Note: Intro -- Modelling of Flow and Transport in Fractal Porous Media -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- About the editors -- Preface -- Chapter 1: A brief introduction to flow and transport in fractal porous media -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Fractal structural characteristics of porous media -- 3. Transport model based on fractal geometry and other theories -- 4. Modelling of transport characteristics and its application -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 2: Fractal structural parameters from images: Fractal dimension, lacunarity, and succolarity -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Definition and physical meaning -- 3. Calculated method -- 4. Applications in fractal porous media -- 4.1. Characterization of complexity, heterogeneity, and anisotropy -- 4.2. Fractal model of reservoir permeability -- 4.3. Fracture distribution characterization -- 4.4. Permeability prediction -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 3: Tortuosity in two-dimensional and three-dimensional fractal porous media: A numerical analysis -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The relation between tortuosity and fractal dimensions -- 3. Theoretical calculation of tortuosity and its fractal dimension -- 4. Numerical simulation for tortuosity -- 5. Comparing the calculated results for tortuosity -- 6. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 4: Fractal characteristics of pore structure and its impact on adsorption and flow behaviors in shale -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Pore structure in shale characterized by various methods -- 2.1. SEM -- 2.2. Nano-CT -- 2.3. MICP -- 2.4. CO2GA and N2GA -- 2.5. NMR -- 3. Influences of CO2-water-shale interactions on the pore structure of shale -- 3.1. Experimental section -- 3.2. SEM analysis -- 3.3. N2GA analysis -- 3.3.1. Adsorption-desorption isotherms and pore size distribution (PSD). , 3.3.2. Pore structure parameter analysis from N2GA -- 3.3.3. Fractal dimension characteristics of pore structure from N2GA -- 3.4. NMR analysis -- 3.4.1. The transverse relaxation time (T2) curve -- 3.4.2. Pore structure parameter analysis from NMR -- 3.4.3. Fractal dimension characteristics of NMR -- 3.5. Combination of N2GA and NMR analysis -- 4. Relationship between fractal dimension and shale pore structure parameters, adsorption, and seepage capacity -- 4.1. Relationships between fractal dimension and pore structure parameters of shale -- 4.2. Relationships between fractal dimension and adsorption capacity of shale -- 4.3. Relationships between fractal dimension and gas flow in shale -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 5: Modelling flow and transport in variably saturated porous media: Applications from percolation theory and effe ... -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Combining universal scaling laws from percolation theory and the effective-medium approximation -- 3. Diffusion -- 4. Electrical conductivity -- 5. Permeability -- 5.1. Single-phase permeability -- 5.1.1. Critical path analysis -- 5.1.2. Effective-medium approximation -- 5.2. Water relative permeability -- 5.2.1. CPA combined with power-law pore-throat size distribution -- 5.2.2. CPA combined with log-normal pore-throat size distribution -- 5.2.3. EMA combined with power-law pore-throat size distribution -- 6. Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 6: Fractal analysis on conductive heat transfer in porous media -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Exactly self-similar fractal model -- 3. Statistically self-similar fractal model -- 4. Statistically self-similar fractal model with the effect of rough surfaces -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 7: Transport property and application of tree-shaped network -- 1. Introduction and background. , 2. Application of tree-shaped network -- 3. Optimization principle for tree-shaped network -- 3.1. The origin of Murray's law -- 3.2. Optimization of tree-shaped structure -- 3.3. Fractal tree-shaped network -- 4. Fluid flow in tree-shaped network -- 4.1. Single-phase flow -- 4.2. Flow in porous media -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 8: Fractal characterization of fracture networks and production prediction for multiple fractured horizontal well ... -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Fractal fracture property distribution -- 2.1. Fractal dimensions of induced fractures -- 2.2. Fractal fracture porosity, permeability, and compressibility distribution -- 2.3. Results and discussion -- 3. DMFDE construction -- 3.1. Diffusivity equations of dual-media systems -- 3.2. Model validation and application -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 9: Application of fractal theory in transient pressure properties of hydrocarbon reservoir -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Fractal well testing model for a vertical well in a homogeneous oil and gas reservoir -- 2.1. Physical model description -- 2.2. Mathematical model and its solution -- 2.3. Pressure response analysis -- 3. Fractal nonlinear seepage flow model for deformable dual media reservoir -- 3.1. Background -- 3.2. Problems statement -- 3.2.1. Physical model -- 3.2.2. Mathematical model -- 3.3. Solution analysis -- 3.3.1. Solution to mathematical model -- 3.3.2. Flow behavior characteristics -- 3.4. Application to pressure analysis -- 4. Transient pressure fractal analysis of a vertical well in a composite reservoir -- 4.1. Physical model -- 4.2. Mathematical model -- 4.3. Solution to the model -- 4.4. Results analysis -- 5. Fractal theory in shale gas reservoir -- 5.1. Background -- 5.2. Fractal model for shale -- 5.3. Multilayer fractal adsorption model. , 5.4. Experimental results and discussion -- 6. Conclusions -- References -- Index.

