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  • 2020-2024  (3)
  • 2010-2014  (9)
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  • 1
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    Effect of ocean acidification on the fatty acid composition of a natural plankton community (2013)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
    In:  Biogeosciences (BG), 10 . pp. 1143-1153.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: The effect of ocean acidification on the fatty acid composition of a natural plankton community in the Arctic was studied in a large-scale mesocosm experiment, carried out in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard, Norway) at 79° N. Nine mesocosms of ~50 m3 each were exposed to 8 different pCO2 levels (from natural background conditions to ~1420 μatm), yielding pH values (on the total scale) from ~8.3 to 7.5. Inorganic nutrients were added on day 13. The phytoplankton development during this 30-day experiment passed three distinct phases: (1) prior to the addition of inorganic nutrients, (2) first bloom after nutrient addition, and (3) second bloom after nutrient addition. The fatty acid composition of the natural plankton community was analysed and showed, in general, high percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs): 44–60% of total fatty acids. Positive correlations with pCO2 were found for most PUFAs during phases 2 and/or 3, with the exception of 20:5n3 (eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA), an important diatom marker. These correlations are probably linked to changes in taxonomic composition in response to pCO2. While diatoms (together with prasinophytes and haptophytes) increased during phase 3 mainly in the low and intermediate pCO2 treatments, dinoflagellates were favoured by high CO2 concentrations during the same time period. This is reflected in the development of group-specific fatty acid trophic markers. No indications were found for a generally detrimental effect of ocean acidification on the planktonic food quality in terms of essential fatty acids.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-10-1143-2013
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    Temporal biomass dynamics of an Arctic plankton bloom in response to increasing levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (2013)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
    In:  Biogeosciences (BG), 10 . pp. 161-180.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Ocean acidification and carbonation, driven by anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), have been shown to affect a variety of marine organisms and are likely to change ecosystem functioning. High latitudes, especially the Arctic, will be the first to encounter profound changes in carbonate chemistry speciation at a large scale, namely the under-saturation of surface waters with respect to aragonite, a calcium carbonate polymorph produced by several organisms in this region. During a CO2 perturbation study in 2010, in the framework of the EU-funded project EPOCA, the temporal dynamics of a plankton bloom was followed in nine mesocosms, manipulated for CO2 levels ranging initially from about 185 to 1420 μatm. Dissolved inorganic nutrients were added halfway through the experiment. Autotrophic biomass, as identified by chlorophyll a standing stocks (Chl a), peaked three times in all mesocosms. However, while absolute Chl a concentrations were similar in all mesocosms during the first phase of the experiment, higher autotrophic biomass was measured at high in comparison to low CO2 during the second phase, right after dissolved inorganic nutrient addition. This trend then reversed in the third phase. There were several statistically significant CO2 effects on a variety of parameters measured in certain phases, such as nutrient utilization, standing stocks of particulate organic matter, and phytoplankton species composition. Interestingly, CO2 effects developed slowly but steadily, becoming more and more statistically significant with time. The observed CO2 related shifts in nutrient flow into different phytoplankton groups (mainly diatoms, dinoflagellates, prasinophytes and haptophytes) could have consequences for future organic matter flow to higher trophic levels and export production, with consequences for ecosystem productivity and atmospheric CO2.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-10-161-2013
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    High tolerance of protozooplankton to ocean acidification in an Arctic coastal plankton community (2013)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
    In:  Biogeosciences (BG), 10 (3). pp. 1472-1481.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Impacts of ocean acidification (OA) on marine biota have been observed in a wide range of marine systems. We used a mesocosm approach to study the response of a high Arctic coastal protozooplankton (PZP in the following) community during the post-bloom period in the Kongsfjorden (Svalbard) to direct and indirect effects of high pCO2/low pH. We found almost no direct effects of OA on PZP composition and diversity. Both, the relative shares of ciliates and heterotrophic dinoflagellates as well as the taxonomic composition of protozoans remained unaffected by changes in pCO2/pH. The different pCO2 treatments did not have any effect on food availability and phytoplankton composition and thus no indirect effects e.g. on the total carrying capacity and phenology of PZP could be observed. Our data points at a high tolerance of this Arctic PZP community to changes in pCO2/pH. Future studies on the impact of OA on plankton communities should include PZP in order to test whether the observed low sensitivity of protozoans to OA is typical for coastal communities where changes in seawater pH occur frequently.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-10-1471-2013
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Insight into the fate of newly-fixed nitrogen in a high-CO2 ocean (2014)
    In:  [Talk] In: IMBER Open Science Conference FUTURE OCEAN, 23.-27.06.2014, Bergen, Norway .
