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  • 1
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    Influence of a salt plume parameterization in a coupled climate model (2018)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Wiley, ISSN: 1942-2466
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-04-11
    Beschreibung: Sea ice formation is accompanied by the rejection of salt which in nature tends to be mixed vertically by the formation of convective plumes. Here we analyze the influence of a salt plume parameterization (SPP) in an atmosphere-sea ice-ocean model. Two 330 years long simulations have been conducted with the AWI Climate Model. In the reference simulation, the rejected salt in the Arctic Ocean is added to the upper-most ocean layer. This approach is commonly used in climate modelling. In another experiment, employing SPP, the rejected salt is vertically redistributed within the mixed layer based on a power law profile that mimics the penetration of salt plumes. We discuss the effects of this redistribution on the simulated mean state and on atmosphere-ocean linkages associated with the intensity of deep water formation. We find that the salt plume parametrization leads to simultaneous increase of sea ice (volume and concentration) and decrease of sea surface salinity in the Arctic. The SPP considerably alters the interplay between the atmosphere and the ocean in the Nordic Seas. The parameterization modifies the ocean ventilation; however, resulting changes in temperature and salinity largely compensate each other in terms of density so that the overturning circulation is not significantly affected.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , isiRev
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  • 2
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    Evaluation of FESOM2.0 Coupled to ECHAM6.3: Preindustrial and HighResMIP Simulations (2019)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Wiley, 11(11), pp. 3794-3815, ISSN: 1942-2466
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-02-16
    Beschreibung: A new global climate model setup using FESOM2.0 for the sea ice‐ocean component and ECHAM6.3 for the atmosphere and land surface has been developed. Replacing FESOM1.4 by FESOM2.0 promises a higher efficiency of the new climate setup compared to its predecessor. The new setup allows for long‐term climate integrations using a locally eddy‐resolving ocean. Here it is evaluated in terms of (1) the mean state and long‐term drift under preindustrial climate conditions, (2) the fidelity in simulating the historical warming, and (3) differences between coarse and eddy‐resolving ocean configurations. The results show that the realism of the new climate setup is overall within the range of existing models. In terms of oceanic temperatures, the historical warming signal is of smaller amplitude than the model drift in case of a relatively short spin‐up. However, it is argued that the strategy of “de‐drifting” climate runs after the short spin‐up, proposed by the HighResMIP protocol, allows one to isolate the warming signal. Moreover, the eddy‐permitting/resolving ocean setup shows notable improvements regarding the simulation of oceanic surface temperatures, in particular in the Southern Ocean.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , isiRev , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 3
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    Assessment of the Finite-volumE Sea ice-Ocean Model (FESOM2.0) - Part 1: Description of selected key model elements and comparison to its predecessor version (2019)
    COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
    In:  EPIC3Geoscientific Model Development, COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH, 12(11), pp. 4875-4899, ISSN: 1991-9603
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-05-15
    Beschreibung: The evaluation and model element description of the second version of the unstructured-mesh Finite-volumE Sea ice-Ocean Model (FESOM2.0) are presented. The new version of the model takes advantage of the finite-volume approach, whereas its predecessor version, FESOM1.4 was based on the finite-element approach. The model sensitivity to arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) linear and nonlinear free-surface formulation, Gent–McWilliams eddy parameterization, isoneutral Redi diffusion and different vertical mixing schemes is documented. The hydrographic biases, large-scale circulation, numerical performance and scalability of FESOM2.0 are compared with its predecessor, FESOM1.4. FESOM2.0 shows biases with a magnitude comparable to FESOM1.4 and simulates a more realistic Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). Compared to its predecessor, FESOM2.0 provides clearly defined fluxes and a 3 times higher throughput in terms of simulated years per day (SYPD). It is thus the first mature global unstructured-mesh ocean model with computational efficiency comparable to state-of-the-art structured-mesh ocean models. Other key elements of the model and new development will be described in follow-up papers.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , isiRev
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  • 4
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    A MSFD complementary approach for the assessment of pressures, knowledge and data gaps in Southern European Seas: The PERSEUS experience (2015)
    PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
    In:  EPIC3Marine Pollution Bulletin, PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 95(1), pp. 28-39, ISSN: 0025-326X
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-10-02
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , isiRev
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  • 5
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    Reaching the 1.5 degree limit: what does it mean for West Antarctica and the global mean sea level? (2017)
    European Meteorological Society
    In:  EPIC3EMS Annual Meeting 2017, Dublin, Ireland, 2017-09-04-2017-09-08Dublin, Ireland, European Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-01-02
