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  • GEOMAR Catalogue / E-Books
  • Journals
  • Articles  (5)
  • OceanRep  (14)
  • Wiley  (10)
  • Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt  (3)
  • GEOMAR  (3)
  • Nature Research  (3)
  • GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
  • 2015-2019  (19)
  • 2018  (19)
  • 1
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    Diverse effects of invasive ecosystem engineers on marine biodiversity and ecosystem functions - a global review and meta-analysis (2018)
    Wiley
    In:  Global Change Biology, 24 (3). pp. 906-924.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Invasive ecosystem engineers (IEE) are potentially one of the most influential types of biological invaders. They are expected to have extensive ecological impacts by altering the physical–chemical structure of ecosystems, thereby changing the rules of existence for a broad range of resident biota. To test the generality of this expectation, we used a global systematic review and meta-analysis to examine IEE effects on the abundance of individual species and communities, biodiversity (using several indices) and ecosystem functions, focusing on marine and estuarine environments. We found that IEE had a significant effect (positive and negative) in most studies testing impacts on individual species, but the overall (cumulative) effect size was small and negative. Many individual studies showed strong IEE effects on community abundance and diversity, but the direction of effects was variable, leading to statistically non-significant overall effects in most categories. In contrast, there was a strong overall effect on most ecosystem functions we examined. IEE negatively affected metabolic functions and primary production, but positively affected nutrient flux, sedimentation and decomposition. We use the results to develop a conceptual model by highlighting pathways whereby IEE impact communities and ecosystem functions, and identify several sources of research bias in the IEE-related invasion literature. Only a few of the studies simultaneously quantified IEE effects on community/diversity and ecosystem functions. Therefore, understanding how IEE may alter biodiversity–ecosystem function relationships should be a primary focus of future studies of invasion biology. Moreover, the clear effects of IEE on ecosystem functions detected in our study suggest that scientists and environmental managers ought to examine how the effects of IEE might be manifested in the services that marine ecosystems provide to humans.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14007
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    Hydrological and environmental variables outperform spatial factors in structuring species, trait composition, and beta diversity of pelagic algae (2018)
    Wiley
    In:  Ecology and Evolution, 8 (5). pp. 2947-2961.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: There has been increasing interest in algae-based bioassessment, particularly, trait-based approaches are increasingly suggested. However, the main drivers, especially the contribution of hydrological variables, of species composition, trait composition, and beta diversity of algae communities are less studied. To link species and trait composition to multiple factors (i.e., hydrological variables, local environmental variables, and spatial factors) that potentially control species occurrence/abundance and to determine their relative roles in shaping species composition, trait composition, and beta diversities of pelagic algae communities, samples were collected from a German lowland catchment, where a well-proven ecohydrological modeling enabled to predict long-term discharges at each sampling site. Both trait and species composition showed significant correlations with hydrological, environmental, and spatial variables, and variation partitioning revealed that the hydrological and local environmental variables outperformed spatial variables. A higher variation of trait composition (57.0%) than species composition (37.5%) could be explained by abiotic factors. Mantel tests showed that both species and trait-based beta diversities were mostly related to hydrological and environmental heterogeneity with hydrological contributing more than environmental variables, while purely spatial impact was less important. Our findings revealed the relative importance of hydrological variables in shaping pelagic algae community and their spatial patterns of beta diversities, emphasizing the need to include hydrological variables in long-term biomonitoring campaigns and biodiversity conservation or restoration. A key implication for biodiversity conservation was that maintaining the instream flow regime and keeping various habitats among rivers are of vital importance. However, further investigations at multispatial and temporal scales are greatly needed.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3903
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Experimental strategies to assess the biological ramifications of multiple drivers of global ocean change-A review (2018)
    Wiley
    In:  Global Change Biology, 24 (6). pp. 2239-2261.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Marine life is controlled by multiple physical and chemical drivers and by diverse ecological processes. Many of these oceanic properties are being altered by climate change and other anthropogenic pressures. Hence, identifying the influences of multifaceted ocean change, from local to global scales, is a complex task. To guide policy-making and make projections of the future of the marine biosphere, it is essential to understand biological responses at physiological, evolutionary and ecological levels. Here, we contrast and compare different approaches to multiple driver experiments that aim to elucidate biological responses to a complex matrix of ocean global change. We present the benefits and the challenges of each approach with a focus on marine research, and guidelines to navigate through these different categories to help identify strategies that might best address research questions in fundamental physiology, experimental evolutionary biology and community ecology. Our review reveals that the field of multiple driver research is being pulled in complementary directions: the need for reductionist approaches to obtain process-oriented, mechanistic understanding and a requirement to quantify responses to projected future scenarios of ocean change. We conclude the review with recommendations on how best to align different experimental approaches to contribute fundamental information needed for science-based policy formulation.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: other
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    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14102
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    An acquisition, curation and management workflow for sustainable, terabyte-scale marine image analysis (2018)
    Nature Research
    In:  Scientific Data, 5 (180181).
