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  • 1
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    Unknown
    Deciphering the Properties of Different Arctic Ice Types During the Growth Phase of MOSAiC: Implications for Future Studies on Gas Pathways (2022)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: The increased fraction of first year ice (FYI) at the expense of old ice (second-year ice (SYI) and multi-year ice (MYI)) likely affects the permeability of the Arctic ice cover. This in turn influences the pathways of gases circulating therein and the exchange at interfaces with the atmosphere and ocean. We present sea ice temperature and salinity time series from different ice types relevant to temporal development of sea ice permeability and brine drainage efficiency from freeze-up in October to the onset of spring warming in May. Our study is based on a dataset collected during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) Expedition in 2019 and 2020. These physical properties were used to derive sea ice permeability and Rayleigh numbers. The main sites included FYI and SYI. The latter was composed of an upper layer of residual ice that had desalinated but survived the previous summer melt and became SYI. Below this ice a layer of new first-year ice formed. As the layer of new first-year ice has no direct contact with the atmosphere, we call it insulated first-year ice (IFYI). The residual/SYI-layer also contained refrozen melt ponds in some areas. During the freezing season, the residual/SYI-layer was consistently impermeable, acting as barrier for gas exchange between the atmosphere and ocean. While both FYI and SYI temperatures responded similarly to atmospheric warming events, SYI was more resilient to brine volume fraction changes because of its low salinity (〈 2). Furthermore, later bottom ice growth during spring warming was observed for SYI in comparison to FYI. The projected increase in the fraction of more permeable FYI in autumn and spring in the coming decades may favor gas exchange at the atmosphere-ice interface when sea ice acts as a source relative to the atmosphere. While the areal extent of old ice is decreasing, so is its thickness at the onset of freeze-up. Our study sets the foundation for studies on gas dynamics within the ice column and the gas exchange at both ice interfaces, i.e. with the atmosphere and the ocean.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    Cruise track during CGC Healy cruise INARCO to the Bering and Chuchi Sea, 2017-08-27 to 2017-09-12 (2019)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Keywords: Bering Sea; CT; DATE/TIME; Healy; HLY1702; INARCO_I_track; INARCO_I, Ice Nucleation over the ARCtic Ocean; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Sample ID; Underway cruise track measurements
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9716 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Ice nucleating particle data from winter 2018 at Jungfraujoch (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Creamean, Jessie; Mignani, Claudia; Bukowiecki, Nicolas; Conen, Franz (2019): Using freezing spectra characteristics to identify ice-nucleating particle populations during the winter in the Alps. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 19(12), 8123-8140, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-8123-2019
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-30
    Description: Immersion INP spectra from snow, cloud rime, and time- and size-resolved aerosol samples collected during the Ice Nucleation Characterization in the Alps of Switzerland (INCAS) study which took place from 15 February to 11 March 2018 in the Sphinx observatory at Jungfraujoch (46.55 N, 7.98 E; 3580 m above sea level (m a.s.l.).
    Keywords: aerosol-cloud interactions; Air chemistry observatory; File content; File format; File name; File size; ice nucleation; INPs; Jungfraujoch; see README file; SPUSO; Switzerland; Uniform resource locator/link to file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 20 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Ice nucleating particle data from summer 2017 in the Arctic (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Creamean, Jessie; Cross, Jessica; Pickart, Robert; McRaven, Leah; Lin, P; Pacini, A; Hanlon, R; Schmale, David G; Ceniceros, J; Aydell, T; Colombi, N; Bolger, E; DeMott, P J (2019): Ice nucleating particles carried from below a phytoplankton bloom to the Arctic atmosphere. Geophysical Research Letters, 46(14), 8572-8581, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL083039
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-30
    Description: Immersion INP spectra from seawater and time- and size-resolved aerosol samples collected during the frist Ice Nucleation over the ARCtic Ocean (INARCO I) study which took place from 26 August to 12 September 2017 on the U.S. Coast Guard Cutty Healy icebreaker in the Bering and Chukchi Seas.
