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  • PANGAEA  (9)
  • Public Library of Science  (2)
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  • 1
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    Enhanced transfer of organic matter to higher trophic levels caused by ocean acidification and its implications for export production: A mass balance approach (2018)
    Public Library of Science
    In:  PLoS ONE, 13 (5). e0197502.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-04-23
    Description: Ongoing acidification of the ocean through uptake of anthropogenic CO2 is known to affect marine biota and ecosystems with largely unknown consequences for marine food webs. Changes in food web structure have the potential to alter trophic transfer, partitioning, and biogeochemical cycling of elements in the ocean. Here we investigated the impact of realistic end-of-the-century CO2 concentrations on the development and partitioning of the carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and silica pools in a coastal pelagic ecosystem (Gullmar Fjord, Sweden). We covered the entire winter-to-summer plankton succession (100 days) in two sets of five pelagic mesocosms, with one set being CO2 enriched (~760 μatm pCO2) and the other one left at ambient CO2 concentrations. Elemental mass balances were calculated and we highlight important challenges and uncertainties we have faced in the closed mesocosm system. Our key observations under high CO2 were: (1) A significantly amplified transfer of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus from primary producers to higher trophic levels, during times of regenerated primary production. (2) A prolonged retention of all three elements in the pelagic food web that significantly reduced nitrogen and phosphorus sedimentation by about 11 and 9%, respectively. (3) A positive trend in carbon fixation (relative to nitrogen) that appeared in the particulate matter pool as well as the downward particle flux. This excess carbon counteracted a potential reduction in carbon sedimentation that could have been expected from patterns of nitrogen and phosphorus fluxes. Our findings highlight the potential for ocean acidification to alter partitioning and cycling of carbon and nutrients in the surface ocean but also show that impacts are temporarily variable and likely depending upon the structure of the plankton food web.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197502
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    Influence of Ocean Acidification on a Natural Winter-to-Summer Plankton Succession: First Insights from a Long-Term Mesocosm Study Draw Attention to Periods of Low Nutrient Concentrations (2016)
    Public Library of Science
    In:  PLoS ONE, 11 (8). e0159068.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-04-23
    Description: Every year, the oceans absorb about 30% of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) leading to a re-equilibration of the marine carbonate system and decreasing seawater pH. Today, there is increasing awareness that these changes–summarized by the term ocean acidification (OA)–could differentially affect the competitive ability of marine organisms, thereby provoking a restructuring of marine ecosystems and biogeochemical element cycles. In winter 2013, we deployed ten pelagic mesocosms in the Gullmar Fjord at the Swedish west coast in order to study the effect of OA on plankton ecology and biogeochemistry under close to natural conditions. Five of the ten mesocosms were left unperturbed and served as controls (~380 μatm pCO2), whereas the others were enriched with CO2-saturated water to simulate realistic end-of-the-century carbonate chemistry conditions (~760 μatm pCO2). We ran the experiment for 113 days which allowed us to study the influence of high CO2 on an entire winter-to-summer plankton succession and to investigate the potential of some plankton organisms for evolutionary adaptation to OA in their natural environment. This paper is the first in a PLOS collection and provides a detailed overview on the experimental design, important events, and the key complexities of such a “long-term mesocosm” approach. Furthermore, we analyzed whether simulated end-of-the-century carbonate chemistry conditions could lead to a significant restructuring of the plankton community in the course of the succession. At the level of detail analyzed in this overview paper we found that CO2-induced differences in plankton community composition were non-detectable during most of the succession except for a period where a phytoplankton bloom was fueled by remineralized nutrients. These results indicate: (1) Long-term studies with pelagic ecosystems are necessary to uncover OA-sensitive stages of succession. (2) Plankton communities fueled by regenerated nutrients may be more responsive to changing carbonate chemistry than those having access to high inorganic nutrient concentrations and may deserve particular attention in future studies.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159068
