.3 Case Study I: Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Recognition in WCE Images -- 11.3.1 Background of the Application -- 11.3.2 Improved Learning Strategy -- 11.3.3 Dataset -- 11.3.4 Evaluation Metrics -- 11.3.5 Experimental Results. , 11.4 Case Study II: Colorectal Polyp Recognition in Colonoscopy Images -- 11.4.1 Background of the Application -- 11.4.2 Improved Learning Strategy -- 11.4.3 Dataset -- 11.4.4 Evaluation Metrics -- 11.4.5 Experimental Results -- 11.5 Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- References -- Part III Physiology -- 12 A Dynamic Evaluation Mechanism of Human Upper Limb Muscle Forces -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Related Work -- 12.3 Materials and Methods -- 12.3.1 Data Collection and Preprocessing -- 12.3.2 Joint Angle Estimation -- 12.3.3 OpenSim Simulation -- 12.3.4 Muscle Activation Dynamics -- 12.4 Results -- 12.5 Discussion -- 12.6 Conclusions -- References -- 13 Resting-State EEG Sex Classification Using Selected Brain Connectivity Representation -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Related Work -- 13.3 Data and Methods -- 13.3.1 Dataset Description -- 13.3.2 Preprocessing -- 13.3.3 Signal Representation -- 13.3.4 Feature Analysis -- 13.3.5 Classification -- 13.4 Results -- 13.4.1 Feature Selection -- 13.4.2 Validation Results -- 13.4.3 Test Results -- 13.5 Conclusions -- References -- Part IV Innovation in Medicine and Health -- 14 Augmented Medicine: Changing Clinical Practice with Artificial Intelligence -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Implementation of Augmented Medicine in Clinical Practice: An Overview -- 14.2.1 Monitoring with Wearable Technology -- 14.2.2 AI for Diagnosis -- 14.2.3 Machine Learning for Prediction -- 14.3 Conclusions -- References -- 15 Environmental Assessment Based on Health Information Using Artificial Intelligence -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Environmental Parameters and Health -- 15.2.1 Air Pollution -- 15.2.2 Weather-Related Parameters -- 15.2.3 Illumination -- 15.2.4 Implications for Health-Related BACS -- 15.3 System Concept for Health based Environmental Assessment -- 15.3.1 System Components and Their Interactions. , 15.3.2 Data Interpretation for Medical Staff.

Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 A Sketch of Ancient Western Astronomy -- 1.1 Historical Development of Western Astronomy -- 1.1.1 Egyptian Civilization -- 1.1.2 Mesopotamian Civilization -- 1.1.3 Aegean Civilization -- 1.1.3.1 Minoan and Mycenaean Civilization -- 1.1.3.2 Dark Age -- 1.1.3.3 Classical Age -- 1.1.3.4 Ionia School -- 1.1.3.5 Pythagoras School -- 1.1.3.6 Plato School -- 1.1.3.7 Hellenistic Age -- 1.2 Astronomical Cycles and Calendars -- 1.2.1 Egyptian Calendar -- 1.2.2 Metonic Cycle -- 1.2.3 Callippic Cycle -- 1.2.4 Saros Cycle -- 1.2.5 Exeligmos Cycle -- 1.3 Ancient Astronomical Theories -- 1.3.1 Solar Theory -- 1.3.2 Lunar Theory -- 1.3.3 Planetary Theory -- 1.4 Remarks -- References -- 2 Ancient Astronomical Instruments -- 2.1 Classifications Based on Functions -- 2.1.1 Observation Application -- 2.1.2 Measuring Position and Distance Application -- 2.1.3 Measuring Time Application -- 2.1.4 Computing Application -- 2.1.5 