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  • 1
    Keywords: Artificial intelligence. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (616 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783031208621
    Series Statement: Lecture Notes in Computer Science Series ; v.13629
    DDC: 006.3
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Keywords: Artificial intelligence-Design and construction. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (667 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783031208683
    Series Statement: Lecture Notes in Computer Science Series ; v.13631
    DDC: 006.3
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Preface -- Organization -- Contents - Part III -- Recommender System -- Mixture of Graph Enhanced Expert Networks for Multi-task Recommendation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Proposed Method -- 2.1 Deep Interaction Context Exploitation with Multi-channel Graph Neural Network -- 2.2 Graph Enhanced Expert Network -- 2.3 Model Learning -- 2.4 Discussion -- 3 Experiments -- 3.1 Performance Comparison (RQ1) -- 3.2 Effect of the MGNN Module -- 3.3 Study of MoGENet -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- MF-TagRec: Multi-feature Fused Tag Recommendation for GitHub -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 2.1 Tag Recommendation -- 2.2 Tag Recommendation in Open-Source Communities -- 3 Method -- 3.1 Problem Formulation -- 3.2 Overview of MF-TagRec -- 3.3 CNN for Tag Prediction -- 3.4 Network Training Process -- 4 Experiments -- 4.1 Experimental Dataset -- 4.2 Evaluation Metrics -- 4.3 Experimental Settings -- 4.4 Experimental Results -- 5 Conclusions and Future Work -- References -- Co-contrastive Learning for Multi-behavior Recommendation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preliminaries -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Interactive View Encoder -- 3.2 Fold View Encoder -- 3.3 Divergence Constraint -- 3.4 Co-contrastive Learning -- 3.5 Efficient Joint Learning Without Sampling -- 4 Experiments -- 4.1 Datasets -- 4.2 Compared Models -- 4.3 Experimental Settings -- 4.4 Performance Comparison -- 4.5 Effectiveness Analysis on Data Sparsity Issue -- 4.6 Ablation Study -- 4.7 Parameter Sensitivity Analysis -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Pattern Matching and Information-Aware Between Reviews and Ratings for Recommendation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 The Proposed MIAN Model -- 3.1 Global Matching Module -- 3.2 Specific Matching Module -- 3.3 Information-Aware Layer -- 3.4 Interaction Aggregation Layer -- 3.5 Joint Learning of Review Matching and Rating Prediction. , 4 Experiments -- 4.1 Experimental Settings -- 4.2 Overall Performance (RQ1) -- 4.3 Ablation Experimental Study (RQ2) -- 4.4 Case Study (RQ3) -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Cross-View Contrastive Learning for Knowledge-Aware Session-Based Recommendation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Notations and Problem Statement -- 3 Method -- 3.1 View Generation -- 3.2 Dual-channel Graph View Encoder -- 3.3 Contrastive Learning and Recommendation -- 4 Experiments -- 4.1 Experimental Settings -- 4.2 Over Performance -- 4.3 Model Ablation Study -- 4.4 Handling Different Session Lengths -- 4.5 Hyperparameter Study -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Reinforcement Learning -- HiSA: Facilitating Efficient Multi-Agent Coordination and Cooperation by Hierarchical Policy with Shared Attention -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preliminaries and Related Work -- 2.1 Communicative Decentralized Partially Observable Markov Decision Process -- 2.2 Communicative Methods in MAS -- 2.3 Attention Mechanism -- 2.4 Hierarchical Policy with Attention -- 3 Method -- 3.1 Shared Attention Map for Communication -- 3.2 Hierarchical Structure with Shared Attention Mechanism -- 3.3 HiSA for Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning -- 4 Experiments -- 4.1 Experimental Setup -- 4.2 Experiments on the StarCraft Multi-Agent Challenge -- 4.3 Experiments on the Overcooked -- 5 Summary and Outlook -- References -- DDMA: Discrepancy-Driven Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Preliminary -- 3.1 Partially Observable Stochastic Game -- 3.2 Reinforcement Learning -- 4 Method -- 4.1 Initialization of the Multi-agent Policy -- 4.2 Focused Learning of the Multi-agent Policy -- 4.3 Training -- 5 Experiments -- 5.1 Collision Corridor -- 5.2 MPE Scenarios -- 5.3 Ablation Study -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- PRAG: Periodic Regularized Action Gradient for Efficient Continuous Control. , 1 Introduction -- 2 Background -- 3 From TD-Error to Action Gradient Error -- 3.1 TD-Error and TD-Learning -- 3.2 Action Gradient Error and Action Gradient Regularizer -- 3.3 Periodic Regularized Action Gradient Algorithm -- 4 Experiment -- 4.1 Overall Performance -- 4.2 Ablation Study -- 4.3 Parameter Study -- 5 Related Work -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Identifying Multiple Influential Nodes for Complex Networks Based on Multi-agent Deep Reinforcement Learning -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Problem Formulation -- 3 Multi-agent Identification Framework -- 3.1 General Framework of MAIF -- 3.2 Framework Elements -- 3.3 Independent Actor-Critic Model -- 3.4 Counterfactual