    Keywords: aerosol-cloud interactions; Arctic aerosol; Arctic INPs; Bering Sea; CT; File content; File format; File name; File size; Healy; HLY1702; ice nucleation; INARCO_I_track; INARCO_I, Ice Nucleation over the ARCtic Ocean; INPs; Underway cruise track measurements; Uniform resource locator/link to file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 18 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Year-round discrete underway water column Chlorophyll a concentrations from the central Arctic (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-12
    Description: Near-daily concentrations of Chlorophyll a and phaeopigments from RV Polarsterns underway water supply system (inlet at 11m water depth) collected during legs 1,3,4, and 5 of the MOSAiC (PS122) drift expedition in the central Arctic Ocean. 2-4L of water were filtered onto pre-combusted GF/F filters (nominal pore size 0.7µm) and frozen at -80°C. Samples were subsequently extracted in 90°C acetone, homogenized using a cell mill, and measured on the following day using a Turner flourometer, followed by an acidification step to determine phaeopigments (see Knap et al. 1996 for details and calculations). Samples were collected from end of October 2019 to beginning of October 2020, with a gap between mid-December and the end of February.
    Keywords: Acidification method according to Knap et al. (1996); Activity description; Arctic Ocean; Cast number; CHLa; Chl-a; Chlorophyll a; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Device type; Event label; LATITUDE; Leg Number; LONGITUDE; Mosaic; MOSAiC; MOSAiC_ECO; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; North Greenland Sea; Phaeopigments; pigments; Pigments, Turner fluorometer; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-109; PS122/1_10-84; PS122/1_10-85; PS122/1_10-86; PS122/1_10-87; PS122/1_10-88; PS122/1_10-89; PS122/1_11-14; PS122/1_11-2; PS122/1_11-26; PS122/1_11-36; PS122/1_11-48; PS122/1_5-42; PS122/1_5-44; PS122/1_5-87; PS122/1_6-88; PS122/1_6-89; PS122/1_6-90; PS122/1_6-91; PS122/1_6-92; PS122/1_6-94; PS122/1_7-115; PS122/1_7-116; PS122/1_7-117; PS122/1_7-118; PS122/1_7-119; PS122/1_7-132; PS122/1_8-127; PS122/1_8-89; PS122/1_8-90; PS122/1_8-91; PS122/1_8-92; PS122/1_8-93; PS122/1_9-112; PS122/1_9-82; PS122/1_9-83; PS122/1_9-84; PS122/1_9-85; PS122/1_9-86; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-78; PS122/3_29-89; PS122/3_30-15; PS122/3_30-49; PS122/3_30-51; PS122/3_30-63; PS122/3_30-80; PS122/3_30-93; PS122/3_31-14; PS122/3_31-27; PS122/3_31-40; PS122/3_31-48; PS122/3_31-58; PS122/3_31-74; PS122/3_31-83; PS122/3_32-20; PS122/3_32-35; PS122/3_32-4; PS122/3_32-47; PS122/3_32-49; PS122/3_32-69; PS122/3_32-87; PS122/3_33-16; PS122/3_33-49; PS122/3_33-54; PS122/3_33-6; PS122/3_33-77; PS122/3_33-94; PS122/3_33-95; PS122/3_34-19; PS122/3_34-33; PS122/3_34-44; PS122/3_34-48; PS122/3_34-6; PS122/3_34-73; PS122/3_34-82; PS122/3_35-101; PS122/3_35-109; PS122/3_35-27; PS122/3_35-45; PS122/3_35-6; PS122/3_35-68; PS122/3_35-86; PS122/3_36-100; PS122/3_36-126; PS122/3_36-136; PS122/3_36-33; PS122/3_36-36; PS122/3_36-7; PS122/3_36-71; PS122/3_37-10; PS122/3_37-106; PS122/3_37-107; PS122/3_37-113; PS122/3_37-13; PS122/3_37-43; PS122/3_37-54; PS122/3_38-153; PS122/3_38-154; PS122/3_38-156; PS122/3_38-23; PS122/3_38-29; PS122/3_38-73; PS122/3_39-118; PS122/3_39-119; PS122/3_39-120; PS122/3_39-121; PS122/3_39-122; PS122/3_39-123; PS122/3_39-124; PS122/3_40-23; PS122/3_40-24; PS122/3_40-25; PS122/3_40-56; PS122/3_40-57; PS122/3_40-58; PS122/3_40-59; PS122/3_41-28; PS122/3_41-29; PS122/3_41-30; PS122/3_41-31; PS122/3_41-39; PS122/3_41-43; PS122/3_41-49; PS122/3_42-15; PS122/3_42-2; PS122/3_42-22; PS122/3_42-36; PS122/3_42-37; PS122/3_42-46; PS122/3_42-54; PS122/3_42-59; PS122/3_42-7; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-104; PS122/4_44-117; PS122/4_44-132; PS122/4_44-148; PS122/4_44-163; PS122/4_44-168; PS122/4_44-176; PS122/4_44-192; PS122/4_44-20; PS122/4_44-21; PS122/4_44-212; PS122/4_44-33; PS122/4_44-40; PS122/4_44-41; PS122/4_44-55; PS122/4_44-66; PS122/4_44-84; PS122/4_44-86; PS122/4_44-93; PS122/4_44-94; PS122/4_45-109; PS122/4