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-19
    Description: Optical imaging is a common technique in ocean research. Diving robots, towed cameras, drop-cameras and TV-guided sampling gear: all produce image data of the underwater environment. Technological advances like 4K cameras, autonomous robots, high-capacity batteries and LED lighting now allow systematic optical monitoring at large spatial scale and shorter time but with increased data volume and velocity. Volume and velocity are further increased by growing fleets and emerging swarms of autonomous vehicles creating big data sets in parallel. This generates a need for automated data processing to harvest maximum information. Systematic data analysis benefits from calibrated, geo-referenced data with clear metadata description, particularly for machine vision and machine learning. Hence, the expensive data acquisition must be documented, data should be curated as soon as possible, backed up and made publicly available. Here, we present a workflow towards sustainable marine image analysis. We describe guidelines for data acquisition, curation and management and apply it to the use case of a multi-terabyte deep-sea data set acquired by an autonomous underwater vehicle.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2018.181
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    What makes an ideal global stocktake? : A functional analysis ; discussion paper (2018)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: Many hope that the Global Stocktake under the Paris Agreement can become a catalyst for increased mitigation ambition over time. Based on different theories of change, this paper outlines four governance functions for the Global Stocktake. It can contribute to the Paris Agreement as a pacemaker (stimulating and synchronizing policy processes across governance levels), by ensuring accountability of Parties, by enhancing ambition through benchmarks for action and transformative learning, and by reiterating and refining the guidance and signal provided from the Paris Agreement. The paper further outlines process- and information-related preconditions that would enable an ideal Global Stocktake.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: workingpaper , doc-type:workingPaper
    Format: application/pdf
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 6
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    Fluid geographies: Marine territorialisation and the scaling up of local aquatic epistemologies on the Pacific coast of Colombia (2018)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, Wiley, 43(1), pp. 61-78, ISSN: 0020-2754
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: The Pacific region of Colombia, like many sparsely populated places in developing countries, has been imagined as empty in social terms, and yet full in terms of natural resources and biodiversity. These imaginaries have enabled the creation of frontiers of land and sea control, where the state as well as private and illegal actors have historically dispossessed Afro-descendant and indigenous peoples. This paper contributes to the understanding of territorialisation in the oceans, where political and legal framings of the sea as an open-access public good have neglected the existence of marine social processes. It shows how Afro-descendant communities and non-state actors are required to use the language of resources, rather than socio-cultural attachment, to negotiate state marine territorialisation processes. Drawing on a case study on the Pacific coast of Colombia, we demonstrate that Afro-descendant communities hold local aquatic epistemologies, in which knowledge and the production of space are entangled in fluid and volumetric spatio-temporal dynamics. However, despite the social importance of aquatic environments, they were excluded from Afro-descendants' collective territorial rights in the 1990s. Driven by their local aquatic epistemologies, coastal communities are reclaiming authority over the seascape through the creation of a marine protected area. We argue that they have transformed relations of authority at sea to ensure local access and control, using state institutional instruments to subvert and challenge the legal framing of the sea as an open access public good. As such, this marine protected area represents a place of resistance that ironically subjects coastal communities to disciplinary technologies of conservation.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 7
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    Partitioning of the Open Waters of the Gulf of Mexico Based on the Seasonal and Interannual Variability of Chlorophyll Concentration (2018)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-09
    Description: The seasonal and interannual variability of chlorophyll in the Gulf of Mexico open waters is studied using a three‐dimensional coupled physical‐biogeochemical model. A 5 years hindcast driven by realistic open‐boundary conditions, atmospheric forcings, and freshwater discharges from rivers is performed. The use of recent in situ observations allowed an in‐depth evaluation of the model nutrient and chlorophyll seasonal distributions, including the chlorophyll vertical structure. We find that different chlorophyll patterns of temporal variability coexist in the deep basin which thereby cannot be considered as a homogeneous region with respect to chlorophyll dynamics. A partitioning of the Gulf of Mexico open waters based on the winter chlorophyll concentration increase is then proposed. This partition is basically explained by the amount of nutrients injected into the euphotic layer which is highly constrained by the dynamic of the winter mixed layer. The seasonal and interannual variability appears to be affected by the variability of atmospheric fluxes and mesoscale dynamics (Loop Current eddies in particular). Finally, estimates of primary production in the deep basin are provided.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    Transgenerational plasticity and selection shape the adaptive potential of sticklebacks to salinity change (2018)
