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  • 1
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (106 Seiten = 17 MB) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Language: German
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  • 2
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht ; Kraftstoffherstellung ; Synthetischer Kraftstoff ; Ottokraftstoff ; MTG-Verfahren ; Katalyse ; Zeolith ; Prozessentwicklung
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (52 Seiten, 2,81 MB) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Language: German , English
    Note: Förderkennzeichen BMWK 03EIV021A , Verbundnummer 01183010 , Unterschiede zwischen dem gedruckten Dokument und der elektronischen Ressource können nicht ausgeschlossen werden , Literaturverzeichnis: Blatt 23-27 , Sprache der Kurzfassungen: Deutsch, Englisch
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  • 3
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht ; Power-to-X ; Kraftstoff ; Kohlendioxid ; Wasserstoff ; Methanol ; MTG-Verfahren ; Ottokraftstoff
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (46 Seiten, 1,87 MB) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Language: German
    Note: Förderkennzeichen BMBF 03SFK2M1 , Verbundnummer 01173379 , Unterschiede zwischen dem gedruckten Dokument und der elektronischen Ressource können nicht ausgeschlossen werden , Sprache der Zusammenfassung: Deutsch, Englisch
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 232 (1994), S. 107-114 
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To provide morphologic evidence for the innervation of accessory lacrimal glands, glands were biopsied and examined using standard transmission electron microscopic techniques. Non-myelinated nerve fibers were found in the connective tissue between the glandular epithelia where they made contact with glandular epithelial cells, myoepithelial cells, vascular endothelial cells, plasma cells and fibroblasts. The distances measured between axons and target cells ranged from 30 to 130 nm. Where nerve fibers approached cells sustaining a basement membrane, their basement membranes fused to form a discrete unit resembling so-called ‘synapses à distance’. Cells with no basement membrane were situated in direct contact with the basement membrane of a nerve fiber. Single axons were identified between glandular epithelial cells and cells of intralobular ducts. Most of these axons contained many small clear vesicles and a few large, dense core vesicles, a finding considered typical of cholinergic parasympathetic nerve fibers. In addition, one of the axons identified contained small dense core vesicles typical of sympathetic nerve fibers. Human accessory lacrimal glands are therefore definitely innervated, with parasympathetic structures morphologically prevailing over sympathetic structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Zoomorphology 105 (1985), S. 99-107 
    ISSN: 1432-234X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The compound eye of Psychoda cinerea comprises two types of ommatidia, arranged so as to divide the retina into distinct dorsal and ventral regions. The P-type ommatidium, in the ventral part of the eye, differs fundamentally from the other dipteran ommatidia so far described, and is regarded as a primitive ommatidium. The acone dioptric apparatus is the same in both types, with a spherical lens and four Semper cells, the processes of which expand below the rhabdom to form a ring of pigment sacs. Only the distal region of the rhabdom is surrounded by a continuous ring of screening pigment, formed by 2 primary and 12–16 secondary pigment cells. The highly pigmented retinula cells penetrate the basement membrane proximally at about the level of their nuclei; in this region they are separated from the hemolymph by glial elements. The rhabdomeres R1–6 are fused to form a tube. The two types of ommatidia are defined by the arrangement of the retinula cells R7/8: in the T type the central rhabdomeres are one below the other, in the usual tandem position, whereas in the P type only R8 is central, with R7 in the peripheral ring. In the proximal region of the retina, retinula cells with parallel microvilli in neighboring ommatidia are joined in rows by lateral processes from the R8 cells. All the rhabdomeres are short and not twisted, which suggests that the retinula cells are highly sensitive to direction of polarization. The eye can adapt by a number of retinomotor processes. These findings, together with observations of behavior, imply that the psychodids have well-developed visual abilities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-234X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The legs of chironomid midges from a laboratory colony were examined in the region of the joint between the fifth tarsal segment and the pretarsus, especially the surface of the unguitractor and the manner in which the unguitractor fits into a ventromedian groove in the edge of the tarsus when the joint is flexed. The region was reconstructed from serial sections to clarify the spatial relations of the internal structures to one another and to the external structures. Ultrastructural characteristics of the cells and cuticle suggest a secretory function of the unguitractor. An amphinematic scoloparium is suspended between the point at which the unguitractor attaches to its tendon and the transverse diaphragm within the tarsus. This mechanoreceptor could serve as a proprioceptive sensor of the position of unguitractor and tarsus; it could also be an exteroceptor, sensing vibration in the substrate and/or the air. In the context of functional morphology, the clamping of the unguitractor in the ventral hollow in the tarsus could have the effect of resetting the sensitivity of the sensor. On the other hand, this arrangement could also simply act as an energy-saving means of fixing the claws in the grasping position for long periods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 234 (1996), S. 232-240 