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Temporal biomass dynamics of an Arctic plankton bloom (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Schulz, Kai Georg; Bellerby, Richard G J; Brussaard, Corina P D; Büdenbender, Jan; Czerny, Jan; Engel, Anja; Fischer, Matthias; Krug, Sebastian; Lischka, Silke; Koch-Klavsen, Stephanie; Ludwig, Andrea; Meyerhöfer, Michael; Nondal, G; Silyakova, Anna; Stuhr, Annegret; Riebesell, Ulf (2013): Temporal biomass dynamics of an Arctic plankton bloom in response to increasing levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Biogeosciences, 10(1), 161-180, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-161-2013
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-21
    Description: Ocean acidification and carbonation, driven by anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), have been shown to affect a variety of marine organisms and are likely to change ecosystem functioning. High latitudes, especially the Arctic, will be the first to encounter profound changes in carbonate chemistry speciation at a large scale, namely the under-saturation of surface waters with respect to aragonite, a calcium carbonate polymorph produced by several organisms in this region. During a CO2 perturbation study in 2010, in the framework of the EU-funded project EPOCA, the temporal dynamics of a plankton bloom was followed in nine mesocosms, manipulated for CO2 levels ranging initially from about 185 to 1420 matm. Dissolved inorganic nutrients were added halfway through the experiment. Autotrophic biomass, as identified by chlorophyll a standing stocks (Chl a), peaked three times in all mesocosms. However, while absolute Chl a concentrations were similar in all mesocosms during the first phase of the experiment, higher autotrophic biomass was measured at high in comparison to low CO2 during the second phase, right after dissolved inorganic nutrient addition. This trend then reversed in the third phase. There were several statistically significant CO2 effects on a variety of parameters measured in certain phases, such as nutrient utilization, standing stocks of particulate organic matter, and phytoplankton species composition. Interestingly, CO2 effects developed slowly but steadily, becoming more and more statistically significant with time. The observed CO2 related shifts in nutrient flow into different phytoplankton groups (mainly diatoms, dinoflagellates, prasinophytes and haptophytes) could have consequences for future organic matter flow to higher trophic levels and export production, with consequences for ecosystem productivity and atmospheric CO2.
    Keywords: BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    KOSMOS Finland 2012 mesocosm study: primary production and respiration (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Finnish Environment Institute | Supplement to: Spilling, Kristian; Paul, Allanah Joy; Virkkala, Niklas; Hastings, Tom; Lischka, Silke; Stuhr, Annegret; Bermúdez Monsalve, Rafael; Czerny, Jan; Boxhammer, Tim; Schulz, Kai Georg; Ludwig, Andrea; Riebesell, Ulf (2016): Ocean acidification decreases plankton respiration: evidence from a mesocosm experiment. Biogeosciences, 13(16), 4707-4719, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4707-2016
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-06
    Description: Anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are reducing the pH in the world's oceans. The plankton community is a key component driving biogeochemical fluxes, and the effect of increased CO2 on plankton is critical for understanding the ramifications of ocean acidification on global carbon fluxes. We determined the plankton community composition and measured primary production, respiration rates and carbon export (defined here as carbon sinking out of a shallow, coastal area) during an ocean acidification experiment. Mesocosms (~ 55 m3) were set up in the Baltic Sea with a gradient of CO2 levels initially ranging from ambient (~ 240 µatm), used as control, to high CO2 (up to ~ 1330 µatm). The phytoplankton community was dominated by dinoflagellates, diatoms, cyanobacteria and chlorophytes, and the zooplankton community by protozoans, heterotrophic dinoflagellates and cladocerans. The plankton community composition was relatively homogenous between treatments. Community respiration rates were lower at high CO2 levels. The carbon-normalized respiration was approximately 40 % lower in the high CO2 environment compared with the controls during the latter phase of the experiment. We did not, however, detect any effect of increased CO2 on primary production. This could be due to measurement uncertainty, as the measured total particular carbon (TPC) and combined results presented in this special issue suggest that the reduced respiration rate translated into higher net carbon fixation. The percent carbon derived from microscopy counts (both phyto- and zooplankton), of the measured total particular carbon (TPC) decreased from ~ 26 % at t0 to ~ 8 % at t31, probably driven by a shift towards smaller plankton (〈 4 µm) not enumerated by microscopy. Our results suggest that reduced respiration lead to increased net carbon fixation at high CO2. However, the increased primary production did not translate into increased carbon export, and did consequently not work as a negative feedback mechanism for increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration.
