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  • 1
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    Hydrostatic pressure induces transformations in the organic matter and microbial community composition of marine snow particles (2023)
    Nature Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: In the hadal zone of the ocean (6–11 km), the characteristics of sinking marine snow particles and their attached microbial communities remain elusive, despite their potential importance for benthic life thriving at extreme pressures (60–110 MPa). Here, we used simulation experiments to explore how increasing pressure levels modify the microbial degradation, organic matter composition, and microbiome of sinking diatom aggregates. Individual aggregates were incubated in rotating tanks in which pressure was incrementally increased to simulate a descent from surface to hadal depth within 20 days. Incubations at atmospheric pressure served as controls. With increasing pressure, microbial respiration and diatom degradation decreased gradually and ceased completely at 60 MPa. Dissolved organic carbon leaked substantially from the aggregates at ≥40 MPa, while diatom lipid and pigment contents decreased moderately. Bacterial abundance remained stable at 〉40 MPa, but bacterial community composition changed significantly at 60–100 MPa. Thus, pressure exposure reduces microbial degradation and transforms both organic matter composition and microbiomes of sinking particles, which may seed hadal sediments with relatively fresh particulate organic matter and putative pressure-tolerant microbes.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    Microbial growth and organic matter cycling in the Pacific Ocean along a latitudinal transect between subarctic and subantarctic waters (2021)
    In:  EPIC3Frontiers in Marine Science, 8, pp. 764383, ISSN: 2296-7745
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-14
    Description: The Pacific Ocean constitutes about half of the global oceans and thus microbial processes in this ocean have a large impact on global elemental cycles. Despite several intensely studied regions large areas are still greatly understudied regarding microbial activities, organic matter cycling and biogeography. Refined information about these features is most important to better understand the significance of this ocean for global biogeochemical and elemental cycles. Therefore we investigated a suite of microbial and geochemical variables along a transect from the subantarctic to the subarctic Pacific in the upper 200 m of the water column. The aim was to quantify rates of organic matter processing, identify potential controlling factors and prokaryotic key players. The assessed variables included abundance of heterotrophic prokaryotes and cyanobacteria, heterotrophic prokaryotic production (HPP), turnover rate constants of amino acids, glucose, and acetate, leucine aminopeptidase and β-glucosidase activities, and the composition of the bacterial community by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The additional quantification of nitrate, dissolved amino acids and carbohydrates, chlorophyll a, particulate organic carbon and nitrogen (POC, PON) provided a rich environmental context. The oligotrophic gyres exhibited the lowest prokaryotic abundances, rates of HPP and substrate turnover. Low nucleic acid prokaryotes dominated in these gyres, whereas in temperate and subpolar regions further north and south, high nucleic acid prokaryotes dominated. Turnover rate constants of glucose and acetate, as well as leucine aminopeptidase activity, increased from (sub)tropical toward the subpolar regions. In contrast, HPP and bulk growth rates were highest near the equatorial upwelling and lowest in the central gyres and subpolar regions. The SAR11 clade, the Roseobacter group and Flavobacteria constituted the majority of the prokaryotic communities. Vertical profiles of the biogeochemical and microbial variables markedly differed among the different regions and showed close covariations of the microbial variables and chlorophyll a, POC and PON. The results show that hydrographic, microbial, and biogeochemical properties exhibited distinct patterns reflecting the biogeographic provinces along the transect. The microbial variables assessed contribute to a better and refined understanding of the scales of microbial organic matter processing in large areas of the epipelagic Pacific beyond its well-studied regions.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    Gulf Stream ring water intrusion on the Mid-Atlantic Bight continental shelf break affects microbially driven carbon cycling (2019)
    Frontiers Media
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Hoarfrost, A., Balmonte, J. P., Ghobrial, S., Ziervogel, K., Bane, J., Gawarkiewicz, G., & Arnosti, C. Gulf Stream ring water intrusion on the Mid-Atlantic Bight continental shelf break affects microbially driven carbon cycling. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6, (2019): 394, doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00394.