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract • Background: The present study was untertaken in an attempt to broaden the spectrum of known neuronal markers and neuropeptides in the main lacrimal gland of the human by light-microscopic immunohistochemistry. • Methods: Using antisera against the neuronal markers protein gene product (PGP) and S-100 protein (S-100), the distribution of nerve fibers in the human main lacrimal gland was studied. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), neuropeptide Y (NPY) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were identified by their specific antisera. • Results: The nerve fibers are distributed throughout the interstice between the glandular tubules. Associations were also found between nerve fibers and both the interlobular ductal system and blood vessels (mainly arterioles). Within the glandular lobules isolated groups of secretory cells stained positive for S-100 protein. Nerve fibers situated in the glandular interstice between the tubules showed predominantly positive immunoreactions for the neuropeptide VIP, while only very few fibers stained positive for CGRP, NPY and the catecholamine marker TH. Nerve fibers associated with interlobular blood vessels were mainly CGRP and NPY positive and stained only very rarely for VIP. The epithelia of interlobular ducts and excretory ducts were associated with CGRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers. • Conclusion: The neuropeptides identified in the lacrimal gland indicate the complexity with which a variety of biologic signals regulate and modulate the lacrimal gland.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 234 (1996), S. 648-656 
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract • Background: The ultrastructure of the meibomian gland, of its innervation and the localization of neuropeptides in the glandular tissue of the guinea pig and humans are incompletely known. Therefore they have been investigated in the present study. • Methods: The ultrastructure of the tissue was examined using standard transmission electron microscopic techniques. Additional scanning electron microscopy was carried out on rabbit tissue. Antisera against the neuronal marker protein gene product were used to demonstrate the distribution pattern of the nerve fibers. The neuropeptides substance P (SP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and the neuronal enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were identified by their specific antisera. • Results: The glands were found to be composed of arrays of alveoli. The outer cells of the alveoli form a germinal layer. Toward the inside of the alveolus the cells are laden with a secretory substance. The cells disintegrate as they approach the excretory duct. Nerve fibers from a plexus around the alveoli. These nerve fibers form synapses à distance to the basal alveolar cells and enter the basal lamina of the capillaries. In guinea pigs many nerve fibers were positive for the neuropeptides SP and NPY and for VIP, and fewer for CGRP and TH; in humans only SP and CGRP were demonstrated. • Conclusion: Both the density of nerve fibers and the presence of various neuropeptides suggest that the stimulation of the meibomian gland is subject to nervous control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-2622
    Keywords: Anterior capsular cataract ; Capsulorhexis ; Silicone oil ; Vitrectomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To clarify the mechanical difficulties experienced when performing anterior capsulorhexis in vitrectomized eyes filled with silicone oil. Five anterior lens capsules removed from eyes with a silicone oil history were submitted to light and electron microscopic analysis and then compared to two capsules from eyes with trauma history and seven capsules from eyes without silicone oil or trauma history. Comparable abnormalities of the inner and outer surface of the anterior lens capsule were consistently observed after silicone oil fill of the vitreous cavity or after traumatic impact to the lens: patches of multilayer epithelial cells with interspersed capsule material and connective tissue were observed on the posterior surface of the anterior lens capsule. The development of this anterior subcapsular tissue plaque is obviously influenced not only by the PVR process or by side effects of the surgical procedure but also by the silicone oil tamponade or a trauma history. The plaque can be considered primarily responsible for the increased mechanical resistance of the lens capsule in all eyes with silicone oil/trauma history examined in this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Stable aminoplast dispersions can be obtained by new, commercially interesting syntheses. Nature and quantity of the catalysts used - the concentration of hydrogen ions and salts  - , the presence and quantity of water, and the temperature profile have an effect on the storage stability, setting, particle size, and particle size distribution of the condensation products dispersed in the polyether polyols and, in correlation, on the ultimate viscosity of the aminoplast dispersions. The aminoplast dispersion can be manufactured on conventional foaming equipment according to cold curing PUR-foam formulations with toluylene diisocyanate (® Desmodur T 80).Besides acceptable values for the physical properties such as rigidity, elasticity, and tensile strength, the resultant cold cured foams give a striking result in the flammabil-ity test acc. to DIN 4102 inasmuch as they reach Flammability Classification B 1. Yet there are no definitive results about a thinkable emanation of formaldehyde out of such dispersions under the conditions of use.
    Notes: Stabile Aminoplastdispersionen lassen sich nach neuen, technisch interessanten Synthesewegen herstellen. Die Lagerstabilität, Aushörtung, Teilchengrößie und Teilchengrößeverteilung der in den Polyetherpolyolen dispergierten Kondensationsprodukte und damit korrelierend die Endviskosität der Aminoplastdispersionen werden durch die Art und Menge der venvendeten Katalysatoren - die Wasserstoffionen und Salzkonzentration  - , die Anwesenheit und Menge von Wasser und durch die Temperaturführung beeinflußt. Die Aminoplastdispersion ist auf herkömmlichen Verschäumungsanlagen nach PUR-Kaltschaumrezepturen mit Toluylendiisocyanat (®Desmodur T 80) verarbeitbar. Die resultierenden Kaltschaumstoffe erreichen  -  neben guten Werten fur die mechanischen Eigenschaften wie Härte, Elastizität und Reififestigkeit - im Brandtest nach DIN 4102 iiberraschenderweise die Brandklasse B 1 . Uber die denkbare Abspaltung von Formaldehyd unter den Bedingungen der Anwendung solcher Dispersionen liegen noch keine abschliefienden Ergebnisse vor.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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