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-04-23
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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    OceanRep: Talk
  • 5
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    Effect of warmer winter temperature on the match/mismatch of fish larvae and their prey – a field study in Kiel Fjord (2011)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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    OceanRep: Talk
  • 6
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    Nutrient composition (Si:N) as driver of plankton communities during artificial upwelling (2022)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Artificial upwelling brings nutrient-rich deep water to the sun-lit surface to boost fisheries or carbon sequestration. Deep water sources under consideration range widely in inorganic silicon (Si) relative to nitrogen (N). Yet, little is known about how such differences in nutrient composition may influence the effectiveness of the fertilization. Si is essential primarily for diatoms that may increase food web and export efficiency via their large size and ballasting mineral shells, respectively. With a month-long mesocosm study in the subtropical North Atlantic, we tested the biological response to artificial upwelling with varying Si:N ratios (0.07-1.33). Community biomass increased 10-fold across all mesocosms, indicating that basic bloom dynamics were upheld despite the wide range in nutrient composition. Key properties of these blooms, however, were influenced by Si. Photosynthetic capacity and nutrient-use efficiency doubled from Si-poor to Si-rich upwelling, leading to C:N ratios as high as 17, well beyond Redfield. Si-rich upwelling also resulted in 6-fold higher diatom abundance and mineralized Si and a corresponding shift from smaller towards larger phytoplankton. The pronounced change in both plankton quantity (biomass) and quality (C:N ratio, size and mineral ballast) for trophic transfer and export underlines the pivotal role of Si in shaping the response of oligotrophic regions to upwelled nutrients. Our findings indicate a benefit of active Si management during artificial upwelling with the potential to optimize fisheries production and CO2 removal.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    Effect of warmer winter temperature on the match/mismatch of fish larvae and their prey – a field study in Kiel Fjord (2010)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-31
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    OceanRep: Talk
  • 8
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    Temporal biomass dynamics of an Arctic plankton bloom (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Schulz, Kai Georg; Bellerby, Richard G J; Brussaard, Corina P D; Büdenbender, Jan; Czerny, Jan; Engel, Anja; Fischer, Matthias; Krug, Sebastian; Lischka, Silke; Koch-Klavsen, Stephanie; Ludwig, Andrea; Meyerhöfer, Michael; Nondal, G; Silyakova, Anna; Stuhr, Annegret; Riebesell, Ulf (2013): Temporal biomass dynamics of an Arctic plankton bloom in response to increasing levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Biogeosciences, 10(1), 161-180, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-161-2013
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-21
    Description: Ocean acidification and carbonation, driven by anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), have been shown to affect a variety of marine organisms and are likely to change ecosystem functioning. High latitudes, especially the Arctic, will be the first to encounter profound changes in carbonate chemistry speciation at a large scale, namely the under-saturation of surface waters with respect to aragonite, a calcium carbonate polymorph produced by several organisms in this region. During a CO2 perturbation study in 2010, in the framework of the EU-funded project EPOCA, the temporal dynamics of a plankton bloom was followed in nine mesocosms, manipulated for CO2 levels ranging initially from about 185 to 1420 matm. Dissolved inorganic nutrients were added halfway through the experiment. Autotrophic biomass, as identified by chlorophyll a standing stocks (Chl a), peaked three times in all mesocosms. However, while absolute Chl a concentrations were similar in all mesocosms during the first phase of the experiment, higher autotrophic biomass was measured at high in comparison to low CO2 during the second phase, right after dissolved inorganic nutrient addition. This trend then reversed in the third phase. There were several statistically significant CO2 effects on a variety of parameters measured in certain phases, such as nutrient utilization, standing stocks of particulate organic matter, and phytoplankton species composition. Interestingly, CO2 effects developed slowly but steadily, becoming more and more statistically significant with time. The observed CO2 related shifts in nutrient flow into different phytoplankton groups (mainly diatoms, dinoflagellates, prasinophytes and haptophytes) could have consequences for future organic matter flow to higher trophic levels and export production, with consequences for ecosystem productivity and atmospheric CO2.