    Description: Warm core, anticyclonic rings that spin off from the Gulf Stream circulate through the region directly offshore of the Mid-Atlantic Bight. If a warm core ring reaches the continental shelf break, its warm, highly saline water may subduct under cooler, fresher continental shelf surface water, resulting in subsurface waters at the shelf break and over the upper continental slope with high temperatures and salinities and distinct physical and chemical properties characteristic of Gulf Stream water. Such intruding water may also have microbial communities with distinct functional capacities, which may in turn affect the rate and nature of carbon cycling in this coastal/shelf environment. However, the functional capabilities of microbial communities within ring intrusion waters relative to surrounding continental shelf waters are largely unexplored. We investigated microbial community capacity to initiate organic matter remineralization by measuring hydrolysis of a suite of polysaccharide, peptide, and glucose substrates along a transect oriented across the Mid-Atlantic Bight shelf, shelf break, and upper slope. At the outermost sampling site, warm and salty water derived from a Gulf Stream warm core ring was present in the lower portion of the water column. This water exhibited hydrolytic capacities distinct from other sampling sites, and exhibited lower heterotrophic bacterial productivity overall. Warm core rings adjacent to the Mid-Atlantic Bight shelf have increased in frequency and duration in recent years. As the influence of warm core rings on the continental shelf and slope increases in the future, the rate and nature of organic matter remineralization on the continental shelf may also shift.
    Description: This study was funded by the NSF (OCE-1332881 and OCE-1736772 to CA; OCE-1657853 to GG), with additional funding provided by the DOE (DE-SC0013887).
    Keywords: Warm core ring ; Ring intrusion ; Mid-Atlantic Bight ; Heterotrophy ; Carbon cycling ; Enzymatic activity
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 4
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    Multiomics in the central Arctic Ocean for benchmarking biodiversity change (2022)
    Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    In:  EPIC3PLOS Biology, Public Library of Science (PLoS), 20(10), pp. e3001835-e3001835, ISSN: 1544-9173
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-21
    Description: Multiomics approaches need to be applied in the central Arctic Ocean to benchmark biodiversity change and to identify novel species and their genes. As part of MOSAiC, EcoOmics will therefore be essential for conservation and sustainable bioprospecting in one of the least explored ecosystems on Earth.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Distinct bacterial succession and functional response to alginate in the South, Equatorial, and North Pacific Ocean (2024)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Environmental Microbiology, Wiley, 26(3), pp. e16594-e16594, ISSN: 1462-2912
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-11
    Description: The availability of alginate, an abundant macroalgal polysaccharide, induces compositional and functional responses among marine microbes, but these dynamics have not been characterized across the Pacific Ocean. We investigated alginate-induced compositional and functional shifts (e.g., heterotrophic production, glucose turnover, hydrolytic enzyme activities) of microbial communities in the South Subtropical, Equatorial, and Polar Frontal North Pacific in mesocosms. We observed that shifts in response to alginate were site-specific. In the South Subtropical Pacific, prokaryotic cell counts, glucose turnover, and peptidase activities changed the most with alginate addition, along with the enrichment of the widest range of particle-associated taxa (161 amplicon sequence variants; ASVs) belonging to Alteromonadaceae, Rhodobacteraceae, Phormidiaceae, and Pseudoalteromonadaceae. Some of these taxa were detected at other sites but only enriched in the South Pacific. In the Equatorial Pacific, glucose turnover and heterotrophic prokaryotic production increased most rapidly; a single Alteromonas taxon dominated (60% of the community) but remained low (〈2%) elsewhere. In the North Pacific, the particle-associated community response to alginate was gradual, with a more limited range of alginate-enriched taxa (82 ASVs). Thus, alginate-related ecological and biogeochemical shifts depend on a combination of factors that include the ability to utilize alginate, environmental conditions, and microbial interactions.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    First-year sea-ice salinity, temperature, density, oxygen and hydrogen isotope composition from the main coring site (MCS-FYI) during MOSAiC legs 1 to 4 in 2019/2020 (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-01
