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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 21 (1965), S. 265-266 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Résumé Une activité considérable de la 3,4-dihydroxyphénylealanine (DOPA) décarboxylase a été démontrée chez un transplantable mélanome malin du hamster. Après l'injection intrapéritonéale du précurseur de la dopamine, l'amine nouveau-formée était trouvée dans toutes les tumeurs. L'inhibition de la DOPA décarboxylase par traitement des hamsters avec α-méthyle-DOPA n'a pas influé sur le progrès des tumeurs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Schizophrenia ; negative symptoms ; clinical trials ; psychiatric status rating scales ; neuroleptics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract There is little agreement about the methodology of clinical trials of antipsychotic drugs in patients with negative symptoms. A literature review revealed wide variation in experimental design, rating scales and study duration. This reflects differing views as to the definition and response to treatment of negative symptoms. Some degree of standardization would improve comparability of studies and aid the development of new compounds. Patients included in such studies should have displayed negative symptoms for at least 6 months. Depressive symptoms, positive schizophrenic symptoms and extrapyramidal signs may all influence or be confused with negative symptoms and may respond to treatment; they should be at a low level at baseline and should be measured during the study period. Studies should last at least 8 weeks. Several scales are available for measuring negative symptoms and are reviewed; a global impression score should be used additionally.
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 152 (1993), S. 110-114 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Deuterium oxide ; Water turnover ; Fluid intake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract For healthy children up to 15 years of age, no data exist regarding water turnover as directly measured using stable isotope techniques. Water turnover was measured in 171 healthy children (88 girls, 83 boys, age: 6 weeks–15 years) whilst living in their normal environment. Water turnover was calculated from the equilibrium of2H2O concentration reached in the urine 2–3 h after an oral test load of 2 ml2H2O/kg and the subsequent elimination rate of2H2O. Daily water turnover decreased from 160 ml/kg (3 months), 100 ml/kg (12 months), 65 ml/kg (3 years) to 40 ml/kg at 15 years of age. Fluid intake was then calculated by subtracting the estimated metabolic water production from water turnover and this data was compared with recommended values. Our calculation of spontaneous daily fluid intake for these healthy children is within the recommended range during the 1st year of life, whereas for older children the recommendations exceed the spontaneous intake by a factor of 1,2–2.
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Phenylketonuria ; Myelination ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; 1H spectroscopy ; T2 relaxometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to further clarify the pathogenesis and clinical significance of MRI white matter abnormalities in treated hyperphenylalaninaemia (HPA), ten patients (seven type I HPA, two type II and one type III) underwent T2 relaxometry (n=8) and/or1H spectroscopy (n=7) in addition to conventional MR spin-echo imaging at 1.5 T. Two patients with severe MRI abnormalities had repeat examinations during and after a 6-to 8-month period of strict diet control. The clinical evaluation included a detailed neurological examination. In nine out of ten patients visual evoked potentials (VEP) were obtained parallel to the MR examination. MR imaging demonstrated typical symmetrical areas of prolonged T2 relaxation time predominantly in the posterior periventricular white matter in all but one of type I and II patients. There was no consistent relationship between MRI findings and time of diagnosis/initiation of therapy, IQ or visual evoked potential changes. MRI abnormalities tended to be more severe in patients with poor dietary control and high current plasma phenylalanine levels, whereas a normal MRI was found only in patients with plasma phenylalanine levels continuously below 0.36 mmol/l. There was marked regression of MRI abnormalities already after 3 months of strict diet control. T2 relaxometry showed a bi-exponential behaviour of T2 in the affected white matter, with a slow component of about 200–450 ms, indicating an increase in free (extracellular) water.1H spectroscopy revealed no signs of severe neuronal damage. We conclude, that the observed white matter changes in treated HPA probably represent reversible structural myelin changes rather than permanent demyelination.
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 44 (1966), S. 652-653 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The role of Trasylol in the treatment of acute pancreatitis is still undetermined. In this study the influence of Trasylol on the secretoric function of the pancreas was investigated. The change of pancreatic secretion was not significant immediately after intravenous injection. 24–48 h later the volume of secretion as well as the activity of all enzymes was significantly diminished. The importance of this atropin-like effect of Trasylol for the treatment of the acute pancreatitis is discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Bedeutung des Trasylol für die Behandlung der akuten Pankreatitis ist noch immer nicht entschieden. Es wurde deshalb der Einfluß von Trasylol auf die sekretorische Funktion des Pankreas untersucht. Direkt nach intravenöser Injektion waren keine signifikanten Änderungen der Pankreassekretion nachweisbar. 24–48 Std später waren dagegen das Sekretvolumen und die Aktivität aller Enzyme signifikant vermindert. Die Bedeutung dieser atropinartigen Wirkung des Trasylol für die Behandlung der akuten Pankreatitis wird diskutiert.
