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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Water mass distribution in Fram Strait and over the Yermak Plateau in summer 1997 (2000)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 18 (2000), S. 687-705 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Schlagwort(e): Oceanography: general (Arctic and Antarctic oceanography; water masses) ; Oceanography: physical (general circulation)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract The water mass distribution in northern Fram Strait and over the Yermak Plateau in summer 1997 is described using CTD data from two cruises in the area. The West Spitsbergen Current was found to split, one part recirculated towards the west, while the other part, on entering the Arctic Ocean separated into two branches. The main inflow of Atlantic Water followed the Svalbard continental slope eastward, while a second, narrower, branch stayed west and north of the Yermak Plateau. The water column above the southeastern flank of the Yermak Plateau was distinctly colder and less saline than the two inflow branches. Immediately west of the outer inflow branch comparatively high temperatures in the Atlantic Layer suggested that a part of the extraordinarily warm Atlantic Water, observed in the boundary current in the Eurasian Basin in the early 1990s, was now returning, within the Eurasian Basin, toward Fram Strait. The upper layer west of the Yermak Plateau was cold, deep and comparably saline, similar to what has recently been observed in the interior Eurasian Basin. Closer to the Greenland continental slope the salinity of the upper layer became much lower, and the temperature maximum of the Atlantic Layer was occasionally below 0.5 °C, indicating water masses mainly derived from the Canadian Basin. This implies that the warm pulse of Atlantic Water had not yet made a complete circuit around the Arctic Ocean. The Atlantic Water of the West Spitsbergen Current recirculating within the strait did not extend as far towards Greenland as in the 1980s, leaving a broader passage for waters from the Atlantic and intermediate layers, exiting the Arctic Ocean. A possible interpretation is that the circulation pattern alternates between a strong recirculation of the West Spitsbergen Current in the strait, and a larger exchange of Atlantic Water between the Nordic Seas and the inner parts of the Arctic Ocean.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-000-0687-5
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    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Transregional linkages in the north-eastern atlantic - An 'end-to-end' analysis of pelagic ecosystems (2009)
    CRC Pr.
    In:  Oceanography and Marine Biology - An Annual Review, 47 . pp. 1-76.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-27
    Beschreibung: This review examines interregional linkages and gives an overview perspective on marine ecosystem functioning in the north-eastern Atlantic. It is based on three of the 'systems' considered by the European Network of Excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis (EUR-OCEANS was established in 2004 under the European Framework VI funding programme to promote integration of marine ecological research within Europe), the Arctic and Nordic Seas, North Atlantic shelf seas and North Atlantic. The three systems share common open boundaries and the transport of water, heat, nutrients and particulates across these boundaries modifies local processes. Consistent with the EUR-OCEANS concept of 'end-to-end' analyses of marine food webs, the review takes an integrated approach linking ocean physics, lower trophic levels and working up the food web to top predators such as marine mammals. We begin with an overview of the regions focusing on the major physical patterns and their implications for the microbial community, phytoplankton, zooplankton, fish and top predators. Human-induced links between the regional systems are then considered and finally possible changes in the regional linkages over the next century are discussed. Because of the scale of potential impacts of climate change, this issue is considered in a separate section. The review demonstrates that the functioning of the ecosystems in each of the regions cannot be considered in isolation and the role of the atmosphere and ocean currents in linking the North Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic shelf seas and the Arctic and Nordic Seas must be taken into account. Studying the North Atlantic and associated shelf seas as an integrated 'basin-scale' system will be a key challenge for the early twenty-first century. This requires a multinational approach that should lead to improved ecosystem-based approaches to conservation of natural resources, the maintenance of biodiversity, and a better understanding of the key role of the north-eastern Atlantic in the global carbon cycle. © R.N. Gibson, R.J.A. Atkinson, and J.M.D. Gordon, Editors Talyor & Francis.
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 3
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    The EuroSITES open ocean observatory network: Results and future vision (2011)
    In:  [Talk] In: EGU General Assembly 2011, 03.-08.04.2011, Vienna, Austria .
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-02-19
    Materialart: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Vortrag
  • 4
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    The EuroSITES open ocean observatory network: The Data Managers’ perspective (2011)
    In:  [Talk] In: EGU General Assembly 2011, 03.-08.04.2011, Vienna, Austria .