    Description: First-year sea-ice thickness, draft, salinity, temperature, and density were measured during near-weekly surveys at the main first-year ice coring site (MCS-FYI) during the MOSAiC expedition (legs 1 to 4). The ice cores were extracted either with a 9-cm (Mark II) or 7.25-cm (Mark III) internal diameter ice corers (Kovacs Enterprise, US). This data set includes data from 23 coring site visits and were performed from 28 October 2019 to 29 July 2020 at coring locations within 130 m to each other in the MOSAiC Central Observatory. During each coring event, ice temperature was measured in situ from a separate temperature core, using Testo 720 thermometers in drill holes with a length of half-core-diameter at 5-cm vertical resolution. Ice bulk practical salinity was measured from melted core sections at 5-cm resolution using a YSI 30 conductivity meter. Ice density was measured using the hydrostatic weighing method (Pustogvar and Kulyakhtin, 2016) from a density core in the freezer laboratory onboard Polarstern at the temperature of –15°C. Relative volumes of brine and gas were estimated from ice salinity, temperature and density using Cox and Weeks (1983) for cold ice and Leppäranta and Manninen (1988) for ice warmer than –2°C. The data contains the event label (1), time (2), and global coordinates (3,4) of each coring measurement and sample IDs (13, 15). Each salinity core has its manually measured ice thickness (5), ice draft (6), core length (7), and mean snow height (22). Each core section has the total length of its top (8) and bottom (9) measured in situ, as well estimated depth of section top (10), bottom (11), and middle (12). The depth estimates assume that the total length of all core sections is equal to the measured ice thickness. Each core section has the value of its practical salinity (14), isotopic values (16, 17, 18) (Meyer et al., 2000), as well as sea ice temperature (19) and ice density (20) interpolated to the depth of salinity measurements. The global coordinates of coring sites were measured directly. When it was not possible, coordinates of the nearby temperature buoy 2019T66 were used. Ice mass balance buoy 2019T66 installation is described in doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.938134. Brine volume (21) fraction estimates are presented only for fraction values from 0 to 30%. Each core section also has comments (23) describing if the sample is from a false bottom, from rafted ice or has any other special characteristics. Macronutrients from the salinity core, and more isotope data will be published in a subsequent version of this data set.
    Keywords: Arctic; Arctic Ocean; Arctic Research Icebreaker Consortium: A strategy for meeting the needs for marine-based research in the Arctic; ARICE; Calculated; Comment; Core length; cores; DATE/TIME; density; Density, ice; Depth, adjusted; Depth, adjusted bottom; Depth, adjusted top; Depth, ice/snow, bottom/maximum; Depth, ice/snow, top/minimum; Deuterium excess; Ecological monitoring; Event label; HAVOC; Hydrostatic weighing; IC; Ice corer; ICEGAUGE; Ice thickness gauge; Isotopic liquid water analyzer; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; MOSAiC; MOSAiC_ECO; MOSAiC_ICE; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Physical properties; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-19; PS122/1_5-3; PS122/1_6-34; PS122/1_7-6; PS122/1_7-97; PS122/1_8-2; PS122/1_9-6; PS122/1_9-93; PS122/2; PS122/2_17-3; PS122/2_19-7; PS122/2_21-13; PS122/2_23-3; PS122/2_24-8; PS122/3; PS122/3_32-63; PS122/3_35-11; PS122/3_36-21; PS122/3_38-24; PS122/3_39-7; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-134; PS122/4_46-18; PS122/4_47-16; PS122/4_48-23; PS122/4_49-34; Ridges - Safe HAVens for ice-associated Flora and Fauna in a Seasonally ice-covered Arctic OCean; Salinity; Salinometer, inductive; Sample ID; Sea ice; Sea ice draft; Sea ice salinity; Sea ice thickness; Snow height; Tape measure; Temperature; Temperature, ice/snow; Thermometer; time-series; Volume, brine; δ18O, water; δ Deuterium, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 7847 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Effects of increasing hydrostatic pressure on sinking diatom aggregates (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-02
    Description: The effect of increasing hydrostatic pressure on the microbial degradation, the organic matter composition, and the microbiome of 'marine snow' particles was studied in laboratory incubation experiments. Model aggregates were produced from the diatom Skeletonema marinoi and the natural microbial community of surface seawater collected in the Kattegat. The aggregates were incubated individually in rotating pressure and control tanks to keep them suspended during 20-day incubations in the dark and at 3°C. In the pressure tanks, hydrostatic pressure was increased at increments of 5 MPa per day to finally reach 100 MPa. This pressure scheme simulates the descent of diatom aggregates from the surface ocean down into a 10-km deep hadal trench. In the control tanks, pressure always remained at atmospheric level. Aerobic respiration was continuously measured as a proxy for oxidative carbon mineralization in the aggregates (Stief et al. 2021, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11791). Leakage of dissolved organic carbon was monitored as an additional carbon loss term. The contents of different diatom lipids and photopigments were measured throughout the incubation. The succession of microbial (mainly bacterial) communities associated with the sinking diatom aggregates was followed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing throughout the incubation; the corresponding data are deposited in the NCBI short-read archive under the accession number PRJNA976707.