Demonstration Application -- 2.2 Jacob's Staff -- 2.3 Astrolabe -- 2.4 Sundial -- 2.5 Calendrical Device -- 2.5.1 Astrolabe with Calendrical Gearing -- 2.5.2 Sundial with Calendrical Gearing -- 2.6 Planetarium, Astrarium, and Astronomical Clock -- 2.7 Orrery -- 2.8 Comparisons of Astronomical Instruments -- 2.9 Remarks -- References -- 3 Amazing Discovery of Archaeology -- 3.1 Origination and Process of the Discovery -- 3.1.1 Historical Background of Salvage -- 3.1.2 Story of the Antikythera Finding -- 3.2 Introduction of the Excavations -- 3.3 Known Antikythera Astronomical Device -- 3.3.1 Front Plate -- 3.3.2 Back Plate -- 3.3.3 Display Pointers -- 3.3.3.1 Axial Rotation -- 3.3.3.2 Radial Rotation -- 3.3.3.3 Axial Rotation and Radial Sliding -- 3.3.4 Interior Structure of Mechanisms -- 3.4 Relative Historical Background and Records -- 3.5 Remarks -- References -- 4 Modern Reconstruction Research. , 4.1 Early Mentions -- 4.2 Reconstruction Work by Price -- 4.3 Reconstruction Work by Edmund and Morgan -- 4.4 Reconstruction Work by Wright -- 4.5 Reconstruction Work by Freeth et al. -- 4.6 Others' Research After AD 2000 -- References -- 5 Reconstruction Design Methodology -- 5.1 Reconstruction Research -- 5.2 Reconstruction Design Methodology -- 5.2.1 Design Specifications -- 5.2.2 Generalized Chains -- 5.2.3 Specialized Chains -- 5.2.4 Reconstruction Designs -- 5.3 Historical Archives of Antikythera Device -- 5.3.1 Detected Evidence -- 5.3.2 Decoded Information -- 5.3.3 Ancient Astronomy -- 5.3.4 Ancient Astronomical Instruments -- 5.3.5 Modern Kinematic and Mechanism Analyses -- 5.4 Reconstruction Research by Yan and Lin -- 5.4.1 Concepts of Mechanical Designs -- 5.4.1.1 Mechanical Members -- Link or Kinematic Link (KL) -- Gear (KG) -- 5.4.1.2 Joints -- Revolute Joint (JR) -- Pin-in-Slot Joint (JA) -- Gear Joint () -- 5.4.1.3 Degrees of Freedom -- 5.4.1.4 Topological Structure -- 5.4.2 Date Subsystem -- 5.4.3 Eclipse Prediction Subsystem -- 5.4.4 Calendrical Subsystem -- 5.4.5 Lunar Subsystem -- 5.4.6 Solar Subsystem -- 5.4.7 Planetary Subsystem -- 5.4.8 Summary -- 5.5 Comparisons Among Different Reconstruction Researches -- 5.5.1 Comparison with Price's Design -- 5.5.2 Comparison with Edmund and Morgan's Design -- 5.5.3 Comparison with Wright's Design -- 5.5.4 Comparison with the Design of Freeth et al. -- 5.6 Remarks -- References -- 6 Reconstruction Designs of the Calendrical Subsystem -- 6.1 Historical Archives of the Calendrical Subsystem -- 6.2 Design Process of the Calendrical Subsystem -- 6.2.1 Design Specifications -- 6.2.2 Generalized Chains -- 6.2.3 Specialized Chains -- 6.2.3.1 Ground Link (Member 1) -- 6.2.3.2 Callippic Cycle Link (Member 5) -- 6.2.3.3 Olympiad Cycle Link (Member 4) -- 6.2.3.4 Input Link (Member 2). , 6.2.3.5 Metonic Cycle Link (Member 3) -- 6.2.3.6 Transmission Link (Link 6) -- 6.2.4 Reconstruction Designs -- 6.2.4.1 Tooth Calculation of the Feasible Designs -- Feasible Reconstruction Design of Fig. a -- Feasible Reconstruction Design of Fig. b -- 6.3 Remarks -- References -- 7 Reconstruction Designs of the Lunar Subsystem -- 7.1 Historical Archives of the Lunar Subsystem -- 7.1.1 Kinematic Analysis of the Lunar Theory -- 7.1.2 Kinematic Analysis of Epicyclic Gear Trains -- 7.2 Design Process of the Lunar Subsystem -- 7.2.1 Design Specifications -- 7.2.2 Generalized Chains -- 7.2.3 Specialized Chains -- 7.2.3.1 Pin-in-Slot Device (Members 3, 5, and 6, and Joint JA) -- 7.2.3.2 Anomalistic Link (Member 4) -- 7.2.3.3 Ground Link (Member 1) -- 7.2.3.4 Sidereal Link and Output Link (Members 2 and 7) -- 7.2.3.5 Revolute Joints (Joints JR) -- 7.2.3.6 Gear Joints (JG) -- 7.2.4 Reconstruction Designs -- 7.3 Remarks -- References -- 8 Reconstruction Designs of the Solar Subsystem -- 8.1 Historical Archives of the Solar Subsystem -- 8.1.1 Possible Arrangements of the Driving Power -- 8.1.2 Kinematic Analysis of the Solar Theory -- 8.1.3 Eccentric System of the Solar Motion -- 8.1.4 Epicyclic System of the Solar Motion -- 8.1.4.1 Four-Bar Mechanism with 5 Joints -- 8.1.4.2 Five-Bar Mechanism with 7 Joints -- 8.2 Design Process of the Solar Subsystem -- 8.2.1 Type 1 Design of the Solar Subsystem -- 8.2.2 Type 2 Design of the Solar Subsystem -- 8.2.3 Type 3 Design of the Solar Subsystem -- 8.2.3.1 Ground Link (Member 1) -- 8.2.3.2 Input Link (Member 2) -- 8.2.3.3 Output Link (Member 3) -- 8.2.3.4 Transmission Links (Members 4 and 5) -- 8.2.3.5 Pin-in-Slot Joint (Joint JA) -- 8.2.3.6 Revolute Joints (Joint JR) -- 8.2.3.7 Gear Joints (Joint JG) -- 8.3 Remarks -- References -- 9 Reconstruction Designs of the Planetary Subsystem. , 9.1 Historical Archives of the Planetary Subsystem -- 9.1.1 Type 1 Design: Mechanism with One Gear Joint -- 9.1.2 Type 2 Design: Mechanism with Two Gear Joints -- 9.1.2.1 All Planet Gears Are Adjacent to Each Other by a Gear Joint -- 9.1.2.2 Two Planet Gears Are Adjacent to Each Other by a Pin-in-Slot Joint -- 9.2 Design Process of the Planetary Subsystem -- 9.2.1 Type 1 Design of the Planetary Subsystem -- 9.2.2 Type 2 Design of the Planetary Subsystem -- 9.2.2.1 Ground Link (Member 1) -- 9.2.2.2 Output Link (Member 3) -- 9.2.2.3 Input Link (Member 2) -- 9.2.2.4 Transmission Links (Members 4 and 5) -- 9.2.2.5 Pin-in-Slot Joint (Joint JA) -- 9.2.2.6 Gear Joints (Joint JG) -- 9.2.2.7 Revolute Joints (Joint JR) -- 9.3 Remarks -- References -- 10 Reconstruction Designs of the Moon Phase Display Device -- 10.1 Historical Archives of the Moon Phase Display Device -- 10.1.1 Related Evidence and Available Designs -- 10.1.2 Possible Driving Power Arrangements -- 10.1.3 Possible Design Types -- 10.2 Design Process of the Moon Phase Display Device -- 10.2.1 Example 1: Ordinary Gear Trains -- 10.2.2 Example 2: Epicyclic Gear Trains with 1-DOF -- 10.2.3 Example 3: Epicyclic Gear Trains with 2-DOF -- References -- 11 Assembly Work and Models -- 11.1 Complete Interior Mechanisms -- 11.1.1 Assembly Constraints of the Lost Mechanisms -- 11.1.1.1 Driving Power of Lost Mechanisms -- 11.1.1.2 Gear Sizes -- 11.1.1.3 Types of Planets -- 11.1.1.4 Epicyclic System of Superior Planets -- 11.1.2 Assembly Work -- 11.2 3D Reconstruction Model -- 11.2.1 Tooth Calculation -- 11.2.1.1 Calendrical Subsystem -- 11.2.1.2 Solar Subsystem -- 11.2.1.3 Planetary Subsystem -- 11.2.2 Detail Designs of Gears -- 11.2.3 Space Arrangement -- 11.2.4 Simulation Model -- References -- Appendix A All 48 Feasible Designs of CompleteInterior Mechanisms -- Appendix B Detailed Design of Model 9. , Index.