_45-110; PS122/4_45-111; PS122/4_45-134; PS122/4_45-27; PS122/4_45-28; PS122/4_45-49; PS122/4_46-10; PS122/4_46-156; PS122/4_46-157; PS122/4_46-158; PS122/4_46-159; PS122/4_46-34; PS122/4_46-54; PS122/4_47-141; PS122/4_47-142; PS122/4_47-15; PS122/4_47-30; PS122/4_47-78; PS122/4_47-79; PS122/4_47-95; PS122/4_48-107; PS122/4_48-108; PS122/4_48-109; PS122/4_48-110; PS122/4_48-16; PS122/4_48-181; PS122/4_48-182; PS122/4_49-104; PS122/4_49-13; PS122/4_49-41; PS122/4_49-42; PS122/4_49-60; PS122/4_49-65; PS122/4_49-84; PS122/4_50-15; PS122/4_50-23; PS122/4_50-33; PS122/4_50-46; PS122/4_50-54; PS122/4_50-6; PS122/4_50-60; PS122/4_50-63; PS122/4_50-76; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-118; PS122/5_59-131; PS122/5_59-150; PS122/5_59-157; PS122/5_59-165; PS122/5_59-166; PS122/5_59-177; PS122/5_59-190; PS122/5_59-205; PS122/5_59-221; PS122/5_59-24; PS122/5_59-257; PS122/5_59-283; PS122/5_59-289; PS122/5_59-3; PS122/5_59-34; PS122/5_59-385; PS122/5_59-386; PS122/5_59-387; PS122/5_59-388; PS122/5_59-48; PS122/5_59-49; PS122/5_59-52; PS122/5_59-54; PS122/5_59-56; PS122/5_59-71; PS122/5_59-9; PS122/5_60-132; PS122/5_60-252; PS122/5_60-253; PS122/5_60-254; PS122/5_60-255; PS122/5_60-256; PS122/5_60-257; PS122/5_61-120; PS122/5_61-121; PS122/5_61-122; PS122/5_61-306; PS122/5_61-307; PS122/5_61-308; PS122/5_61-309; PS122/5_62-245; PS122/5_62-246; PS122/5_62-247; PS122/5_62-248; PS122/5_62-249; PS122/5_62-250; PS122/5_62-251; PS122/5_63-113; PS122/5_63-114; PS122/5_63-147; PS122/5_63-148; PS122/5_63-149; PS122/5_63-22; PS122/5_63-23; PS122/5_63-26; PS122/5_63-65; PS122/5_63-67; PS122/5_63-79; Tap; TAP; under ice; Underway water sampling; UWS; Volume
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3863 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Unknown
    First-year sea-ice salinity, temperature, density, oxygen and hydrogen isotope composition from the main coring site (MCS-FYI) during MOSAiC legs 1 to 4 in 2019/2020 (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-01
    Description: First-year sea-ice thickness, draft, salinity, temperature, and density were measured during near-weekly surveys at the main first-year ice coring site (MCS-FYI) during the MOSAiC expedition (legs 1 to 4). The ice cores were extracted either with a 9-cm (Mark II) or 7.25-cm (Mark III) internal diameter ice corers (Kovacs Enterprise, US). This data set includes data from 23 coring site visits and were performed from 28 October 2019 to 29 July 2020 at coring locations within 130 m to each other in the MOSAiC Central Observatory. During each coring event, ice temperature was measured in situ from a separate temperature core, using Testo 720 thermometers in drill holes with a length of half-core-diameter at 5-cm vertical resolution. Ice bulk practical salinity was measured from melted core sections at 5-cm resolution using a YSI 30 conductivity meter. Ice density was measured using the hydrostatic weighing method (Pustogvar and Kulyakhtin, 2016) from a density core in the freezer laboratory onboard Polarstern at the temperature of –15°C. Relative volumes of brine and gas were estimated from ice salinity, temperature and density using Cox and Weeks (1983) for cold ice and Leppäranta and Manninen (1988) for ice warmer than –2°C. The data contains the event label (1), time (2), and global coordinates (3,4) of each coring measurement and sample IDs (13, 15). Each salinity core has its manually measured ice thickness (5), ice draft (6), core length (7), and mean snow height (22). Each core section has the total length of its top (8) and bottom (9) measured in situ, as well estimated depth of section top (10), bottom (11), and middle (12). The depth estimates assume that the total length of all core sections is equal to the measured ice thickness. Each core section has the value of its practical salinity (14), isotopic values (16, 17, 18) (Meyer et al., 2000), as well as sea ice temperature (19) and ice density (20) interpolated to the depth of salinity measurements. The global coordinates of coring sites were measured directly. When it was not possible, coordinates of the nearby temperature buoy 2019T66 were used. Ice mass balance buoy 2019T66 installation is described in doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.938134. Brine volume (21) fraction estimates are presented only for fraction values from 0 to 30%. Each core section also has comments (23) describing if the sample is from a false bottom, from rafted ice or has any other special characteristics. Macronutrients from the salinity core, and more isotope data will be published in a subsequent version of this data set.