    Keywords: BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; KOSMOS_2012_Tvaerminne; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; Phase; Primary production, carbon assimilation (24 hr.), integrated; Respiration rate, oxygen
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1218 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Mesozooplankton community development at elevated CO2 (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Niehoff, Barbara; Schmithüsen, Holger; Knüppel, Nadine; Daase, M; Czerny, Jan; Boxhammer, Tim (2013): Mesozooplankton community development at elevated CO2 concentrations: results from a mesocosm experiment in an Arctic fjord. Biogeosciences, 10(3), 1391-1406, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-1391-2013
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: The increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere caused by burning fossil fuels leads to increasing pCO2 and decreasing pH in the world ocean. These changes may have severe consequences for marine biota, especially in cold-water ecosystems due to higher solubility of CO2. However, studies on the response of mesozooplankton communities to elevated CO2 are still lacking. In order to test whether abundance and taxonomic composition change with pCO2, we have sampled nine mesocosms, which were deployed in Kongsfjorden, an Arctic fjord at Svalbard, and were adjusted to eight CO2 concentrations, initially ranging from 185 µatm to 1420 µatm. Vertical net hauls were taken weekly over about one month with an Apstein net (55 µm mesh size) in all mesocosms and the surrounding fjord. In addition, sediment trap samples, taken every second day in the mesocosms, were analysed to account for losses due to vertical migration and mortality. The taxonomic analysis revealed that meroplanktonic larvae (Cirripedia, Polychaeta, Bivalvia, Gastropoda, and Decapoda) dominated in the mesocosms while copepods (Calanus spp., Oithona similis, Acartia longiremis and Microsetella norvegica) were found in lower abundances. In the fjord copepods prevailed for most of our study. With time, abundance and taxonomic composition developed similarly in all mesocosms and the pCO2 had no significant effect on the overall community structure. Also, we did not find significant relationships between the pCO2 level and the abundance of single taxa. Changes in heterogeneous communities are, however, difficult to detect, and the exposure to elevated pCO2 was relatively short. We therefore suggest that future mesocosm experiments should be run for longer periods.
    Keywords: Acartia longiremis; Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Arctic; Bicarbonate ion; BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification; Biological sample; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; BIOS; Bivalvia; Calanus sp., female; Calanus spp., c1; Calanus spp., c2; Calanus spp., c3; Calanus spp., c4; Calanus spp., c5; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, partial pressure; Cirripedia, cypris; Cirripedia, nauplii; Coast and continental shelf; Copepoda; DATE/TIME; Entire community; Euphausiidae; Experiment day; Field experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gastropoda; Kongsfjorden; Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen, Arctic; Location type; Mesocosm or benthocosm; Microsetella norvegica; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Oithona similis; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; Polar; Polychaeta; Salinity; Sample code/label; Temperature, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 6544 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Ocean acidification decreases plankton respiration: evidence from a mesocosm experiment (2016)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Baltic Sea; Bicarbonate ion; BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; Dissolved silica, colorimetric (Mullin & Riley, 1955); Entire community; Field experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); KOSMOS_2012_Tvaerminne; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; Mesocosm or benthocosm; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; Phase; Phosphorus, inorganic, dissolved; Primary production, carbon assimilation (24 hr.), integrated; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen; Salinity; Silicate; Temperate; Temperature, water; Type
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 5145 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and biogeochemical parameters were measured or calculated in 2013 during a long-term mesocosm CO2 perturbation study in Gullmar Fjord (Sweden) (2018)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Keywords: AA; Alkalinity, total; Ammonium; Aragonite saturation state; Autoanalyzer; Bicarbonate ion; Biogenic silica; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Calcite saturation state; Calculated; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, organic, dissolved; Carbon, total, particulate; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbon analyser; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chlorophyll a; CN-analyser; Coast and continental shelf; Coulometric titration; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; Entire community; Event label; Field experiment; Fluorometric; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gullmar