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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of aquatic ecosystem stress and recovery 7 (2000), S. 25-42 
    ISSN: 1573-5141
    Keywords: biodiversity ; pollution monitoring ; rapid assessment ; surrogates ; taxonomic resolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Although the identification of organisms to the levelof species is the ideal in studies of marinemacrobenthos, there are situations where such a finelevel of taxonomic discrimination may be eitherimpossible or unwarranted, for example when much thefauna is undescribed, or if the task for which samplesare collected does not require them to be identifiedto the species level. The idea that abundances ofhigher taxa, or particular groups of organisms, may beused as surrogates for the total fauna in such studiesis explored in this paper using data from theNorwegian sector of the North Sea. The generalconclusion is that, in surveys of soft sedimentmacrofauna in disturbed areas of the North Sea wherepollution imposes simple spatial gradients on thebenthic communities, little information aboutinter-sample relationships is lost using data based onfamily, polychaete species, or polychaete familyabundances, rather than species abundances. In morepristine areas where spatial patterns are determinedby a number of processes, correlations betweencalculated diversity indices and similarity in faunalpatterns between species and family abundances arestill very high, but less so for polychaete species orpolychaete family abundances. This suggests thatidentification to the level of family may besatisfactory in many routine monitoring surveys,andidentification of only the polychaetes, either to thelevel of species or family, may also be a possiblealternative if there are clear disturbance gradientsin the survey area. Polychaetes are of importance indisturbed areas because the group contains tolerantand intolerant species, and in undisturbed areasbecause within the taxon species have a greater rangeof trophic and reproductive strategies than withinother taxa. Ultimately it is the distribution ofspecies, their identities, and their interactions witheach other and with the environment, that are ofinterest. The use of surrogates is likely to be mostadvantageous if it is only the extent of pollutioneffects from a discrete source that matters, andspecies level baseline studies have already beencompleted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: China ; freshwater ; Nematoda ; new species ; Parodontophora ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Parodontophora limnophila sp. nov. is described from Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake of China. It is characterized by having an amphid with its posterior end close to the base of the stoma, relatively short cephalic setae, opisthocephalic setae arranged as two subdorsal groups of three longitudinally arranged setae and two single subventral setae, excretory pore at the level of the anterior part of the stoma and renette gland 34–47% of the oesophageal length. To date, the new species is the only Parodontophora species found in freshwater habitats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Widdicombe, Claire E; Eloire, Damien; Harbour, Derek; Harris, Roger P; Somerfield, Paul J (2010): Long-term phytoplankton community dynamics in the Western English Channel. Journal of Plankton Research, 32(5), 643-655, https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbp127
    Publication Date: 2024-02-16
    Description: Over a 15-year period (1992-2007), weekly water samples were collected from the L4 time-series station in the Western English Channel and analysed for phytoplankton community structure and abundance. The data produced have been analysed to identify seasonal patterns, inter-annual variability and long-term trends in the composition of the seven main functional phytoplankton groups. Phyto-flagellates numerically dominated accounting for on average ca. 87% of the phytoplankton abundance while diatoms, Phaeocystis, coccolithophorids, dinoflagellates and ciliates contributed 13% of abundance. Distinct seasonal and inter-annual changes in the abundance and floristic composition of the functional groups were observed. Significant long-term changes in abundance showed that, over the study period, diatoms and Phaeocystis decreased while coccolithophorids, the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum and some heterotrophic dinoflagellate and ciliates increased in abundance. These changes highlight the importance of long-term observations for the understanding of natural temporal variability in plankton communities. Such shifts in the community composition at L4 could have important consequences for ecosystem function.