Note: Intro -- Author biography -- Wei Wei -- Chapter LiDAR's role in autonomous driving -- 1.1 Autonomous driving -- 1.2 LiDAR in autonomous driving -- References -- Chapter Fundamentals of ToF LiDAR -- 2.1 Principle of ToF ranging -- 2.2 LiDAR structure -- 2.3 AMCW LiDAR -- 2.4 FMCW LiDAR -- References -- Chapter Laser source and transmitter -- 3.1 Fundamentals of semiconductor lasers -- 3.2 CW and pulsed lasers -- 3.3 Edge emitting and surface-emitting diode lasers -- 3.4 Driver circuit of laser diode -- References -- Chapter Photodiode and receiver -- 4.1 Fundamentals of photodiodes -- 4.2 PIN -- 4.3 APD and SPAD -- 4.4 TIA -- 4.5 Timing discriminator -- 4.6 TDC and timing -- References -- Chapter Scanner -- 5.1 Scanner specifications -- 5.2 Optical configuration -- 5.3 Scanning schemes -- 5.4 Mechanical rotating -- 5.5 Mirror rotating -- 5.6 MEMS micromirror -- 5.7 Galvanometer mirror -- 5.8 Risley prism -- 5.9 Wavelength tuning -- 5.10 Optical phased array -- 5.11 Flash LiDAR -- References -- Chapter Automotive LiDAR players -- 6.1 Global players -- 6.2 USA -- 6.3 Canada -- 6.4 Europe -- 6.5 Israel -- 6.6 China -- 6.7 South Korea -- 6.8 Japan -- 6.9 Australia -- 6.10 List of LiDAR for mass production -- Further reading.

Note: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Scope -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Part I: Particulate Charging Phenomena in Multiphase Flows -- Chapter 1: Electrification of Particulate in Multiphase Flows -- 1.1 Electrification of Particulate in Industrial Processes -- 1.1.1 Electrification in Petroleum Industry -- 1.1.2 Electrification in Shipping Industry -- 1.1.3 Electrification in Powder Industry -- 1.1.4 Electrostatic Precipitation Technology -- 1.1.5 Electrostatic Spraying Technology -- 1.1.6 Electrostatic Separation Technology -- 1.2 Electrification of Particulate in Natural Phenomenon -- 1.2.1 Electrification in Wind-Blown Sand -- 1.2.2 Electrification in Thunderstorm -- 1.3 Influence of Particulate Electrification to Multiphase Flows -- 1.3.1 Influence of Coulomb Force -- 1.3.2 Influence of Electrostatic Discharge -- 1.3.2.1 Causing Fires and Explosive Accidents -- 1.3.2.2 Causing Electric Shock on Human Body -- 1.3.2.3 Causing Interference to the Normal Operation of Electronic Equipment -- 1.3.3 Influence of Electrostatic Induction -- References -- Chapter 2: Properties of Particulate in Multiphase Flows -- 2.1 Particulate Forms -- 2.2 Particulate - Fluid Interaction -- 2.3 Particulate - Particulate Interaction -- 2.4 Basic Theory of Electrostatics Induced by Particulate Electrification -- 2.4.1 Charge and Coulomb´s Law -- 2.4.2 Electric Field and Gauss Theorem -- 2.4.3 Electric Potential and Basic Electrostatic Field Equations -- References -- Part II: Basic Theory of Droplet Charging in Multiphase Flows -- Chapter 3: Charging Ways and Basic Theories of Droplet Electrification -- 3.1 Charging Ways of Droplet Electrification -- 3.1.1 Streaming Electrification -- 3.1.2 Settlement Electrification -- 3.1.3 Injection Electrification -- 3.1.4 Liquid Impingement Electrification -- 3.1.5 Splash Electrification. , 3.1.6 Interface Electrification Between Gas-Liquid -- 3.1.7 Diffusion Electrification -- 3.2 Basic Theories of Droplet Electrification -- 3.2.1 Contact Charging -- 3.2.2 Induction Charging -- 3.2.3 Corona Charging -- 3.2.4 Interface Charging -- 3.2.4.1 Temperature Gradient -- 3.2.4.2 Chemical Potential Gradient -- References -- Chapter 4: Numerical Modeling Methods for Droplet Electrification -- 4.1 Governing Equations of Fluid Flow and Electric Field -- 4.1.1 Governing Equations of Fluid Flow -- 4.1.2 Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Interface Tracking -- 4.2 Coupling with Charging Model -- 4.2.1 Electrical Leakage Model -- 4.2.2 Constant Charge Model -- 4.3 Applications of Numerical Simulation on Droplet Electrification -- 4.3.1 Movement of Electrified Liquid Droplets in Electric Fields -- 4.3.2 Characteristic of Electrified