    Keywords: biological carbon pump; Deep sea; Diatom; Hadal trench; hydrostatic pressure; lipids; marine carbon cycle; marine snow; microbial community; pigments; Respiration
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 15 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Hydrography, biogeochemistry, microbial population, growth and substrate dynamics between subarctic and subantarctic waters in the Pacific Ocean during the cruises SO248 and SO254 with RV Sonne (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-28
    Description: Data presented here were collected during the two cruises SO248 and SO254 with RV SONNE in the Pacific Ocean at 25 stations along a transect closely following 180° longitude E/W between 52.1°S southeast of New Zealand and 58.9°N in the Bering Sea. The first cruise SO248 was conducted from Auckland, New Zealand, to Dutch Harbor, USA (May 1st, 2016 - June 3rd, 2016) and the second (SO254) took place from January 26th, 2017 - February 27th, 2017 and started and ended in Auckland, New Zealand. The data comprises hydrographical, chemical, biogeochemical and biological parameters.
    Keywords: Acetone extraction, fluorescence determination; Amino acid, total dissolved free; Amino acid, total dissolved free uptake; Amino acid, total hydrolysable dissolved; Amino acids, dissolved combined; BacGeoPac; Bacteria; Bacteria, heterotrophic with relatively low DNA content; BD FACS ARIA3 Flow Cytometer, autofluorescence (AF); Bering Sea; biogeochemistry; Biogeographical province; Biogeographical province after Longhurst (2006); biogeography; Breakdown of fluorescent substrate analoga (Obayashi and Suzuki, 2005, Limnol Oceanogr; Balmonte et al ., 2018, Environ Microbiol); Calculated; Calculated; DCAA = THDAA - DFAA; after Lunau et al. (2006); Calculated from downwelling photosynthetically active radiation PAR Ed, integrated from 400 - 700 nm; Carbohydrates, dissolved, neutral free; Carbohydrates, dissolved, neutral free, uptake; Carbohydrates, total hydrolyzable; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio; CARD-FISH; Catalyzed reporter deposition fluorescence in situ hybridisation (CARD-FISH); Catalyzed reporter deposition fluorescence in situ hybridisation (CARD-FISH), % of the DAPI positive stained cells; Chlorophyll a; Combustion by FlashEA 1112 CHN-analyzer; Conductivity; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus [SN: 09-1266]; CTD, SEA-BIRD SBE 911plus, SN 5828 / SN 4529; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; cyanobacteria; Cyanobacteria; Cyanobacteria, cell size, forward scatter; Cyanobacteria, cell size, side scatter; Cytophaga-Flavobacteria; Cytophaga-Flavobacteria, cells; DATE/TIME; Density, sigma-theta (0); Depth, relative; DEPTH, water; Depth of Secchi Disk; ELEVATION; Equatorial Pacific; Eukaryotes; Eukaryotes, cell size, forward scatter; Eukaryotes, cell size, relative; Eukaryotes, cell size, side scatter; Event label; Flagellates+algae; Flagellates+algae, cell size, forward scatter; Flagellates+algae, cell size, side scatter; Flow Cytometer, BD Biosciences, C6 [autofluorescence, calibration of the forward scatter (FSC)]; Flow Cytometer, BD Biosciences, C6 [autofluorescence (AF)]; Flow Cytometer, BD Biosciences, C6 [calibration of the forward scatter (FSC), only relative cell size due to calibration after Giebel et al. (2019)]; Flow Cytometer, BD Biosciences, C6 [SybrGreenI staining]; flow cytometry; Fluorescence, chlorophyll; Fluorescence determination; Fluorometer, WET Labs ECO AFL/FL; Forel-Ule index; Gammaproteobacteria; Gammaproteobacteria, cells; Generation time; heterotrophic prokaryotic production; High nucleic acid bacteria; High nucleic acid bacteria, cell size, forward scatter; High nucleic acid bacteria, cell size, relative; High nucleic acid bacteria, cell size, side scatter; High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using an Agilent 1200 HPLC device after an ortho-phthaldialdehyde precolumn derivatization (Lindroth and Mopper, 1979) with slight modifications as described by Lunau et al. (2006); High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) using anion-exchange columns by pulsed amperometric detection according to Mopper et al. (1992); HNA; HPLC after Lindroth and Mopper (1979) with slight modifications as described by Lunau et al. (2006); Hydrolysis rate, beta-Glucose; Hydrolysis rate, Leucine; Incorporation