    Keywords: Coastal station; English Channel; MON; Monitoring; WCO_L4; Western Channel Observatory
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-02-16
    Keywords: Acanthoica quattrospina; Achnanthes longipes; Actinocyclus sp.; Actinoptychus senarius; Akashiwo sanguinea; Alexandrium tamarense; Amylax triacantha; Anoplosolenia brasiliensis; Asterionellopsis glacialis; Attheya septentrionalis; Bacillaria paradoxa; Bacteriastrum furcatum; Biddulphia alternans; Braarudosphaera bigelowii; Brockmanniella brockmannii; Calyptrosphaera sp.; Caneosphaera molischii; Cerataulina pelagica; Ceratium furca; Ceratium fusus; Ceratium horridum; Ceratium lineatum; Ceratium longipes; Ceratium macroceros; Ceratium massiliense; Ceratium tripos; Chaetoceros, resting spores; Chaetoceros affinis; Chaetoceros anastomosans; Chaetoceros brevis; Chaetoceros compressus; Chaetoceros costatus; Chaetoceros curvisetus; Chaetoceros danicus; Chaetoceros debilis; Chaetoceros decipiens; Chaetoceros densus; Chaetoceros didymus; Chaetoceros eibenii; Chaetoceros externus; Chaetoceros filiformis; Chaetoceros fragilis; Chaetoceros laciniosus; Chaetoceros lauderi; Chaetoceros peruvianus; Chaetoceros radicans; Chaetoceros similis; Chaetoceros simplex; Chaetoceros socialis; Chaetoceros sp.; Chaetoceros teres; Chaetoceros tortissimus; Chaetoceros wighamii; Chaetoceros willei; Coastal station; Coccolithophoridae; Coccolithophoridae, lith; Coccolithophoridae indeterminata; Coccolithus pelagicus; Corethron criophilum; Coronosphaera sp.; Corymbellus aureus; Coscinodiscus asteromphalus; Coscinodiscus centralis; Coscinodiscus concinnus; Coscinodiscus granii; Coscinodiscus radiatus; Coscinodiscus wailesii; Cryptomonadales; Crystallolithus hyalinus; Cyanobacteria filaments; Dactyliosolen blavyanus; Dactyliosolen fragilissimus; DATE/TIME; Delphineis sp.; DEPTH, water; Detonula pumila; Diatoms; Dictyocha fibula; Dictyocha speculum; Dinobryon; Dinoflagellates; Dinophysis acuminata; Dinophysis acuta; Dinophysis sacculus; Dinophysis sp. cf. D. punctata; Dinophysis tripos; Diploneis cabro; Ditylum brightwellii; Emiliania huxleyi; English Channel; Ephemera planamembranacea; Eucampia zodiacus; Euglenophyceae; Flagellates, fractionated; Fragilaria; Fragilariopsis; Gephyrocapsa sp.; Gonyaulax digitale; Gonyaulax sp.; Gonyaulax spinifera; Gonyaulax verior; Grammatophora; Guinardia delicatula; Guinardia flaccida; Guinardia striata; Guinardia striata, large; Gymnodinium cf. catenatum; Gymnodinium cf. pygmaeum; Gymnodinium sp.; Halosphaera sp.; Haslea wawrikae; Helicotheca tamesis; Heterocapsa niei; Heterocapsa sp.; Heterocapsa triquetra; Holococcolithophorid, fractionated; Karenia mikimotoi; Lauderia annulata; Leptocylindrus danicus; Leptocylindrus mediterraneus; Leptocylindrus minimus; Licmophora; Lioloma delicatulum; Lithodesmium undulatum; Melosira sp.; Meringosphaera sp.; Mesoporos perforatus; Meuniera membranacea; Micranthodinium sp.; MON; Monitoring; Nanoneis haslea; Navicula distans; Navicula sp.; Nitzschia closterium; Nitzschia sigmoidea; Odontella mobiliensis; Odontella sinensis; Paralia sulcata; Pennates, fractionated; Pennates, small; Pennates, very small; Phaeocystis motile; Phaeocystis pouchetii; Phytoflagellate; Phytoplankton; Phytoplankton, other; Picoplankton; Pleurosigma; Pleurosigma planctonicum; Podosira stelligera; Proboscia alata; Proboscia alata, fractionated; Proboscia alata syn. forma gracillima; Proboscia truncata; Prorcentrum triestinum; Prorocentrum balticum; Prorocentrum compressum; Prorocentrum dentatum; Prorocentrum micans; Prorocentrum minimum; Protoceratium reticulatum; Psammodictyon panduriforme; Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima; Pseudo-nitzschia pungens; Pseudo-nitzschia seriata; Pterosperma sp.; Pyramimonas sp.; Quantitative phytoplankton method (Utermöhl, 1958); Raphidophyceae; Rhabdosphaera claviger; Rhizosolenia chunii; Rhizosolenia hebetata forma semispina; Rhizosolenia imbricata, fractionated; Rhizosolenia robusta; Rhizosolenia setigera, fractionated; Rhizosolenia styliformis; Roperia tesselata; Scripsiella sp. cyst; Scripsiella trochoidea; Skeletonema costatum; Stephanopyxis palmeriana; Syracosphaera pulchra; Thalassionema nitzschioides; Thalassiosira, fractionated; Thalassiosira anguste-lineata; Thalassiosira cf. gravida; Thalassiosira cf. gravida, fractionated; Thalassiosira eccentrica; Thalassiosira punctigera; Thalassiosira rotula; Thalassiosira sp. cf. T. angulata; Thalassiosira subtilis; Thalassiothrix sp.; Tropidoneis; Umbellosphaera sp.; WCO_L4; Western Channel Observatory