Fjord, Skagerrak, Sweden; Hand-operated CTD (Sea&Sun Technology, CTD 60M); High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC); KOSMOS_2013_Mesocosm-M1; KOSMOS_2013_Mesocosm-M10; KOSMOS_2013_Mesocosm-M2; KOSMOS_2013_Mesocosm-M3; KOSMOS_2013_Mesocosm-M4; KOSMOS_2013_Mesocosm-M5; KOSMOS_2013_Mesocosm-M6; KOSMOS_2013_Mesocosm-M7; KOSMOS_2013_Mesocosm-M8; KOSMOS_2013_Mesocosm-M9; KOSMOS 2013; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; Mesocosm or benthocosm; Mesozooplankton, biomass as carbon; Mesozooplankton, biomass as nitrogen; Mesozooplankton, biomass as phosphorus; Nitrate and Nitrite; Nitrogen, organic, dissolved; Nitrogen, total, particulate; Nitrogen, total dissolved; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; Phosphate; Phosphorus, organic, dissolved; Phosphorus, particulate; Phosphorus, total dissolved; Salinity; Silicate; Spectrophotometric; Temperate; Temperature, water; Type; Vertical flux, biogenic silica; Vertical flux, biogenic silica, cumulated; Vertical flux, carbon; Vertical flux, carbon, cumulated; Vertical flux, nitrogen; Vertical flux, nitrogen, cumulated; Vertical flux, phosphorus; Vertical flux, phosphorus, cumulated; Volume
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 27282 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Svalbard 2010 team (2010): EPOCA Svalbard mesocosm experiment 2010 depth-integrated (0-12m) variables (2013)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Keywords: 19-Butanoyloxyfucoxanthin; 1-Iodoethane; 1-Iodopropane; 2-Iodopropane; Algae, biomass as carbon; Algae, fatty acids; Algae abundance; Alkaline phosphatase; Alkalinity, Gran titration (Gran, 1950); Alkalinity, total; Alloxanthin; alpha-Carotene, beta,epsilon-Carotene; Ammonium; Aphanizophyll; Aragonite saturation state; Arctic; Bacteria; Bacteria, biomass as carbon; Bacteria, fatty acids; Bacteria, high DNA fluorescence; Bacteria, low DNA fluorescence; Bacterial/community respiration, oxygen, ratio; Bacterial biomass production of carbon; Bacterial biomass production of carbon, standard deviation; Bacterial production; Bacterial production, standard deviation; beta-Carotene, beta,beta-Carotene; Bicarbonate ion; BIOACID; Biogenic silica; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bromochloromethane; Bromoiodomethane; Calanus finmarchicus, δ13C; Calcite saturation state; Calculated; Calculated from linear regression; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, particulate; Carbon, organic, dissolved; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbon, total, particulate; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, flux per mesocosm; Chloroiodomethane; Chlorophyll a; Chlorophyll a, areal concentration; Chlorophyll b; Chlorophyll c1+c2; Chlorophyll c3; Chlorophytes; Cirripedia, larvae, δ13C; Coast and continental shelf; Community composition and diversity; Coulometry; Cryptophytes; Cyanobacteria, biomass per area; DATE/TIME; delta 13C labeling method; Diadinoxanthin; Diatoxanthin; Dibromochloromethane; Dibromomethane; Diiodomethane; Dimethyl sulfide, dissolved; Dimethylsulfoniopropionate; Entire community; EPOCA; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; Exudation as determined by 14C DOC production; Exudation as determined by 14C DOC production, standard deviation; Field experiment; Flow cytometry; Fucoxanthin; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gas chromatography - Mass spectrometry (GC-MS); GC-PFPD; Gross community production of oxygen; Hand-operated CTD (Sea&Sun Technology, CTD 60M); High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC); Identification; Iodomethane; Kongsfjorden-mesocosm; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm or benthocosm; Myxoxanthophyll; Nanoplankton; Neoxanthin; Net community production, standard deviation; Net community production of carbon dioxide; Net community production of oxygen; Nitrate; Nitrite; Nitrogen, organic, dissolved; Nitrogen, organic, particulate; Nitrous oxide; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other metabolic rates; Oxygen; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; Peridinin; pH; Phosphate; Phosphorus, organic, dissolved; Phosphorus, organic, particulate; Phytoplankton, biomass per area; Picophytoplankton; Polar; Prasinoxanthin; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Primary production of POC as determined by 14C POC production; Primary production of POC as determined by 14C POC production, standard deviation; Pulsed flame photometric detector - gas chromatography; Respiration; Respiration, oxygen, bacterial; Respiration, oxygen, bacterial, standard error; Respiration, oxygen, community; Respiration, oxygen, community, standard error; Salinity; Sample comment; Sigmas; Silicon; Svalbard; Temperature, water; Thymidine incorporation; Time, incubation; Transfer velocity, carbon dioxide; Transfer velocity, dimethyl sulfide; Transfer velocity, nitrous oxide; Tribromomethane; Turbidity (Formazin Turbidity Unit); Violaxanthin; Viral abundance; Virus/bacteria ratio; Viruses; Water content of mesocosm; Zeaxanthin; Δδ13C; δ13C, algae; δ13C, bacteria; δ13C, dissolved inorganic carbon; δ13C, dissolved organic carbon; δ13C, particulate organic carbon