of 14C-leucine (Simon and Azam, 1989, http://www.int-res.com/articles/meps/51/m051p201.pdf; Simon et al. 2004, doi:10.4319/lo.2004.49.4.1035); Incorporation of 3H-acetate (Simon et al. 2007, doi:10.4319/lo.2007.52.1.0085); Incorporation of 3H-Amino acid mix (Simon et al. 2004, doi:10.4319/lo.2004.49.4.1035; 2007, doi:10.4319/lo.2007.52.1.0085); Incorporation of 3H-Glucose (Simon et al. 2004, doi:10.4319/lo.2004.49.4.1035; 2007, doi:10.4319/lo.2007.52.1.0085); LATITUDE; LNA; LONGITUDE; Low nucleic acid bacteria; Low nucleic acid bacteria, cell size, forward scatter; Low nucleic acid bacteria, cell size, relative; Low nucleic acid bacteria, cell size, side scatter; Microplankton; Microplankton, cell size, forward scatter; Microplankton, cell size, relative; Microplankton, cell size, side scatter; Mixed layer depth; Nanoplankton; Nanoplankton, cell size, forward scatter; Nanoplankton, cell size, relative; Nanoplankton, cell size, side scatter; Nitrate; Nitrite; Nitrogen, organic, particulate; Nitrogen oxide; North Pacific Ocean; Ökologie, Physiologie und Molekularbiologie der Roseobacter-Gruppe: Aufbruch zu einem systembiologischen Verständnis einer global wichtigen Gruppe mariner Bakterien; Oxygen; Oxygen optode, Aanderaa, type 4831F; Pacific Ocean; Phosphate; Picoplankton; Picoplankton, cell size, forward scatter; Picoplankton, cell size, relative; Picoplankton, cell size, side scatter; Polaribacter; Polaribacter, cells; Pori Bac NewZ; Pressure, water; Prochlorococcus; Prochlorococcus, cell size, forward scatter; Prochlorococcus, cell size, side scatter; Prokaryotes, cell size, forward scatter; Prokaryotes, cell size, relative; Prokaryotes, growth rate; Prokaryotes, heterotroph; Prokaryotes, heterotroph, biomass production in mass protein; Prokaryotes, heterotroph, carbon production; Prokaryotes, heterotroph, cell size, side scatter; Prokaryotes, heterotroph, nitrogen production; Prokaryotes, heterotroph, protein production; Roseobacter; Roseobacter, cells; Roseobacter clade affiliated cluster, Planktomarina temperata; Roseobacter clade affiliated cluster, Planktomarina temperata, cells; RV Sonne; Salinity; SAR11; SAR11, cells; Silicate; SO248; SO248_10-2a; SO248_1-1; SO248_11-1; SO248_12-1; SO248_13-3; SO248_14-3; SO248_15-1; SO248_16-2; SO248_17-4; SO248_18-3; SO248_19-1; SO248_2-1; SO248_3-1; SO248_4-3; SO248_5-1; SO248_6-2; SO248_7-1; SO248_8-4; SO248_9-6; SO254; SO254_11-1; SO254_32-1; SO254_38-1; SO254_47-1; SO254_61-1; SO254_65-1; Sonne_2; Sound velocity in water; South Pacific Ocean; Station label; Synechococcus; Synechococcus, cell size, forward scatter; Synechococcus, cell size, side scatter; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, potential; TRR51; Turbidity (Nephelometric turbidity unit); Turnover rate, acetate; Turnover rate, amino acids, dissolved, free; Turnover rate, glucose
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 19990 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Exoenzyme activities associated with sinking diatom aggregates incubated in rotating pressure and control tanks (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-26
    Description: The effect of increasing hydrostatic pressure on the microbial degradation, the organic matter composition, and the microbiome of 'marine snow' particles was studied in laboratory incubation experiments. Model aggregates were produced from the diatom Skeletonema marinoi and the natural microbial community of surface seawater collected in the Kattegat. The aggregates were incubated individually in rotating pressure and control tanks to keep them suspended during 20-day incubations in the dark and at 3°C. In the pressure tanks, hydrostatic pressure was increased at increments of 5 MPa per day to finally reach 100 MPa. This pressure scheme simulates the descent of diatom aggregates from the surface ocean down into a 10-km deep hadal trench. In the control tanks, pressure was always left at atmospheric level. The activities of 5 exoenzymes (leucine-aminopeptidase, beta-glucosidase, laminarase, pullulanase, chondroitin sulfatase) associated with diatom aggregates were determined using fluorescently labeled substrates. Volumetric exoenzyme activities were calculated from the temporal change in fluorophore concentrations and the individual aggregate volume for samples retrieved every 4-8 days throughout the 20-day incubation experiment.