    Keywords: BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    KOSMOS mesocosm experiment Gran Canaria 2019 on testing the effect of nutrient composition (Si:N) during artificial upwelling: microzooplankton, mesozooplankton and toxins (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-27
    Description: Microzooplankton (microZP, protists) and mesozooplankton (mesoZP, metazoans) abundances and biomass as well as presence of domoic acid (DA, phycotoxin) during the mesocosm experiment in the Canary Islands in autumn 2019. Depth-integrated (0-2.5m) water samples were taken over the course of 33 days, in 2-day intervals for microZP and mesoZP and 4-day intervals for DA. MicroZP was assessed by Utermöhl light microscopy and its biomass estimated using biovolume to carbon conversion factors from the literature. MesoZP samples were split into three size fractions (55-200, 200-500 and 〉500 µm), preserved with 70% ethanol and assessed under a stereo microscope. For biomass, mesoZP were measured in an element analyser. MesoZP data is provided for copepods only (dominant group) and all metazoan zooplankton combined (mainly copepods and appendicularians). For DA, particulate matter was filtered (〉0.7µm) and analysed via liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. The upwelling treatment started on day 6. Methodological details in Goldenberg et al. (doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.1015188) and Goldenberg et al. (under review).
    Keywords: AQUACOSM; artificial upwelling; Canarias Sea; carbon dioxide removal; CDRmare; Ciliates, heterotrophic; Ciliates, heterotrophic, biomass as carbon; Copepoda; Copepoda, biomass as carbon; Copepoda, nauplii; DAM CDRmare - Test-ArtUp: Road testing ocean artificial upwelling; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; Depth, water, experiment, bottom/maximum; Depth, water, experiment, top/minimum; diatoms; Dinoflagellates; Dinoflagellates, biomass as carbon; Domoic acid; Domoic acid per unit mass particulate organic carbon; Event label; Field experiment; GC2019; KOSMOS; KOSMOS_2019; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M1; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M2; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M3; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M4; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M5; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M6; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M7; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M8; KOSMOS Gran Canaria; MESO; mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; Mesozooplankton; Mesozooplankton, biomass as carbon; negative emission technology; Network of Leading European AQUAtic MesoCOSM Facilities Connecting Mountains to Oceans from the Arctic to the Mediterranean; Ocean Artificial Upwelling; Ocean-artUp; ocean fertilization; Phase description; plankton food web; Protista, heterotrophic; Protista, heterotrophic, biomass as carbon; Research Mission of the German Marine Research Alliance (DAM): Marine carbon sinks in decarbonisation pathways; Size fraction 〉 500 µm; Size fraction 〉 55 µm; Size fraction 200-500 µm; Size fraction 55-200 µm; Test-ArtUp; Treatment; trophic transfer; Type of study
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4332 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    KOSMOS mesocosm experiment Gran Canaria 2019 on testing the effect of nutrient composition (Si:N) during artificial upwelling: phytoplankton microscopy (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-29
    Description: Abundance and biovolume data of the community of larger phytoplankton from the mesocosm experiment conducted in the Canary Islands in autumn 2019. Depth-integrated (0-2.5m) water samples were taken in 2-days intervals over the course of 33 days and autotrophic taxa assessed to the lowest taxonomic level possible using Utermöhl microscopy. Only taxa larger than approx. 〉5 µm could be considered with this method. Biovolume was calculated based on geometrical measurements (dominant taxa) or the literature (rare taxa). Carbon biomass estimates were purposefully not provided, as the standard literature conversion factors from biovolume to carbon biomass did not apply to many of our samples, likely due to low carbon density within cells. Predominantly mixotrophic or heterotrophic taxa are not provided in this dataset. The upwelling treatment started on day 6. Methodological details in Goldenberg et al. (doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.1015188).