Liquid in Electrostatic Spraying -- References -- Part III: Basic Theory of Particle Charging in Multiphase Flows -- Chapter 5: Charging Ways and Basic Theories of Particle Electrification -- 5.1 Charging Ways of Particle Electrification -- 5.1.1 Crack Electrification -- 5.1.2 Induced Electrification -- 5.1.3 Attached Electrification -- 5.1.4 Contact Electrification -- 5.1.4.1 Theory of contact electrification between metals -- 5.1.4.2 Contact electrification between metals and insulating materials -- 5.1.4.3 Contact electrification of insulating materials -- 5.1.4.4 Separation process -- 5.2 Basic Theory of Particle Electrification -- 5.2.1 Estimate the Charges of Powder Electrification -- 5.2.2 Charge Transfer Generated by the External Electric Field -- 5.2.3 Charge Transfer Generated by Asymmetry Contact -- 5.2.4 Charge Transfer from Aqueous Ion Shift on Particle Surfaces -- References -- Chapter 6: Numerical Modeling Methods for Particle Electrification -- 6.1 Governing Equations of Gas-Solid Two-Phase Flow. , 6.1.1 Governing Equations of Fluid -- 6.1.2 Governing Equation of Particle Motion -- 6.1.3 Force Between Particle and Fluid -- 6.1.4 The Contact Force Between Particles -- 6.2 Applications of Numerical Simulation on Particle Charging -- 6.2.1 Charged Particle Movement in Electrostatic Precipitator -- 6.2.2 Charging Behavior of Sand in Horizontal Wind Tunnel -- References -- Chapter 7: Experimental Methods for Particulate Charging Processes -- 7.1 Measurement of Electrostatic Potential (Pressure) -- 7.1.1 Method Using Contact Making Voltmeter -- 7.1.2 Method of Using Non-contact Voltmeter -- 7.2 Measurement of Electrostatic Charge Quantity -- 7.2.1 Direct Measurement Method of Charges -- 7.2.2 Measurement of Charge Quantity by Electrostatic Induction Method -- 7.3 Measurement of Electrostatic Properties of Powder -- 7.3.1 Measurement of Specific Resistance of Powder -- 7.3.1.1 Probe Method -- 7.3.1.2 Two-Counter Electrode Method -- 7.3.1.3 Three-Electrode Method -- 7.3.2 Measurement of Electrostatic Potential (Voltage) of Powder -- 7.3.2.1 Measurement of Specific Mass Charge Density of Powder -- 7.4 Measurement of Electrostatic Charge Density of Liquid -- Chapter 8: Electrostatic Utilization and Protection in Multiphase Flows -- 8.1 Main Contents of Electrostatic Protection -- 8.2 Electrostatic Protection of Powders -- 8.2.1 General Measures of Powder Electrostatic Protection -- 8.2.2 Electrostatic Protection Measures in each Process of Powder Processing -- 8.3 Electrostatic Protection of Liquids -- 8.3.1 General Measures of Liquid Electrostatic Protection -- 8.3.2 Technological Protection Measures for Various Devices -- Reference -- Chapter 9: Potential Applications of Particulate Electrification.

Note: Cover -- Scholarly Communication in Science and Engineering Research in Higher Education -- Copyright -- CONTENTS -- Introduction -- SCHOLARLY PUBLISHING -- Can Peer Review Be Better Focused? -- The Future of Scientific and Technical Journals -- The eScholarship Repository: A University of California Response to the Scholarly Communication Crisis -- Conference Proceedings at Publishing Crossroads -- Electronic Theses and Dissertations: Enhancing Scholarly Communication and the Graduate Student Experience -- Chemistry Journals: Cost-Effectiveness, Seminal Titles and Exchange Rate Profiteering -- SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION -- The Role of Scientific Literature in Electronic Scholarly Communication -- Scholarly Communication in Flux: Entrenchment and Opportunity -- DIGITAL ARCHIVE AND RETRIEVAL -- Issues and Concerns with the Archiving of Electronic Journals -- User Expectations and the Complex Reality of Online Research Efforts -- BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF CITATION DATA -- Bibliometric and Bibliographic Analysis in an Era of Electronic Scholarly Communication -- Citation Patterns of Advanced Undergraduate Students in Biology, 2000-2002 -- Index.