    Keywords: beta-glucosidase activity; beta-glucosidase activity, standard deviation; biological carbon pump; Chondroitin sulfatase activity; Chondroitin sulfatase activity, standard deviation; Date/time end, experiment; Date/time start, experiment; Deep sea; Diatom; Digital manometer, Keller AG, LEO5; Experiment; Experimental treatment; Fluorimeter, Promega, Quantifluor mini fluorimeter; Gel permeation chromatography according to Arnosti 2003; HADAL_aggregates; Hadal trench; hydrostatic pressure; Laboratory; Laboratory experiment; Laminarase activity; Laminarase activity, standard deviation; Leucin-aminopeptidase activity; Leucin-aminopeptidase activity, standard deviation; lipids; marine carbon cycle; marine snow; microbial community; pigments; Pullulanase activity; Pullulanase activity, standard deviation; Replicate; Respiration; Treatment: pressure; Treatment: time after; Type of study
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 114 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    Physical oceanography based on Ocean City CTD during POLARSTERN cruise PS122 (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-20
    Description: This data set contains the hydrographic profile data collected with a CTD rosette in a shelter on the ice (Ocean City) during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC). The CTD is an SBE911plus with 12 bottles, 5 liters each, operated with a small winch and crane in the shelter on the ice. The data set contains calibrated and quality-controlled parameters (temperature, conductivity, oxygen and their derived variables) as well as only pre-cruise calibrated parameters where no post-cruise calibration or quality control was applied (all other). CDOM fluorescence data are the exception. Quality control was performed but data have to be handled with care, as the sensor seems to have broken down during leg 3 such that no post-cruise calibration could be applied. The data are provided as text file (all cruise legs in one file) as well as in netCDF format (one file per cruise leg). The accuracy for salinity and conductivity is 0.004 while the accuracy for temperature is 0.002. Additional information on the sensor used for the final data set, the water depth as well as the availability of profile or bottle data is given in a separate info-text-file. Contact: Sandra.Tippenhauer@awi.de Quality flags are given based on paragraph 6. "Quality flags" from https://www.seadatanet.org/content/download/596/file/SeaDataNet_QC_procedures_V2_%28May_2010%29.pdf. QC flag meanings: 0 = unknown, 1 = good_data, 2 = probably good_data, 3 = probably bad data, 4 = bad data set to nan. This work was carried out and data was produced as part of the international Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of the Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) with the tag MOSAiC20192020. We thank all persons involved in the expedition of the Research Vessel Polarstern during MOSAiC in 2019-2020 (AWI_PS122_00) as listed in Nixdorf et al. (2021).