    Keywords: Arctic; Arctic Ocean; Arctic Research Icebreaker Consortium: A strategy for meeting the needs for marine-based research in the Arctic; ARICE; Calculated; Comment; Core length; cores; DATE/TIME; density; Density, ice; Depth, adjusted; Depth, adjusted bottom; Depth, adjusted top; Depth, ice/snow, bottom/maximum; Depth, ice/snow, top/minimum; Deuterium excess; Ecological monitoring; Event label; HAVOC; Hydrostatic weighing; IC; Ice corer; ICEGAUGE; Ice thickness gauge; Isotopic liquid water analyzer; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; MOSAiC; MOSAiC_ECO; MOSAiC_ICE; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Physical properties; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-19; PS122/1_5-3; PS122/1_6-34; PS122/1_7-6; PS122/1_7-97; PS122/1_8-2; PS122/1_9-6; PS122/1_9-93; PS122/2; PS122/2_17-3; PS122/2_19-7; PS122/2_21-13; PS122/2_23-3; PS122/2_24-8; PS122/3; PS122/3_32-63; PS122/3_35-11; PS122/3_36-21; PS122/3_38-24; PS122/3_39-7; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-134; PS122/4_46-18; PS122/4_47-16; PS122/4_48-23; PS122/4_49-34; Ridges - Safe HAVens for ice-associated Flora and Fauna in a Seasonally ice-covered Arctic OCean; Salinity; Salinometer, inductive; Sample ID; Sea ice; Sea ice draft; Sea ice salinity; Sea ice thickness; Snow height; Tape measure; Temperature; Temperature, ice/snow; Thermometer; time-series; Volume, brine; δ18O, water; δ Deuterium, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 7847 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Physical properties of sea ice cores for biogeochemistry studies measured on legs 1 to 3 of the MOSAiC expedition (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-01
    Description: We present sea ice temperature and salinity data from first-year ice (FYI) and second-year ice (SYI) relevant to the temporal development of sea ice permeability and brine drainage efficiency from the early growth phase in October 2019 to the onset of spring warming in May 2020. Our dataset was collected in the central Arctic Ocean during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) Expedition in 2019 to 2020. MOSAiC was an international transpolar drift expedition in which the German icebreaker RV Polarstern anchored into an ice floe to gain new insights into Arctic climate over a full annual cycle. In October 2019, RV Polarstern moored to an ice floe in the Siberian sector of the Arctic at 85 degrees north and 137 degrees east to begin the drift towards the North Pole and the Fram Strait via the Transpolar Drift Stream. The data presented here were collected during the first three legs of the expedition, so all the coring activities took place on the same floe. The end dates of legs 1, 2, and 3 were 13 December, 24 February, and 4 June, respectively. The dataset contributed to a baseline study entitled, Deciphering the properties of different Arctic ice types during the growth phase of the MOSAiC floes: Implications for future studies. The study highlights downward directed gas pathways in FYI and SYI by inferring sea ice permeability and potential brine release from several time series of temperature and salinity measurements. The physical properties presented in this paper lay the foundation for subsequent analyses on actual gas contents measured in the ice cores, as well as air-ice and ice-ocean gas fluxes. Sea ice cores were collected with a Kovacs Mark II 9 cm diameter corer. To measure ice temperatures, about 4.5 cm deep holes were drilled into the core (intervals varied by site and leg) . The temperatures were measured by a digital thermometer within minutes after the cores were retrieved. The