Multi-agent (COMA) Policy Gradients and Gate Recurrent Unit (GRU) Network -- 4 Experimental Preliminaries -- 4.1 Dataset -- 4.2 Comparison Method -- 4.3 Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) Model -- 5 Experimental Results -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Online Learning in Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma to Mimic Human Behavior -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Background -- 4 Experimental Setup -- 4.1 Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma (IPD) -- 4.2 Behavioral Cloning with Demonstration Rewards -- 4.3 Online Learning Agents -- 5 Results: Algorithms' Tournament -- 5.1 Multi-agent Tournament -- 6 Behavioral Cloning with Human Data -- 7 Clinical Evidences and Implications -- 8 Discussion -- 9 Conclusion -- References -- Optimizing Exploration-Exploitation Trade-off in Continuous Action Spaces via Q-ensemble -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Preliminaries -- 4 Proposed Method -- 4.1 Ensemble-Based Exploration Strategy -- 4.2 Selective Repeat Update -- 5 Experiments -- 5.1 Parameter Settings -- 5.2 Comparative Evaluation -- 5.3 Ablation Study -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Hidden Information General Game Playing with Deep Learning and Search -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background. , 2.1 General Game Playing -- 2.2 Generalised AlphaZero -- 2.3 Recursive Belief-Based Learning -- 3 Method -- 3.1 Propositional Networks for GDL-II -- 3.2 Sampling GDL-II States -- 3.3 CFR Search -- 3.4 Reinforcement Learning -- 4 Experiments -- 4.1 Evaluation Methodology -- 4.2 Results and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Sequential Decision Making with ``Sequential Information'' in Deep Reinforcement Learning -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Background -- 3.1 Deep Reinforcement Learning -- 3.2 Depthwise Separable Convolution -- 3.3 3D Temporal Convolution -- 4 Temporal Aggregation Network in DRL -- 5 Experiments -- 5.1 Experimental Setup -- 5.2 Results Analysis -- 6 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Two-Stream Communication-Efficient Federated Pruning Network -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Proposed Method -- 2.1 Preliminary -- 2.2 Downstream Compression via DRL Agent -- 2.3 Upstream Compression Based on Proximal Operator -- 3 Experimental Setup and Results -- 3.1 Compared Methods -- 3.2 Datasets and Simulation Settings -- 3.3 Experiment Results -- 3.4 Ablation Study -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Strong General AI -- Multi-scale Lightweight Neural Network for Real-Time Object Detection -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Network Architecture -- 3.2 Fast Down-Sampling Module -- 3.3 Reduced Computational Block -- 3.4 Detection Part -- 4 Experiments -- 4.1 Experiments Setup -- 4.2 Results -- 4.3 Ablation Study -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Hyperspectral Image Classification Based on Transformer and Generative Adversarial Network -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 2.1 Superpixelwise PCA -- 2.2 Auxiliary Classifier GANs -- 3 Proposed Method -- 3.1 The Framework of the Proposed SPCA-TransGAN -- 3.2 The Network Framework of Generator. , 3.3 The Network Framework of Multi-scale Discriminator -- 4 Experimental Results and Analysis -- 4.1 DataSets -- 4.2 Classification Results on Two Data Sets -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Deliberation Selector for Knowledge-Grounded Conversation Generation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Approach -- 3.1 Problem Statement -- 3.2 Model Description -- 4 Experiments -- 4.1 Datasets -- 4.2 Evaluation Metrics -- 4.3 Baselines -- 4.4 Supplementary Details -- 4.5 Experimental Results -- 4.6 Ablation Test -- 4.7 Case Study -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Training a Lightweight ViT Network for Image Retrieval -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Knowledge Distillation with Relaxed Contrastive Loss -- 2.2 Quantized Heterogeneous Knowledge Distillation -- 2.3 Distillation Heterogeneous Quantization for Multi-exit Networks -- 3 Experiments -- 3.1 Experimental Setup -- 3.2 Comprehensive Comparison Results -- 3.3 Analysis of Distillation Quantization of Multi-exit Networks -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Vision and Perception -- Segmented-Original Image Pairs to Facilitate Feature Extraction in Deep Learning Models -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Datasets -- 2.2 Segmented-Original Image Pair Training Method -- 3 Experiments -- 3.1 Segmentation Algorithm -- 3.2 Classification Tasks -- 3.3 Unsupervised Learning Tasks -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- FusionSeg: Motion Segmentation by Jointly Exploiting Frames and Events -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 2.1 Motion Segmentation -- 2.2 Visual Transformer -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Input Representation -- 3.2 Network Architecture -- 3.3 Feature Fusion Method -- 3.4 Multi-Object Association -- 3.5 Feature Matching and Propagation -- 4 Experiment and Results -- 4.1 Implementation Details -- 4.2 Overview of Datasets -- 4.3 Discussion of Results -- 5 Conclusions and Future Work -- References. , Weakly-Supervised Temporal Action Localization with Multi-Head Cross-Modal Attention.