    Keywords: Advective Pathways of nutrients and key Ecological substances in the ARctic; APEAR; Arctic Ocean; Attenuation, optical beam transmission; AWI_PhyOce; Chlorophyll a; Conductivity; CTD; CTD, Seabird; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus, measured with Temperature sensor, Sea-Bird, SBE3plus; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; Calculation according to Bittig et al. (2018); CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; Calculation according to McDougall and Barker (2011); CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with Conductivity sensor, Sea-Bird, SBE 4; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with Dissolved oxygen sensor, Sea-Bird, SBE 43; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with Fluorometer, Turner Designs, Cyclops-6k 2160-000-R; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with Fluorometer, WET Labs, ECO FLRTD; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with PAR sensor, Biospherical Instruments Inc., QCP2300-HP; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with SPAR Sensor, Biospherical Instruments Inc., QCR2200; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with Transmissometer, WET Labs, C-Star; CTD/Rosette; CTD-R; CTD-RO; DATE/TIME; Density, potential anomaly; DEPTH, water; Event label; Fluorescence, colored dissolved organic matter; HAVOC; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; MOSAiC; MOSAIC_PO; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Oxygen; Oxygen, dissolved; Oxygen saturation; Physical Oceanography @ AWI; Polarstern; Pressure, water; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-129; PS122/1_10-14; PS122/1_10-26; PS122/1_10-33; PS122/1_10-45; PS122/1_11-17; PS122/1_11-24; PS122/1_11-40; PS122/1_4-37; PS122/1_5-40; PS122/1_5-46; PS122/1_5-59; PS122/1_5-8; PS122/1_6-122; PS122/1_6-17; PS122/1_6-18; PS122/1_6-38; PS122/1_7-15; PS122/1_7-40; PS122/1_7-41; PS122/1_7-96; PS122/1_8-16; PS122/1_8-18; PS122/1_9-113; PS122/1_9-28; PS122/1_9-36; PS122/1_9-37; PS122/1_9-46; PS122/1_9-47; PS122/1_9-48; PS122/1_99-78; PS122/1_99-79; PS122/1_99-81; PS122/1_99-82; PS122/2; PS122/2_16-54; PS122/2_16-64; PS122/2_16-94; PS122/2_17-18; PS122/2_17-78; PS122/2_17-8; PS122/2_18-16; PS122/2_18-25; PS122/2_18-81; PS122/2_18-91; PS122/2_19-123; PS122/2_19-18; PS122/2_19-4; PS122/2_19-42; PS122/2_19-89; PS122/2_20-109; PS122/2_20-17; PS122/2_20-2; PS122/2_20-33; PS122/2_21-1; PS122/2_21-101; PS122/2_21-114; PS122/2_21-128; PS122/2_21-26; PS122/2_22-18; PS122/2_22-3; PS122/2_22-49; PS122/2_22-71; PS122/2_23-17; PS122/2_23-4; PS122/2_23-70; PS122/2_24-47; PS122/2_25-26; PS122/2_25-4; PS122/2_99-83; PS122/2_99-84; PS122/2_99-85; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-74; PS122/3_29-8; PS122/3_30-38; PS122/3_30-9; PS122/3_31-18; PS122/3_31-81; PS122/3_32-12; PS122/3_32-75; PS122/3_32-77; PS122/3_33-69; PS122/3_33-71; PS122/3_33-80; PS122/3_33-82; PS122/3_34-17; PS122/3_34-38; PS122/3_34-65; PS122/3_34-67; PS122/3_34-76; PS122/3_34-77; PS122/3_35-25; PS122/3_35-60; PS122/3_35-62; PS122/3_35-63; PS122/3_35-77; PS122/3_35-92; PS122/3_36-115; PS122/3_36-17; PS122/3_36-19; PS122/3_36-59; PS122/3_36-81; PS122/3_36-83; PS122/3_36-85; PS122/3_37-116; PS122/3_37-14; PS122/3_37-15; PS122/3_37-45; PS122/3_37-46; PS122/3_37-88; PS122/3_38-100; PS122/3_38-31; PS122/3_38-5; PS122/3_38-54; PS122/3_38-55; PS122/3_38-69; PS122/3_39-16; PS122/3_39-51; PS122/3_39-52; PS122/3_39-54; PS122/3_39-69; PS122/3_39-70; PS122/3_39-82; PS122/3_99-87; Quality flag, attenuation; Quality flag, chlorophyll; Quality flag, conductivity; Quality flag, conservative water temperature; Quality flag, density; Quality flag, fluorescence, colored dissolved organic matter; Quality flag, irradiance; Quality flag, oxygen; Quality flag, rhodamine; Quality flag, salinity; Quality flag, surface irradiance; Quality flag, water temperature; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Radiation, photosynthetically active, surface; Rhodamine; Ridges - Safe HAVens for ice-associated Flora and Fauna in a Seasonally ice-covered Arctic OCean; Salinity; Salinity, absolute; Seadatanet flag: Data quality control procedures according to SeaDataNet (2010); Temperature, water; Temperature, water, conservative; Temperature, water, potential; WAOW; Why is the deep Arctic Ocean Warming?
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1345775 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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