    Keywords: Amphora sp.; Amphora sp., biovolume; AQUACOSM; artificial upwelling; Calculated; Canarias Sea; carbon dioxide removal; CDRmare; Cerataulina pelagica; Cerataulina pelagica, biovolume; Chaetoceros cf. aequatorialis; Chaetoceros cf. aequatorialis, biovolume; Chaetoceros cf. compressus; Chaetoceros cf. compressus, biovolume; Chaetoceros cf. curvisetus; Chaetoceros cf. curvisetus, biovolume; Chaetoceros cf. lauderi; Chaetoceros cf. lauderi, biovolume; Chaetoceros cf. lorenzianus; Chaetoceros cf. lorenzianus, biovolume; Chaetoceros cf. tenuissimus; Chaetoceros cf. tenuissimus, biovolume; Chaetoceros decipiens; Chaetoceros decipiens, biovolume; Chaetoceros densus; Chaetoceros densus, biovolume; Chrysochromulina sp.; Chrysochromulina sp., biovolume; Climacodium cf. frauenfeldianum; Climacodium cf. frauenfeldianum, biovolume; Coccolithophoridae, biovolume; Coccolithophoridae, total; Coscinodiscus cf. pavillardii; Coscinodiscus cf. pavillardii, biovolume; Coscinodiscus sp.; Coscinodiscus sp., biovolume; Cylindrotheca closterium; Cylindrotheca closterium, biovolume; Cylindrotheca sp.; Cylindrotheca sp., biovolume; Dactyliosolen cf. blavyanus; Dactyliosolen cf. blavyanus, biovolume; Dactyliosolen cf. fragilissimus; Dactyliosolen cf. fragilissimus, biovolume; DAM CDRmare - Test-ArtUp: Road testing ocean artificial upwelling; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; diatoms; Diatoms; Diatoms, biovolume; Dictyocha fibula; Dictyocha fibula, biovolume; Diploneis sp.; Diploneis sp., biovolume; Event label; Flagellates; Flagellates, biovolume; Flagellates indeterminata, oval; Flagellates indeterminata, oval, biovolume; GC2019; Guinardia delicatula; Guinardia delicatula, biovolume; Guinardia striata; Guinardia striata, biovolume; Hemiaulus cf. sinensis; Hemiaulus cf. sinensis, biovolume; KOSMOS; KOSMOS_2019; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M1; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M2; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M3; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M4; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M5; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M6; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M7; KOSMOS_2019_Mesocosm-M8; KOSMOS Gran Canaria; Leptocylindrus danicus; Leptocylindrus danicus, biovolume; Leptocylindrus minimus; Leptocylindrus minimus, biovolume; Licmophora sp.; Licmophora sp., biovolume; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; Microscopy; Minutocellus polymorphus; Minutocellus polymorphus, biovolume; negative emission technology; Network of Leading European AQUAtic MesoCOSM Facilities Connecting Mountains to Oceans from the Arctic to the Mediterranean; Nitzschia cf. acicularis; Nitzschia cf. acicularis, biovolume; Number of taxa; Ocean Artificial Upwelling; Ocean-artUp; ocean fertilization; Phaeocystis cf. globosa; Phaeocystis cf. globosa, biovolume; Phaeocystis sp.; Phaeocystis sp., biovolume; Phase description; Phytoplankton, biovolume; Phytoplankton, total; Pielou evenness index; plankton community; Pleurosigma sp.; Pleurosigma sp., biovolume; Proboscia sp.; Proboscia sp., biovolume; Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima; Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima, biovolume; Pseudo-nitzschia pungens; Pseudo-nitzschia pungens, biovolume; Pseudo-nitzschia sp.; Pseudo-nitzschia sp., biovolume; Pseudo-nitzschia subcurvata; Pseudo-nitzschia subcurvata, biovolume; Research Mission of the German Marine Research Alliance (DAM): Marine carbon sinks in decarbonisation pathways; Rhizosolenia cf. imbricata; Rhizosolenia cf. imbricata, biovolume; Rhizosolenia cf. setigera; Rhizosolenia cf. setigera, biovolume; Rhizosolenia sp.; Rhizosolenia sp., biovolume; Shannon Diversity Index; Si:N; silicic acid; Skeletonema sp.; Skeletonema sp., biovolume; Striatella cf. unipunctata; Striatella cf. unipunctata, biovolume; Sum; Test-ArtUp; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 14416 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
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