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-02-19
    Materialart: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Vortrag
  • 5
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    Possible predictability in overflow from the Denmark Strait (1999)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 397 . pp. 243-246.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-02-28
    Beschreibung: The overflow and descent of cold dense water from the Denmark Strait sill-a submarine passage between Greenland and Iceland-is a principal means by which the deep ocean is ventilated, and is an important element in the global thermohaline circulation. Previous investigations of its variability-in particular, direct current measurements(1,2) in the overflow core since 1986-have shown surprisingly little evidence of long-term changes in now speed. Here we report significant changes in the overflow characteristics during the winter of 1996-97, measured using two current-meter moorings and an inverted echo sounder located at different depths in the fastest part of the now. The overflow warmed to the highest monthly value yet recorded (2.4 degrees C), and showed a pronounced slowing and thinning at its lower margin. We believe that the extreme warmth of the overflow caused it to run higher on the continental slope off east Greenland, so that the lower current meters and the echo sounder were temporarily outside and deeper than the fast-flowing core; model simulations appear to confirm this interpretation, We suggest that the extreme warmth of the overflow is a lagged response to a warming upstream in the Fram Strait three years earlier (caused by an exceptional amplification of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation). If this is so, over-now characteristics may be predictable.
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1038/16680
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  • 6
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    Gliders as a Component of Future Observing Systems (2010)
    OceanObs'09
    In:  In: Proceedings of the "OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society". , ed. by Hall, J., Harrison, D. E. and Stammer, D. ESA Publication, WPP-306 . OceanObs'09, Venice, Italy.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2012-07-06
    Materialart: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Buchkapitel
  • 7
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    THOR: long term observations of MOC variability in the North Atlantic (2009)
    In:  [Poster] In: MOCA-09, 19.-29.07, Montréal, Québec, Canada .
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2012-02-23
    Materialart: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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    OceanRep: Poster
  • 8
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    THOR: long term observations of MOC variability in the North Atlantic (2009)
    In:  [Poster] In: OceanObs'09, 21.-25.09, Venice, Italy .
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2012-02-23
    Materialart: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 9
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    Southern ocean carbon and heat impact on climate (2023)
    The Royal Society
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-02-07
    Beschreibung: The Southern Ocean greatly contributes to the regulation of the global climate by controlling important heat and carbon exchanges between the atmosphere and the ocean. Rates of climate change on decadal timescales are therefore impacted by oceanic processes taking place in the Southern Ocean, yet too little is known about these processes. Limitations come both from the lack of observations in this extreme environment and its inherent sensitivity to intermittent processes at scales that are not well captured in current Earth system models. The Southern Ocean Carbon and Heat Impact on Climate programme was launched to address this knowledge gap, with the overall objective to understand and quantify variability of heat and carbon budgets in the Southern Ocean through an investigation of the key physical processes controlling exchanges between the atmosphere, ocean and sea ice using a combination of observational and modelling approaches. Here, we provide a brief overview of the programme, as well as a summary of some of the scientific progress achieved during its first half. Advances range from new evidence of the importance of specific processes in Southern Ocean ventilation rate (e.g. storm-induced turbulence, sea-ice meltwater fronts, wind-induced gyre circulation, dense shelf water formation and abyssal mixing) to refined descriptions of the physical changes currently ongoing in the Southern Ocean and of their link with global climate.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Heat and carbon uptake in the Southern Ocean: the state of the art and future priorities'.
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Slowdown of Antarctic Bottom Water export driven by climatic wind and sea ice changes (2023)
    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-07-20
    Beschreibung: Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) is a key water mass in the global overturning circulation, flooding most of the world ocean abyss and pivotal for deep ocean ventilation and oceanic heat and carbon exchanges on multi-decadal to millennial timescales. The Weddell Sea contributes nearly half of global AABW through Weddell Sea Deep Water (WSDW), which along with denser underlying Weddell Sea Bottom Water (WSBW), is formed on the continental shelves via complex processes that include sea ice production. Here we report a multi-decadal decline of WSBW volume in repeat hydrographic sections. A 30% reduction of WSBW volume since 1992 is found, with the most significant volume decrease seen in the densest WSBW classes. This is likely driven by a multi-decadal reduction in dense water production on the Weddell Sea continental shelf associated with a 〉40% decline in the sea ice formation rate there. The ice production decrease is driven by northerly wind trends, partly in response to a negative polarity of the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation since the early 1990s, with variability from the Amundsen Sea Low superposed. These results reveal key influences on the export of waters to the Atlantic abyss and their sensitivity to large-scale, multi-decadal climate variability.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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