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 35076 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and processes during experiments with cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena, 2009 (2009)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Czerny, Jan; Barcelos e Ramos, Joana; Riebesell, Ulf (2009): Influence of elevated CO2 concentrations on cell division and nitrogen fixation rates in the bloom-forming cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena. Biogeosciences, 6(9), 1865-1875, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-1865-2009
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: The surface ocean absorbs large quantities of the CO2 emitted to the atmosphere from human activities. As this CO2 dissolves in seawater, it reacts to form carbonic acid. While this phenomenon, called ocean acidification, has been found to adversely affect many calcifying organisms, some photosynthetic organisms appear to benefit from increasing [CO2]. Among these is the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium, a predominant diazotroph (nitrogen-fixing) in large parts of the oligotrophic oceans, which responded with increased carbon and nitrogen fixation at elevated pCO2. With the mechanism underlying this CO2 stimulation still unknown, the question arises whether this is a common response of diazotrophic cyanobacteria. In this study we therefore investigate the physiological response of Nodularia spumigena, a heterocystous bloom-forming diazotroph of the Baltic Sea, to CO2-induced changes in seawater carbonate chemistry. N. spumigena reacted to seawater acidification/carbonation with reduced cell division rates and nitrogen fixation rates, accompanied by significant changes in carbon and phosphorus quota and elemental composition of the formed biomass. Possible explanations for the contrasting physiological responses of Nodularia compared to Trichodesmium may be found in the different ecological strategies of non-heterocystous (Trichodesmium) and heterocystous (Nodularia) cyanobacteria.
    Keywords: Acetylene reduction; Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Automated segmented-flow analyzer (Quaatro); Bacteria; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbonate ion; Carbon dioxide; Carbon per cell; Cell division rate; Chlorophyll a; Counting from image; Cyanobacteria; Czerny_etal_09; Duration, number of days; Element analyser CNS, EURO EA; EPOCA; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; EXP; Experiment; Experimental treatment; Fluorometry; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Nitrogen, organic, particulate; Nitrogen fixation rate, per cell; Nitrogen per cell; Nodularia spumigena; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other metabolic rates; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate organic carbon production per cell; Particulate organic phosphorus production per cell; Pelagos; pH; Phosphate; Phosphorus, organic, particulate; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Production of particulate organic nitrogen; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Salinity; Single species; SOPRAN; Spectrophotometer Hitachi U-2000; Surface Ocean Processes in the Anthropocene; Temperature, water; Titration potentiometric
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 614 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    Competitive fitness of a predominant pelagic calcifier impaired by ocean acidification (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Riebesell, Ulf; Bach, Lennart Thomas; Bellerby, Richard G J; Bermúdez Monsalve, Rafael; Boxhammer, Tim; Czerny, Jan; Larsen, Aud; Ludwig, Andrea; Schulz, Kai Georg (2017): Competitive fitness of a predominant pelagic calcifier impaired by ocean acidification. Nature Geoscience, 10(1), 19-23, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2854
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-27
    Description: Coccolithophores -single-celled calcifying phytoplankton- are an important group of marine primary producers and the dominant builders of calcium carbonate globally. Coccolithophores form extensive blooms and increase the density and sinking speed of organic matter via calcium carbonate ballasting. Thereby, they play a key role in the marine carbon cycle. Coccolithophore physiological responses to experimental ocean acidification have ranged from moderate stimulation to substantial decline in growth and calcification rates, combined with enhanced malformation of their calcite platelets. Here we report on a mesocosm experiment conducted in a Norwegian fjord in which we exposed a natural plankton community to a wide range of CO2-induced ocean acidification, to test whether these physiological responses affect the ecological success of coccolithophore populations. Under high-CO2 treatments, Emiliania huxleyi, the most abundant and productive coccolithophore species, declined in population size during the pre-bloom period and lost the ability to form blooms. As a result, particle sinking velocities declined by up to 30% and sedimented organic matter was reduced by up to 25% relative to controls. There were also strong reductions in seawater concentrations of the climate-active compound dimethylsulfide in CO2-enriched mesocosms. We conclude that ocean acidification can lower calcifying phytoplankton productivity, potentially creating a positive feedback to the climate system.
    Keywords: BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
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