ice cores were placed into pre-labelled plastic sleeves sealed at the bottom end. The ice cores were transported to RV Polarstern and stored in a -20 degrees Celsius freezer. Each of the cores was sub-sampled, melted at room temperature, and processed for salinity within one or two days. The practical salinity was estimated by measuring the electrical conductivity and temperature of the melted samples using a WTW Cond 3151 salinometer equipped with a Tetra-Con 325 four-electrode conductivity cell. The practical salinity represents the the salinity estimated from the electrical conductivity of the solution. The dataset also contains derived variables, including sea ice density, brine volume fraction, and the Rayleigh number.
    Keywords: AC3; Arctic Amplification; Arctic Ocean; Arctic Research Icebreaker Consortium: A strategy for meeting the needs for marine-based research in the Arctic; ARICE; brine; first-year ice; HAVOC; MOSAiC; MOSAiC_BGC; MOSAiC_ECO; MOSAiC_ICE; MOSAiC_SNOW; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Ridges - Safe HAVens for ice-associated Flora and Fauna in a Seasonally ice-covered Arctic OCean; Sea ice; second-year ice; Temperature and Salinity
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 6 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Unknown
    Physical properties of sea ice cores from site MCS_FYI measured on legs 1 to 3 of the MOSAiC expedition (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-01
    Description: We present sea ice temperature and salinity data from first-year ice (FYI) and second-year ice (SYI) relevant to the temporal development of sea ice permeability and brine drainage efficiency from the early growth phase in October 2019 to the onset of spring warming in May 2020. Our dataset was collected in the central Arctic Ocean during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) Expedition in 2019 to 2020. MOSAiC was an international transpolar drift expedition in which the German icebreaker RV Polarstern anchored into an ice floe to gain new insights into Arctic climate over a full annual cycle. In October 2019, RV Polarstern moored to an ice floe in the Siberian sector of the Arctic at 85 degrees north and 137 degrees east to begin the drift towards the North Pole and the Fram Strait via the Transpolar Drift Stream. The data presented here were collected during the first three legs of the expedition, so all the coring activities took place on the same floe. The end dates of legs 1, 2, and 3 were 13 December, 24 February, and 4 June, respectively. The dataset contributed to a baseline study entitled, Deciphering the properties of different Arctic ice types during the growth phase of the MOSAiC floes: Implications for future studies. The study highlights downward directed gas pathways in FYI and SYI by inferring sea ice permeability and potential brine release from several time series of temperature and salinity measurements. The physical properties presented in this paper lay the foundation for subsequent analyses on actual gas contents measured in the ice cores, as well as air-ice and ice-ocean gas fluxes. Sea ice cores were collected with a Kovacs Mark II 9 cm diameter corer. To measure ice temperatures, about 4.5 cm deep holes were drilled into the core (intervals varied by site and leg) . The temperatures were measured by a digital thermometer within minutes after the cores were retrieved. The ice cores were placed into pre-labelled plastic sleeves sealed at the bottom end. The ice cores were transported to RV Polarstern and stored in a -20 degrees Celsius freezer. Each of the cores was sub-sampled, melted at room temperature, and processed for salinity within one or two days. The practical salinity was estimated by measuring the electrical conductivity and temperature of the melted samples using a WTW Cond 3151 salinometer equipped with a Tetra-Con 325 four-electrode conductivity cell. The practical salinity represents the the salinity estimated from the electrical conductivity of the solution. The dataset also contains derived variables, including sea ice density, brine volume fraction, and the Rayleigh number.
