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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis in vitro of very long chain fatty acids in Vibrio sp. strain ABE-1 (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 157 (1992), S. 223-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Fatty acids synthetase ; Very long chain fatty acids ; Psychrophilic bacteria ; Vibrio sp
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The activity of fatty acid synthetase (FAS) from Vibrio sp. strain ABE-1 required the presence of acyl carrier protein and was completely inhibited by thiolactomycin, an inhibitor specific for a type II FAS. These observations indicate that this enzyme is a type II FAS. Analysis by gas-liquid chromotography of the reaction products synthesized in vitro from [2-14C]malonyl-CoA by the partially purified FAS revealed, in addition to 16-and 18-carbon fatty acids which are normal constituents of this bacterium, the presence of fatty acids with very long chains. These fatty acids were identified as saturated and mono-unsaturated fatty acids with 20 up to as many as 30 carbon atoms. The longest fatty acids normally found in this bacterium contain 18-carbon atoms. These results suggest that the FAS from Vibrio sp. strain ABE-1 has potentially the ability to synthesize fatty acids with very long chains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00245154
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipoamino acids and sulfonoplipids in Cytophaga johnsonae Stanier strain C21 and six related species of Cytophaga (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 158 (1992), S. 171-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Lipoamino acid ; Glycine lipid ; Ornithine lipid ; Sulfonolipid ; Chemosystematic marker ; Cytophaga spp
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cytophaga johnsonae Stanier strain C21 (C. johnsonae C21) contains phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), an unusual glycine-containing lipid (glycine lipid), and two kinds of unidentified lipid as major lipid components. One of the latter lipids was identified by chemical and physicochemical methods as iso-3-hydroxy fatty acid, α-amide linked to ornithine and esterified to iso-nonhydroxy fatty acid (ornithine lipid). The other lipid was identified as a sulfonolipid by a tracer experiment using 35S. PE, glycine lipid and sulfonolipid were found in all seven species of Cytophage examined, namely, C. huchinsonii, C. heparina, C. johnsonae C21, C. aquatilis, and three unidentified species of Cytophaga. However, ornithine lipid was found only in the latter five species. By contrast, a serine-containing lipid, which is a specific lipid component of Flavobacterium species, was not found in any species of Cytophaga examined. The possible use and significance of amino acid-containing lipids and sulfonolipids as chemosystematic markers of the Cytophaga species are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00290812
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of high affinity phosphate transporter in the duckweed Spirodela oligorrhiza (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden , USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Physiologia plantarum 120 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Duckweed plants (Spirodela oligorrhiza) grown under phosphate (Pi)-deficient conditions (– P plants) exhibited more than 50-fold higher Pi uptake activity than plants grown under Pi-sufficient conditions (+ P plants). The Pi uptake activity of – P plants measured using 32Pi was significantly inhibited by carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, indicating that Pi uptake is energized by the electrochemical proton gradient across the plasma membrane (PM). When Pi uptake was examined at various concentrations of Pi, more active uptake of Pi was observed in – P plants than in + P plants, irrespective of the Pi concentrations. An immunoblot analysis of the PM proteins using antiserum against the conserved sequence of the high-affinity Pi transporter recognized the occurrence and large accumulation of a novel protein band at 48 kDa in – P plants. The protein was almost completely extracted with chloroform-methanol (2:1, v/v), but only a trace amount of the protein was detected in + P plants. Immunohistochemical studies of plant roots using the same antiserum demonstrated a large accumulation of high-affinity Pi transporters at the outermost cortical cells of – P plants, but not of + P plants. When an immunoblot analysis of PM proteins was performed using antiserum against the PM H+-ATPase, a positive band of about 96 kDa was detected in both plants with a similar signal intensity. Furthermore, ATP-hydrolytic and ATP-dependent H+-transporting activities of PM H+-ATPase in – P plants were not higher than those in + P plants. However, kinetic analyses showed that the PM H+-ATPase in – P plants had a lower Km value and a higher coupling efficiency between ATP hydrolysis and H+ pumping than the corresponding values in + P plants. These results suggest that the significant stimulation of Pi uptake in – P plants may be due mainly to the induction and accumulation of the high-affinity Pi transporter in the PM, and that the electrochemical proton gradient across the PM may be generated by the high-ATP-affinity and energy-efficient H+ pump in – P plants. This would facilitate the acquisition of Pi in S. oligorrhiza under Pi-depleted conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0031-9317.2004.0231.