    Beschreibung: What are the benefits of limiting the global warming to 1.5 degree with respect to pre-industrial conditions for the vulnerable region of West Antarctica which might be prone to positive feedback mechanisms between ocean circulation, melting of shelf ice and instabilities of the ice sheet? There are indications that West Antarctic ice sheet instabilities have occurred in the Last Interglacial around 125.000 years ago. At that time the polar surface temperature was about 2K warmer than today. The question under which circumstances a tipping point may be reached and if this may happen again is therefore highly relevant, especially since a disintegration of the West Antarctic ice sheet could cause a global sea level rise between 3 and 5 m. Here we address this question with variable resolution, global coupled ice sheet - shelf ice - ocean - atmosphere multi-century simulations. With our innovative ocean modelling approach in the Finite Element Sea-ice Ocean Model FESOM it is possible to refine the ocean resolution to up to 3 km in the Amundsen Sea and 10 km around the whole Antarctica while keeping it relatively coarse in the order of a couple of hundred km in dynamically not very active regions such as the subtropical regions. This means that we can simulate the feedback between ocean and ice in the relevant regions highly resolved given that the ice sheet model runs at a resolution of 5 to 10 km. Three different emission scenarios are applied up to 2100, two of them limiting the global mean temperature increase to 1.5 ◦ C and 2 ◦ C respectively and one of them assuming business-as-usual conditions (IPCC SRES RCP8.5 scenario). The simulations are extended to 2400 with the greenhouse gas and aerosol concentrations kept constant at 2100 levels, respectively, to be able to simulate the long-term implications of different global warming levels.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Conference , notRev
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  • 6
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    Modelling the ocean circulation underneath the Filchner-Ronne ice shelf : What is the role of vertical discretization? (2018)
    In:  EPIC3Forum for Research into Ice Shelf Processess, Paul Langevin Center, Aussois, 2018-09-03-2018-09-06
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-10-02
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Conference , notRev
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  • 7
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    A Finite Element Modeling Study of the Turkish Straits System (2016)
    TUDAV
    In:  EPIC3The Sea of Marmara Marine Biodiversity, Fisheries, Conservation and Governance, Istanbul, TURKEY, TUDAV, 15 p., pp. 169-184, ISBN: ISBN 978-975-8825-34
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-12-31
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Inbook , peerRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    Abruptly attenuated carbon sequestration with Weddell Sea dense waters towards the end of the 21st century (2022)
    In:  EPIC3Ocean Sciences Meeting, 28 Feb 2022 - 04 March 2022 (online)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-03-07
    Beschreibung: Antarctic Bottom Water formation, such as in the Weddell Sea, is an efficient vector for carbon sequestration on time scales of centuries. Yet, possible changes in carbon sequestration under changing environmental conditions are unquantified to date, mainly due to difficulties in simulating the relevant processes on high-latitude continental shelves. Using a model setup including both ice-shelf cavities and oceanic carbon cycling, we demonstrate that by 2100, deep-ocean carbon accumulation in the southern Weddell Sea is abruptly attenuated to only 40% of the rate in the 1990s in a high-emission scenario, while still being 4-fold higher in the 2080s. By assessing deep-ocean carbon budgets and water mass transformations, we show that this decline can be attributed to an increased presence of Warm Deep Water on the southern Weddell Sea continental shelf, a 16% reduction in sea-ice formation, and a 79% increase in ice-shelf basal melt. Altogether, these changes lower the density and volume of newly formed bottom waters and reduce the associated carbon transport to the abyss.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Conference , notRev
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  • 9
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    Brief communication: A submarine wall protecting the Amundsen Sea intensifies melting of neighboring ice shelves (2019)
    COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
    In:  EPIC3The Cryosphere, COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH, 13(9), pp. 2317-2324, ISSN: 1994-0424
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-11-04
    Beschreibung: Disintegration of ice shelves in the Amundsen Sea, in front of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, has the potential to cause sea level rise by inducing an acceleration of ice discharge from upstream grounded ice. Moore et al. (2018) proposed that using a submarine wall to block the penetration of warm water into the subsurface cavities of these ice shelves could reduce this risk. We use a global sea ice–ocean model to show that a wall shielding the Amundsen Sea below 350 m depth successfully suppresses the inflow of warm water and reduces ice shelf melting. However, these warm water masses get redirected towards neighboring ice shelves, which reduces the net effectiveness of the wall. The ice loss is reduced by 10 %, integrated over the entire Antarctic continent.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , isiRev
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  • 10
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    Evaluation of air-sea CO2 fluxes in the ocean-ecosystem model FESOM-REcoM and in the Global Carbon Budget Models (2020)
    In:  EPIC3Ocean Sciences Meeting 2020, San Diego, USA, 2020-02-16-2020-02-21
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-10-02
    Beschreibung: We assessed air-sea CO2 fluxes in the ocean circulation ecosystem model FESOM-REcoM. FESOM is a finite element sea ice-ocean model, with a variable resolution ocean mesh. The mesh used here has a nominal resolution of 150 km in the open ocean and reaches 25 km in the tropics and in the Arctic region. While FESOM-REcoM has previously been used to study biogeochemical cycles and physics-ecosystem interactions, we have now evaluated the air-sea CO2 exchange in a preindustrial control simulation and in a historical simulation with varying climate and increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations. We evaluate the total annual CO2 uptake and its regional distribution of the historical run and compare modelled pCO2 to observed pCO2 from the SOCAT data-base. The relative interannual variability mismatch and RMSE are similar to that calculated with the same biogeochemical model coupled to the MITgcm ocean circulation model. These numbers and further metrics for model evaluation e.g. natural CO2 fluxes, mismatch time-series, seasonal cycle are set into context by providing the same evaluation for the Global Carbon Budget (GCB) Models. This closes a gap, as these estimates of the ocean carbon sink are used in the community, but their performance has not been documented in detail. We’ll further present methodological updates to the ocean carbon sink estimate in the latest GCB release.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Conference , notRev
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