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 141167 data points
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-02-16
    Keywords: Amoeba; Amphidinium crassum; Amphidoma caudata; Askenasia stellaris; Balanion sp.; Bodonids; Choanoflagellates; Ciliates; Ciliates indeterminata; Coastal station; Cochlodinium sp.; Counting; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Dinoflagellates, colorless; Dinophysis rotundatum; Diplopsalis sp.; English Channel; Epiplocyloides undella; Eutintinnus sp.; Favella helgolandica; Favella sp.; Flagellates, colorless; Gymnodinium sp., colorless; Gymnodinium sp., colorless, small; Gyrodinium sp., colorless, large; Gyrodinium sp., colorless, medium; Gyrodinium sp., colorless, small; Gyrodinium spirale; Jacoba; Katodinium; Katodinium glaucum; Kofoidinium lebourae; Laboea strobila; Leegaardiella sp.; Lohmaniella sp.; Microzooplankton; Microzooplankton, other; MON; Monitoring; Myrionecta rubra; Myrionecta sp., small; Nematodinium sp.; Noctiluca scintillans; Oxytoxum sp.; Parafavella sp.; Peridinian indeterminata, large; Peridinian indeterminata, small; Peritromus sp.; Phalachroma nastum; Polykrikos schwarzii; Preperidinium; Pronoctiluca cf. pelagica; Proplectella sp.; Prorodontid; Protoperidinium bipes; Protoperidinium brevipes; Protoperidinium curtipes; Protoperidinium depressum; Protoperidinium divergens; Protoperidinium obtusum; Protoperidinium oceanicum; Protoperidinium ovatum; Protoperidinium pyriforme; Protoperidinium sp.; Protoperidinium steinii; Pyrophacus horologicum; Rhabdoaskenasia sp.; Salpingella sp.; Sarcodina; Strobilidium sp.; Strombidinopsis sp.; Strombidium cf., ovale; Strombidium sp., large; Strombidium sp., medium; Strombidium sp., small; Tiarina fusus; Tintinnid sp., small; Tintinnopsis sp.; Tontonia spp.; Torodinium robustum; Torodinium teredo; Uronema spp.; Vorticella sp.; Warnowia sp.; WCO_L4; Western Channel Observatory; Zooflagellate; Zoospore
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 55360 data points
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  • 6
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: McConville, Kristian; Halsband, Claudia; Fileman, Elaine S; Somerfield, Paul J; Findlay, Helen S; Spicer, John I (2013): Effects of elevated CO2 on the reproduction of two calanoid copepods. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 73(2), 428-434, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.02.010
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Some planktonic groups suffer negative effects from ocean acidification (OA), although copepods might be less sensitive. We investigated the effect of predicted CO2 levels (range 480-750 ppm), on egg production and hatching success of two copepod species, Centropages typicus and Temora longicornis. In these short-term incubations there was no significant effect of high CO2 on these parameters. Additionally a very high CO2 treatment, (CO2 = 9830 ppm), representative of carbon capture and storage scenarios, resulted in a reduction of egg production rate and hatching success of C. typicus, but not T. longicornis. In conclusion, reproduction of C. typicus was more sensitive to acute elevated seawater CO2 than that of T. longicornis, but neither species was affected by exposure to CO2 levels predicted for the year 2100. The duration and seasonal timing of exposures to high pCO2, however, might have a significant effect on the reproduction success of calanoid copepods.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Arthropoda; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Centropages typicus; Coast and continental shelf; Egg production rate per female; English_channel; EXP; Experiment; Feeding rate, relative; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Hatching rate; Incubation duration; Laboratory experiment; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Replicates; Reproduction; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Single species; Species; Temora longicornis; Temperate; Temperature, standard deviation; Temperature, water; Treatment; Zooplankton