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and characterization of cDNA of the GPI-anchored purple acid phosphatase and its root tissue distribution in Spirodela oligorrhiza (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Physiologia plantarum 113 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A cDNA clone of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored purple acid phosphatase (PAP) has been obtained by a combination of cDNA library screening and 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends from Spirodela oligorrhiza plants grown under phosphate-deficient (−P) conditions. The open reading frame of the S. oligorrhiza PAP cDNA consists of 1 365 bp encoding a 455 amino acid protein. Its deduced amino acid sequence shows 82 and 80% similarity to Arabidopsis thaliana and Phaseolus vulgaris PAP, respectively. The amino acid residue, Ala439, followed by two more small amino acid residues, Asp and Ser, is predicted to be the GPI-anchoring (ω) site. The absence of a dibasic motif upstream of the putative ω site suggests that the PAP is a cell wall protein. This presumption is supported by the finding that PAP was released by digestion of the cell wall fraction with cellulase. The GPI anchor is speculated to be a signal for transporting PAP to the cell wall. Immunohistochemical results using −P plant roots demonstrate that PAP is preferentially distributed in the outermost cortical cells of roots but not in the epidermis, suggesting its role in acquiring inorganic phosphate under phosphate-deficient conditions. Northern blot analysis using the S. oligorrhiza PAP cDNA as a probe demonstrates that expression of the PAP gene increased during growth of −P plants and this time-dependent occurrence in mRNA levels of the PAP in −P plants was also observed in their protein and activity levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2001.1130212.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modulation of chemotaxis, O2− production and myeloperoxidase release from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes by the ornithine-containing lipid and the serineglycine-containing lipid of Flavobacterium (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS immunology and medical microbiology 28 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-695X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The ornithine-containing lipid (OL) and the serineglycine-containing lipid (SGL) of Flavobacterium activated and modulated the functions of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). The OL and the SGL strongly activated fMet-Leu-Phe- and interleukin-8-induced chemotaxis of PMNs at the concentration of 0.1 μg ml−1, and a synthetic OL also activated the function of PMNs. Further, the OL strongly activated O2− production from PMNs. Although the OL and the SGL slightly modulated myeloperoxidase release from PMNs, inhibition effects of their component fatty acid analogues were observed. O2− production-inducing activity is a common biological activity between the OL and bacterial lipopolysaccharides, but OL and SGL, unlike lipopolysaccharide, are potent activators of PMN chemotaxis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-695X.2000.tb01478.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of the extracellular polysaccharide produced by the snow mold fungus Microdochium nivale (2000)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 22 (2000), S. 183-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Keywords: β-glucan ; cellulose ; extracellular polysaccharide ; Microdochium nivale ; snow mold
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A water-insoluble, extracellular polysaccharide was isolated from the culture medium of the snow mold fungus, Microdochium nivale, that had been cultivated in potato/dextrose broth. The polysaccharide consisted of glucose only. Its Fourier transform infrared spectrum showed a beta configuration of the C1 position of glucose. Linkage analysis of the polysaccharide showed that it had a linear structure of β-(1→4)-linked glucose. The polysaccharide was therefore identified as cellulose. This is the first report of extracellular cellulose occurring in fungi.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005647928900
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of clustered genes that are notably homologous to the eicosapentaenoic acid biosynthesis gene cluster from the docosahexaenoic acid-producing bacterium Vibrio marinus strain MP-1 (1999)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 21 (1999), S. 939-945 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Keywords: DHA biosynthesis gene cluster ; docosahexaeboic acid ; eicosapentaenoic acid ; gene cloning ; Vibrio marinus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A 40-kbp DNA fragment was isolated from the cosmid library of Vibrio marinus strain MP-1. Among the 22 putative open reading frames (ORFs) in this fragment, ORFs 8, 9, 10 and 11 had high homology with ORFs 5, 6, 7 and 8 of the eicosapentaenoic acid biosynthesis gene cluster, respectively. Then, we speculate that these ORFs are responsible for docosahexaenoic acid biosynthesis in this bacterium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005601606929
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and sequencing of clustered genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis from the docosahexaenoic acid-producing bacterium, Vibrio marinus strain MP-1 (1999)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 21 (1999), S. 641-646 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Keywords: docosahexaenoic acid-producing bacteria ; fab gene cluster ; fatty acid synthetase ; psychrophile ; Vibrio marinus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A cluster of genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis (fab) was isolated from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-producing Vibrio marinus strain MP-1. This fab gene cluster included five genes highly homologous to the Escherichia coli counterparts, and their order in the cluster was the same with that of the E. coli fab gene cluster except that the latter included the additional fabH gene. These fab genes should be involved in early steps of DHA biosynthesis in V. marinus strain MP-1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005554123394
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