    Wiley
    In:  Evolutionary Applications, 11 (10). pp. 1873-1885.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-18
    Description: In marine climate change research, salinity shifts have been widely overlooked. While widespread desalination effects are expected in higher latitudes, salinity is predicted to increase closer to the equator. Here, we use the steep salinity gradient of the Baltic Sea as a space‐for time design to address effects of salinity change on populations. Additionally, genetic diversity, a prerequisite for adaptive responses, is reduced in Baltic compared to Atlantic populations. On the one hand, adaptive transgenerational plasticity (TGP) might buffer the effects of environmental change, which may be of particular importance under reduced genetic variation. On the other hand, physiological trade‐offs due to environmental stress may hamper parental provisioning to offspring thereby intensifying the impact of climate change across generations (non‐adaptive TGP). Here, we studied both hypothesis of adaptive and non‐adaptive TGP in the three‐spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) fish model along the strong salinity gradient of the Baltic Sea in a space‐for‐time experiment. Each population tolerated desalination well, which was not altered by parental exposure to low salinity. Despite a common marine ancestor, populations locally adapted to low salinity lost their ability to cope with fully marine conditions, resulting in lower survival and reduced relative fitness. Negative transgenerational effects were evident in early life stages, but disappeared after selection via mortality occurred during the first 12‐30 days post hatch. Modeling various strengths of selection, we showed that non‐adaptive transgenerational plasticity accelerated evolution by increasing directional selection within the offspring generation. Qualitatively, when genetic diversity is large, we predict that such effects will facilitate rapid adaptation and population persistence, while below a certain threshold populations suffer a higher risk of local extinction. Overall, our results suggest that transgenerational plasticity and selection are not independent of each other and thereby highlight a current gap in TGP studies.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    DOI: 10.1111/eva.12688
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 9
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    Interpreting historical, botanical, and geological evidence to aid preparations for future floods (2018)
    Wiley
    In:  EPIC3Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water, Wiley, pp. e1318, ISSN: 2049-1948
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: River flooding is among the most destructive of natural hazards globally, causing widespread loss of life, damage to infrastructure and economic deprivation. Societies are currently under increasing threat from such floods, predominantly from increasing exposure of people and assets in flood‐prone areas, but also as a result of changes in flood magnitude, frequency, and timing. Accurate flood hazard and risk assessment are therefore crucial for the sustainable development of societies worldwide. With a paucity of hydrological measurements, evidence from the field offers the only insight into truly extreme events and their variability in space and time. Historical, botanical, and geological archives have increasingly been recognized as valuable sources of extreme flood event information. These different archives are here reviewed with a particular focus on the recording mechanisms of flood information, the historical development of the methodological approaches and the type of information that those archives can provide. These studies provide a wealthy dataset of hundreds of historical and palaeoflood series, whose analysis reveals a noticeable dominance of records in Europe. After describing the diversity of flood information provided by this dataset, we identify how these records have improved and could further improve flood hazard assessments and, thereby, flood management and mitigation plans.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Single cell genomes of Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus, and sympatric microbes from diverse marine environments (2018)
    Nature Research
    In:  Scientific Data, 5 . p. 180154.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-04-23
    Description: Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus are the dominant primary producers in marine ecosystems and perform a significant fraction of ocean carbon fixation. These cyanobacteria interact with a diverse microbial community that coexists with them. Comparative genomics of cultivated isolates has helped address questions regarding patterns of evolution and diversity among microbes, but the fraction that can be cultivated is miniscule compared to the diversity in the wild. To further probe the diversity of these groups and extend the utility of reference sequence databases, we report a data set of single cell genomes for 489 Prochlorococcus, 50 Synechococcus, 9 extracellular virus particles, and 190 additional microorganisms from a diverse range of bacterial, archaeal, and viral groups. Many of these uncultivated single cell genomes are derived from samples obtained on GEOTRACES cruises and at well-studied oceanographic stations, each with extensive suites of physical, chemical, and biological measurements. The genomic data reported here greatly increases the number of available Prochlorococcus genomes and will facilitate studies on evolutionary biology, microbial ecology, and biological oceanography.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2018.154
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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