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9998 data points
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: The assimilation and regeneration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen, and the concentration of N2O, was investigated at stations located in the NW European shelf sea during June/July 2011. These observational measurements within the photic zone demonstrated the simultaneous regeneration and assimilation of NH4+, NO2- and NO3-. NH4+ was assimilated at 1.82-49.12 nmol N/L/h and regenerated at 3.46-14.60 nmol N/L/h; NO2- was assimilated at 0-2.08 nmol N/L/h and regenerated at 0.01-1.85 nmol N/L/h; NO3-was assimilated at 0.67-18.75 nmol N/L/h and regenerated at 0.05-28.97 nmol N/L/h. Observations implied that these processes were closely coupled at the regional scale and that nitrogen recycling played an important role in sustaining phytoplankton growth during the summer. The [N2O], measured in water column profiles, was 10.13 ± 1.11 nmol/L and did not strongly diverge from atmospheric equilibrium indicating that sampled marine regions were neither a strong source nor sink of N2O to the atmosphere. Multivariate analysis of data describing water column biogeochemistry and its links to N-cycling activity failed to explain the observed variance in rates of N-regeneration and N-assimilation, possibly due to the limited number of process rate observations. In the surface waters of five further stations, ocean acidification (OA) bioassay experiments were conducted to investigate the response of NH4+ oxidising and regenerating organisms to simulated OA conditions, including the implications for [N2O]. Multivariate analysis was undertaken which considered the complete bioassay data set of measured variables describing changes in N-regeneration rate, [N2O] and the biogeochemical composition of seawater. While anticipating biogeochemical differences between locations, we aimed to test the hypothesis that the underlying mechanism through which pelagic N-regeneration responded to simulated OA conditions was independent of location. Our objective was to develop a mechanistic understanding of how NH4+ regeneration, NH4+ oxidation and N2O production responded to OA. Results indicated that N-regeneration process responses to OA treatments were location specific; no mechanistic understanding of how N-regeneration processes respond to OA in the surface ocean of the NW European shelf sea could be developed.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Ammonia, oxidation rate; Ammonia, oxidation rate, standard deviation; Ammonium; Ammonium, standard deviation; Ammonium regeneration rate; Ammonium regeneration rate, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Bacteria; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Coulometric titration; D366_E1; D366_E2; D366_E3; D366_E4; D366_E5; Dimethyl sulfide; Dimethylsulfoniopropionate; Entire community; Event label; EXP; Experiment; Flag; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Identification; Laboratory experiment; Nanoflagellates, heterotrophic; Nitrate; Nitrous oxide, dissolved; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Open ocean; Other metabolic rates; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; Phosphate; Potentiometric titration; Salinity; Silicate; Temperate; Temperature, water; Time in hours; Treatment; UKOA; United Kingdom Ocean Acidification research programme
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 12526 data points
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2017-12-21