    Keywords: AC3; after Cox & Weeks (1983); Arctic Amplification; Arctic Ocean; Arctic Research Icebreaker Consortium: A strategy for meeting the needs for marine-based research in the Arctic; ARICE; brine; DATE/TIME; Density, ice; DEPTH, ice/snow; Estimated from electrical conductivity and temperature of the melted ice samples; Event label; first-year ice; HAVOC; IC; Ice corer; Linear interpolation at the midpoint of the sample based on the measurements from the ice temperature profile; MOSAiC; MOSAiC_BGC; MOSAiC_ECO; MOSAiC_ICE; MOSAiC_SNOW; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-19; PS122/1_5-3; PS122/1_6-34; PS122/1_7-6; PS122/1_8-2; PS122/1_9-6; PS122/2; PS122/2_17-3; PS122/2_19-7; PS122/2_21-13; PS122/2_23-3; PS122/2_24-8; PS122/3; PS122/3_32-63; PS122/3_35-11; PS122/3_36-21; PS122/3_38-24; PS122/3_39-7; Rayleigh number; Ridges - Safe HAVens for ice-associated Flora and Fauna in a Seasonally ice-covered Arctic OCean; Salinity; Sea ice; second-year ice; see comment; Site; Temperature, ice/snow; Temperature and Salinity; Utility; Volume, brine
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2653 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Physical properties of sea ice cores from site MCS-SYI measured on legs 1 to 3 of the MOSAiC expedition (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-01
    Description: We present sea ice temperature and salinity data from first-year ice (FYI) and second-year ice (SYI) relevant to the temporal development of sea ice permeability and brine drainage efficiency from the early growth phase in October 2019 to the onset of spring warming in May 2020. Our dataset was collected in the central Arctic Ocean during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) Expedition in 2019 to 2020. MOSAiC was an international transpolar drift expedition in which the German icebreaker RV Polarstern anchored into an ice floe to gain new insights into Arctic climate over a full annual cycle. In October 2019, RV Polarstern moored to an ice floe in the Siberian sector of the Arctic at 85 degrees north and 137 degrees east to begin the drift towards the North Pole and the Fram Strait via the Transpolar Drift Stream. The data presented here were collected during the first three legs of the expedition, so all the coring activities took place on the same floe. The end dates of legs 1, 2, and 3 were 13 December, 24 February, and 4 June, respectively. The dataset contributed to a baseline study entitled, Deciphering the properties of different Arctic ice types during the growth phase of the MOSAiC floes: Implications for future studies. The study highlights downward directed gas pathways in FYI and SYI by inferring sea ice permeability and potential brine release from several time series of temperature and salinity measurements. The physical properties presented in this paper lay the foundation for subsequent analyses on actual gas contents measured in the ice cores, as well as air-ice and ice-ocean gas fluxes. Sea ice cores were collected with a Kovacs Mark II 9 cm diameter corer. To measure ice temperatures, about 4.5 cm deep holes were drilled into the core (intervals varied by site and leg) . The temperatures were measured by a digital thermometer within minutes after the cores were retrieved. The ice cores were placed into pre-labelled plastic sleeves sealed at the bottom end. The ice cores were transported to RV Polarstern and stored in a -20 degrees Celsius freezer. Each of the cores was sub-sampled, melted at room temperature, and processed for salinity within one or two days. The practical salinity was estimated by measuring the electrical conductivity and temperature of the melted samples using a WTW Cond 3151 salinometer equipped with a Tetra-Con 325 four-electrode conductivity cell. The practical salinity represents the the salinity estimated from the electrical conductivity of the solution. The dataset also contains derived variables, including sea ice density, brine volume fraction, and the Rayleigh number.