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 242 (1992), S. 20-26 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Recurrent brief depression ; Seasonal affective disorder ; Major depressive disorder ; Light therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Recurrent brief depression (RBD) and seasonal affective disorder (SAD) have been both recently described as subgroups of major depression (DSM-III-R). We have established a relationship between these two syndromes in a cohort of 42 outpatients who presented themselfes to a clinic for seasonal affective disorder at the Psychiatric Department of the University of Bonn, FRG. Our preliminary data indicate that 31% of the patients who were diagnosed as suffering from either SAD or its subsyndromal form (S-SAD) can also be categorized as RBD (RBD-seasonal) in a 1-year observation period. During the time span of 1 year RBD-seasonal patients had a mean number of 20 (SD 9) episodes compared with 6 (SD 5) episodes (P〈0.001) in the group of seasonal patients without BRD. These episodes were accentuated in fall/winter and outnumbered those in spring/summer significantly (P〈0.001). The mean duration of each episode was 4.6 (SD 2.6) days in the RBD-seasonal group and 21.8 (SD 29) in the non-RBD-seasonal group. Patients with RBD-seasonal experienced seasonal changes as more of a problem and reported a lower percentage of first-degree relatives with a history of depression than the non-RBD-seasonal group.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 242 (1993), S. 301-309 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Neurotic Depression ; Short-term Outcome ; Predictors ; Cognitive Behaviour Therapy ; Antidepressants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A study was carried out involving 134 neurotic-depressive inpatients (according to ICD-9) treated with cognitive behaviour therapy and in a subgroup additionally with antidepressants. Using standardized rating instruments, a large set of potential predictor variables was tested. After cross-validation according to the splithalf technique, only very few of these proved to be suitable as predictors for the main outcome criteria. These predictors included certain aspects of social functioning before index admission, intensity of depressive symptoms at admission and the degree of self-evaluated mood disturbances three weeks after admission. Several predictors known from the literature could not be reproduced in this study, demonstrating the well-known instability of most predictor findings. On the other side, the predictor profile of the neurotic-depressive patients was quite similar to that found in endogenous depressives, a result which might — together with other findings, such as the response of neurotic depressives to antidepressants — question the traditional subclassification of functional depressive states into these subgroups.
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 2 (1969), S. 470-475 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 2 (1969), S. 273-280 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 2 (1969), S. 319-324 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In den beiden ersten Folgen der Artikeireihe über quantitative Verfahren in der Dünnschicht-Chromatographie werden nach einem Überblick über die zur Verfügung stehenden Methoden und den allgemeinen Voraussetzungen der quantitativen Dünnschicht-Chromatographie diejenigen Verfahren besprochen, die zur direkten Bestimmung im Sichtbaren oder im UV absorbierender Substanzen geeignet sind, also die Methoden zur Bestimmung von Fleckenarealen, die Densitometrie und die Remissionsmessungen. Mit geringsten Hilfsmitteln liefern in günstigen Fällen Fleckenarealbestimmungen brauchbare Ergebnisse. Die genauesten Ergebnisse sind durch Remissionsmessungen zu erzielen (Standardabweichung 3–7% relativ, jedoch nur unter der Voraussetzung, daß jeweils auf demselben Chromatogramm Meß- und Vergleichsflecke annähernd gleicher Konzentration miteinander verglichen werden. Bei allen Verfahren, die auf Lichtabsorptionsmessungen beruhen, haben Fleckengröße und Form, Verteilung der Substanz in der Schicht und zahlreiche weitere Parameter einen erheblichen Einfluß auf das Meßergebnis, die bei Routinemessungen nur auf diese Weise genügend genau konstant gehalten werden können.
    Abstract: Sommaire Dans les deux premières parties de cette série de travaux sur des procédés quantitatifs de chromatographie en couche mince, après avoir passé en revue les méthodes disponibles et les conditions générales de chromatographie quantitative sur couche mince, on a décrit les procédés qui permettent la détermination quantitative directe des substances absorbant la lumiére visible ou ultraviolette, c'est-à-dire les méthodes utilisant la détermination de la surface des taches, la densitométrie, et la mesure de réémission. Dans des cas favorables, les déterminations des surfaches des taches fournissent des résultats valables avec un minimum de moyens. Les résultats les plus précis sont obtenus par des mesures de réémission (déviation standard relative 3–7%), à condition d'avoir sur le même chromatogramme des taches à mesurer et des taches de référence de concentrations à peu près égale afin de permettre leur comparaison. Dans tous les procédés basés sur la mesure de l'absorption de la lumière, la largeur et forme des taches, la distribution de la substance dans la couche, et de nombreux autres paramètres ont une influence considérable sur le résultat de la mesure; c'est seulement en tenant compte de ces paramétres qu'on peut obtenir des résultats suffisamment précis et constants pour les mesures de routine.
    Notes: Summary In the first two parts of the series on quantitative procedures in thin layer chromatography, after a survey of the available methods and the general conditions for quantitative thin layer chromatography, those procedures are discussed which are suitable for direct determination of compounds showing absorption in the visible or UV range, i.e. methods for determining spot areas, densitometry, and remission measurements. In favorable cases, spot area determinations provide useful results with a minimum of expense. The most precise results are achieved with remission measurements (standard deviation 3–7% relative), but only when the chromatogram sample and reference spots of approximately comparable concentration can be compared with each other. In all procedures based on light absorption measurements, the size and shape of the spots, distribution of the compound in the layer, and numerous other parameters, have a considerable influence on the measured result, and it is only in this way that they can be kept sufficiently precise and constant for routine measurements.
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