    Description: Eutrophication, coupled with loss of herbivory due to habitat degradation and overharvesting, has increased the frequency and severity of macroalgal blooms worldwide. Macroalgal blooms interfere with human activities in coastal areas, and sometimes necessitate costly algal removal programmes. They also have many detrimental effects on marine and estuarine ecosystems, including induction of hypoxia, release of toxic hydrogen sulphide into the sediments and atmosphere, and the loss of ecologically and economically important species. However, macroalgal blooms can also increase habitat complexity, provide organisms with food and shelter, and reduce other problems associated with eutrophication. These contrasting effects make their overall ecological impacts unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the overall effects of macroalgal blooms on several key measures of ecosystem structure and functioning in marine ecosystems. We also evaluated some of the ecological and methodological factors that might explain the highly variable effects observed in different studies. Averaged across all studies, macroalgal blooms had negative effects on the abundance and species richness of marine organisms, but blooms by different algal taxa had different consequences, ranging from strong negative to strong positive effects. Blooms' effects on species richness also depended on the habitat where they occurred, with the strongest negative effects seen in sandy or muddy subtidal habitats and in the rocky intertidal. Invertebrate communities also appeared to be particularly sensitive to blooms, suffering reductions in their abundance, species richness, and diversity. The total net primary productivity, gross primary productivity, and respiration of benthic ecosystems were higher during macroalgal blooms, but blooms had negative effects on the productivity and respiration of other organisms. These results suggest that, in addition to their direct social and economic costs, macroalgal blooms have ecological effects that may alter their capacity to deliver important ecosystem services.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Invasive ecosystem engineers (IEE) are potentially one of the most influential types of biological invaders. They are expected to have extensive ecological impacts by altering the physical–chemical structure of ecosystems, thereby changing the rules of existence for a broad range of resident biota. To test the generality of this expectation, we used a global systematic review and meta-analysis to examine IEE effects on the abundance of individual species and communities, biodiversity (using several indices) and ecosystem functions, focusing on marine and estuarine environments. We found that IEE had a significant effect (positive and negative) in most studies testing impacts on individual species, but the overall (cumulative) effect size was small and negative. Many individual studies showed strong IEE effects on community abundance and diversity, but the direction of effects was variable, leading to statistically non-significant overall effects in most categories. In contrast, there was a strong overall effect on most ecosystem functions we examined. IEE negatively affected metabolic functions and primary production, but positively affected nutrient flux, sedimentation and decomposition. We use the results to develop a conceptual model by highlighting pathways whereby IEE impact communities and ecosystem functions, and identify several sources of research bias in the IEE-related invasion literature. Only a few of the studies simultaneously quantified IEE effects on community/diversity and ecosystem functions. Therefore, understanding how IEE may alter biodiversity–ecosystem function relationships should be a primary focus of future studies of invasion biology. Moreover, the clear effects of IEE on ecosystem functions detected in our study suggest that scientists and environmental managers ought to examine how the effects of IEE might be manifested in the services that marine ecosystems provide to humans.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2017-12-14
    Description: In a recent letter, Thomsen and Wernberg (2015) reanalyzed data compiled for our recent paper (Lyons et al. 2014). In that paper, we examined the effects of macroalgal blooms and macroalgal mats on seven important measures of community structure and ecosystem functioning, and explored several ecological and methodological factors that might explain some of the variation in the observed effects. Thomsen and Wernberg (2015) reanalyzed two small subsets of the data, focusing on experimental studies examining effects of blooms/mats on invertebrate abundance. Their analyses revealed two interesting patterns.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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