    Keywords: AC3; after Cox & Weeks (1983); Arctic Amplification; Arctic Ocean; Arctic Research Icebreaker Consortium: A strategy for meeting the needs for marine-based research in the Arctic; ARICE; brine; DATE/TIME; Density, ice; DEPTH, ice/snow; Estimated from electrical conductivity and temperature of the melted ice samples; Event label; first-year ice; HAVOC; IC; Ice corer; Linear interpolation at the midpoint of the sample based on the measurements from the ice temperature profile; MOSAiC; MOSAiC_BGC; MOSAiC_ECO; MOSAiC_ICE; MOSAiC_SNOW; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-16; PS122/1_5-78; PS122/1_6-36; PS122/1_7-9; PS122/1_9-11; PS122/2; PS122/2_20-5; PS122/2_22-7; PS122/2_25-15; PS122/3; PS122/3_33-18; PS122/3_36-4; PS122/3_38-16; PS122/3_39-18; Rayleigh number; Ridges - Safe HAVens for ice-associated Flora and Fauna in a Seasonally ice-covered Arctic OCean; Salinity; Sea ice; second-year ice; see comment; Site; Temperature, ice/snow; Temperature and Salinity; Utility; Volume, brine
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2331 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 10
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    Physical oceanography based on Ocean City CTD during POLARSTERN cruise PS122 (2023)
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    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-20
    Description: This data set contains the hydrographic profile data collected with a CTD rosette in a shelter on the ice (Ocean City) during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC). The CTD is an SBE911plus with 12 bottles, 5 liters each, operated with a small winch and crane in the shelter on the ice. The data set contains calibrated and quality-controlled parameters (temperature, conductivity, oxygen and their derived variables) as well as only pre-cruise calibrated parameters where no post-cruise calibration or quality control was applied (all other). CDOM fluorescence data are the exception. Quality control was performed but data have to be handled with care, as the sensor seems to have broken down during leg 3 such that no post-cruise calibration could be applied. The data are provided as text file (all cruise legs in one file) as well as in netCDF format (one file per cruise leg). The accuracy for salinity and conductivity is 0.004 while the accuracy for temperature is 0.002. Additional information on the sensor used for the final data set, the water depth as well as the availability of profile or bottle data is given in a separate info-text-file. Contact: Sandra.Tippenhauer@awi.de Quality flags are given based on paragraph 6. "Quality flags" from https://www.seadatanet.org/content/download/596/file/SeaDataNet_QC_procedures_V2_%28May_2010%29.pdf. QC flag meanings: 0 = unknown, 1 = good_data, 2 = probably good_data, 3 = probably bad data, 4 = bad data set to nan. This work was carried out and data was produced as part of the international Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of the Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) with the tag MOSAiC20192020. We thank all persons involved in the expedition of the Research Vessel Polarstern during MOSAiC in 2019-2020 (AWI_PS122_00) as listed in Nixdorf et al. (2021).