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  • 3
    Keywords: Artificial intelligence. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (562 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783031208652
    Series Statement: Lecture Notes in Computer Science Series ; v.13630
    DDC: 006.3
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2021-06-07
    Description: The Last Interglacial period (LIG) is a period with increased summer insolation at high northern latitudes, which results in strong changes in the terrestrial and marine cryosphere. Understanding the mechanisms for this response via climate modelling and comparing the models' representation of climate reconstructions is one of the objectives set up by the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project for its contribution to the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. Here we analyse the results from 16 climate models in terms of Arctic sea ice. The multi-model mean reduction in minimum sea ice area from the pre industrial period (PI) to the LIG reaches 50 % (multi-model mean LIG area is 3.20×106 km2, compared to 6.46×106 km2 for the PI). On the other hand, there is little change for the maximum sea ice area (which is 15–16×106 km2 for both the PI and the LIG. To evaluate the model results we synthesise LIG sea ice data from marine cores collected in the Arctic Ocean, Nordic Seas and northern North Atlantic. The reconstructions for the northern North Atlantic show year-round ice-free conditions, and most models yield results in agreement with these reconstructions. Model–data disagreement appear for the sites in the Nordic Seas close to Greenland and at the edge of the Arctic Ocean. The northernmost site with good chronology, for which a sea ice concentration larger than 75 % is reconstructed even in summer, discriminates those models which simulate too little sea ice. However, the remaining models appear to simulate too much sea ice over the two sites south of the northernmost one, for which the reconstructed sea ice cover is seasonal. Hence models either underestimate or overestimate sea ice cover for the LIG, and their bias does not appear to be related to their bias for the pre-industrial period. Drivers for the inter-model differences are different phasing of the up and down short-wave anomalies over the Arctic Ocean, which are associated with differences in model albedo; possible cloud property differences, in terms of optical depth; and LIG ocean circulation changes which occur for some, but not all, LIG simulations. Finally, we note that inter-comparisons between the LIG simulations and simulations for future climate with moderate (1 % yr−1) CO2 increase show a relationship between LIG sea ice and sea ice simulated under CO2 increase around the years of doubling CO2. The LIG may therefore yield insight into likely 21st century Arctic sea ice changes using these LIG simulations.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2017-11-20
    Description: The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 21 000 years ago) is one of the suite of paleoclimate simulations included in the current phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). It is an interval when insolation was similar to the present, but global ice volume was at a maximum, eustatic sea level was at or close to a minimum, greenhouse gas concentrations were lower, atmospheric aerosol loadings were higher than today, and vegetation and land-surface characteristics were different from today. The LGM has been a focus for the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) since its inception, and thus many of the problems that might be associated with simulating such a radically different climate are well documented. The LGM state provides an ideal case study for evaluating climate model performance because the changes in forcing and temperature between the LGM and pre-industrial are of the same order of magnitude as those projected for the end of the 21st century. Thus, the CMIP6 LGM experiment could provide additional information that can be used to constrain estimates of climate sensitivity. The design of the Tier 1 LGM experiment (lgm) includes an assessment of uncertainties in boundary conditions, in particular through the use of different reconstructions of the ice sheets and of the change in dust forcing. Additional (Tier 2) sensitivity experiments have been designed to quantify feedbacks associated with land-surface changes and aerosol loadings, and to isolate the role of individual forcings. Model analysis and evaluation will capitalize on the relative abundance of paleoenvironmental observations and quantitative climate reconstructions already available for the LGM.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2021-08-25
    Description: The mid-Holocene (6000 years ago) is a standard time period for the evaluation of the simulated response of global climate models using palaeoclimate reconstructions. The latest mid-Holocene simulations are a palaeoclimate entry card for the Palaeoclimate Model Intercomparison Project (PMIP4) component of the current phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) – hereafter referred to as PMIP4-CMIP6. Here we provide an initial analysis and evaluation of the results of the experiment for the mid-Holocene. We show that state-of-the-art models produce climate changes that are broadly consistent with theory and observations, including increased summer warming of the Northern Hemisphere and associated shifts in tropical rainfall. Many features of the PMIP4-CMIP6 simulations were present in the previous generation (PMIP3-CMIP5) of simulations. The PMIP4-CMIP6 ensemble for the mid-Holocene has a global mean temperature change of −0.3 K, which is −0.2 K cooler than the PMIP3-CMIP5 simulations predominantly as a result of the prescription of realistic greenhouse gas concentrations in PMIP4-CMIP6. Biases in the magnitude and the sign of regional responses identified in PMIP3-CMIP5, such as the amplification of the northern African monsoon, precipitation changes over Europe, and simulated aridity in mid-Eurasia, are still present in the PMIP4-CMIP6 simulations. Despite these issues, PMIP4-CMIP6 and the mid-Holocene provide an opportunity both for quantitative evaluation and derivation of emergent constraints on the hydrological cycle, feedback strength, and potentially climate sensitivity.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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