    Keywords: Advective Pathways of nutrients and key Ecological substances in the ARctic; APEAR; Arctic Ocean; Attenuation, optical beam transmission; AWI_PhyOce; Chlorophyll a; Conductivity; CTD; CTD, Seabird; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus, measured with Temperature sensor, Sea-Bird, SBE3plus; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; Calculation according to Bittig et al. (2018); CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; Calculation according to McDougall and Barker (2011); CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with Conductivity sensor, Sea-Bird, SBE 4; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with Dissolved oxygen sensor, Sea-Bird, SBE 43; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with Fluorometer, Turner Designs, Cyclops-6k 2160-000-R; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with Fluorometer, WET Labs, ECO FLRTD; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with PAR sensor, Biospherical Instruments Inc., QCP2300-HP; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with SPAR Sensor, Biospherical Instruments Inc., QCR2200; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with Transmissometer, WET Labs, C-Star; CTD/Rosette; CTD-R; CTD-RO; DATE/TIME; Density, potential anomaly; DEPTH, water; Event label; Fluorescence, colored dissolved organic matter; HAVOC; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; MOSAiC; MOSAIC_PO; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Oxygen; Oxygen, dissolved; Oxygen saturation; Physical Oceanography @ AWI; Polarstern; Pressure, water; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-129; PS122/1_10-14; PS122/1_10-26; PS122/1_10-33; PS122/1_10-45; PS122/1_11-17; PS122/1_11-24; PS122/1_11-40; PS122/1_4-37; PS122/1_5-40; PS122/1_5-46; PS122/1_5-59; PS122/1_5-8; PS122/1_6-122; PS122/1_6-17; PS122/1_6-18; PS122/1_6-38; PS122/1_7-15; PS122/1_7-40; PS122/1_7-41; PS122/1_7-96; PS122/1_8-16; PS122/1_8-18; PS122/1_9-113; PS122/1_9-28; PS122/1_9-36; PS122/1_9-37; PS122/1_9-46; PS122/1_9-47; PS122/1_9-48; PS122/1_99-78; PS122/1_99-79; PS122/1_99-81; PS122/1_99-82; PS122/2; PS122/2_16-54; PS122/2_16-64; PS122/2_16-94; PS122/2_17-18; PS122/2_17-78; PS122/2_17-8; PS122/2_18-16; PS122/2_18-25; PS122/2_18-81; PS122/2_18-91; PS122/2_19-123; PS122/2_19-18; PS122/2_19-4; PS122/2_19-42; PS122/2_19-89; PS122/2_20-109; PS122/2_20-17; PS122/2_20-2; PS122/2_20-33; PS122/2_21-1; PS122/2_21-101; PS122/2_21-114; PS122/2_21-128; PS122/2_21-26; PS122/2_22-18; PS122/2_22-3; PS122/2_22-49; PS122/2_22-71; PS122/2_23-17; PS122/2_23-4; PS122/2_23-70; PS122/2_24-47; PS122/2_25-26; PS122/2_25-4; PS122/2_99-83; PS122/2_99-84; PS122/2_99-85; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-74; PS122/3_29-8; PS122/3_30-38; PS122/3_30-9; PS122/3_31-18; PS122/3_31-81; PS122/3_32-12; PS122/3_32-75; PS122/3_32-77; PS122/3_33-69; PS122/3_33-71; PS122/3_33-80; PS122/3_33-82; PS122/3_34-17; PS122/3_34-38; PS122/3_34-65; PS122/3_34-67; PS122/3_34-76; PS122/3_34-77; PS122/3_35-25; PS122/3_35-60; PS122/3_35-62; PS122/3_35-63; PS122/3_35-77; PS122/3_35-92; PS122/3_36-115; PS122/3_36-17; PS122/3_36-19; PS122/3_36-59; PS122/3_36-81; PS122/3_36-83; PS122/3_36-85; PS122/3_37-116; PS122/3_37-14; PS122/3_37-15; PS122/3_37-45; PS122/3_37-46; PS122/3_37-88; PS122/3_38-100; PS122/3_38-31; PS122/3_38-5; PS122/3_38-54; PS122/3_38-55; PS122/3_38-69; PS122/3_39-16; PS122/3_39-51; PS122/3_39-52; PS122/3_39-54; PS122/3_39-69; PS122/3_39-70; PS122/3_39-82; PS122/3_99-87; Quality flag, attenuation; Quality flag, chlorophyll; Quality flag, conductivity; Quality flag, conservative water temperature; Quality flag, density; Quality flag, fluorescence, colored dissolved organic matter; Quality flag, irradiance; Quality flag, oxygen; Quality flag, rhodamine; Quality flag, salinity; Quality flag, surface irradiance; Quality flag, water temperature; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Radiation, photosynthetically active, surface; Rhodamine; Ridges - Safe HAVens for ice-associated Flora and Fauna in a Seasonally ice-covered Arctic OCean; Salinity; Salinity, absolute; Seadatanet flag: Data quality control procedures according to SeaDataNet (2010); Temperature, water; Temperature, water, conservative; Temperature, water, potential; WAOW; Why is the deep Arctic Ocean Warming?
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1345775 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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