Note: Front Cover -- Metal-Organic Frameworks for Chemical Reactions -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of contributors -- 1 Metal-organic frameworks and their composites -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Metal-organic framework composites -- 1.2.1 Processing of metal-organic framework composites -- 1.2.2 Types of metal-organic framework composites -- 1.2.2.1 Metal-organic framework-polymer composites -- 1.2.2.2 Metal-organic framework-quantum dot composites -- 1.2.2.3 Metal-organic framework-metal nanoparticle composites -- 1.2.2.4 Metal-organic framework-graphene oxide composites -- 1.2.2.5 Metal-organic framework-polyoxometalate composites -- 1.2.2.6 Metal-organic framework-enzyme composites -- 1.2.2.7 Metal-organic framework-cellulose composites -- 1.2.2.8 Metal-organic framework-silica composites -- 1.2.2.9 Metal-organic framework-activated carbon composites -- 1.2.2.10 Metal-organic framework-aluminum composites -- 1.2.2.11 Metal-organic framework-molecular species composites -- 1.2.2.12 Metal-organic framework-hybrid composites -- 1.3 Characterization of metal-organic framework composites -- 1.3.1 X-ray diffraction analysis -- 1.3.2 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy -- 1.3.3 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy -- 1.3.4 Scanning electron microscopy analysis -- 1.4 Conclusion -- References -- 2 Metal-organic framework for batteries and supercapacitors -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Metal-organic frameworks -- 2.3 Metal-organic frameworks for batteries -- 2.3.1 Lithium-ion batteries -- 2.3.2 Sodium-ion batteries -- 2.3.3 Li-O2 batteries -- 2.3.4 Li-S batteries -- 2.4 Metal-organic frameworks for supercapacitors -- 2.4.1 Metallic oxides/sulfides for supercapacitors -- 2.4.2 Carbon for supercapacitors -- 2.5 Conclusion -- References -- 3 Titanium-based metal-organic frameworks for photocatalytic applications -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.1.1 The Ti-chemistry. , 3.2 Preparation of titanium-based metal-organic frameworks and the selection of precursors -- 3.2.1 Direct synthesis -- 3.2.2 Solvothermal synthesis -- 3.2.3 Ultrasonic and microwave-assisted synthesis -- 3.2.4 The method of coordination-covalent combination -- 3.2.5 Method of postsynthetic cation exchange -- 3.2.6 Vapor-assisted crystallization method -- 3.2.7 Synthesis of titanium-based metal-organic framework composites -- 3.3 The structure of titanium-based metal-organic frameworks -- 3.3.1 Photocatalytic application of titanium-based metal-organic frameworks -- 3.4 Photocatalytic oxidation reaction -- 3.4.1 Titanium-based metal-organic framework composites -- 3.4.2 Photocatalytic NO oxidation and antibacterial activity -- 3.4.3 Photocatalytic CO2 reduction -- 3.4.4 Photocatalytic H2 generation from water splitting -- 3.4.5 Photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants -- 3.4.6 Photocatalytic polymerization -- 3.4.7 Photocatalytic deoximation reaction -- 3.4.8 Photocatalytic sensors -- 3.5 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Electrochemical aspects of metal-organic frameworks -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Electrochemical synthesis of metal-organic frameworks -- 4.2.1 Direct electrosynthesis of metal-organic frameworks -- 4.2.1.1 Anodic dissolution -- 4.2.1.2 Reductive deprotonation -- 4.2.2 Indirect electrosynthesis of metal-organic frameworks -- 4.2.2.1 Anchoring of a linker -- 4.2.2.2 Galvanic displacement -- 4.2.2.3 Electrophoretic deposition -- 4.2.2.4 Self-templated synthesis from metal oxide/hydroxide nanostructures -- 4.3 Electrochemical applications of metal-organic frameworks -- 4.3.1 Battery applications of various metal-organic frameworks -- 4.3.1.1 Metal-organic frameworks for Li-ion batteries -- 4.3.1.2 Metal-organic frameworks for Li-S batteries and other batteries -- 4.3.2 Supercapacitors applications of various metal-organic frameworks. , 4.3.3 Electrocatalysis applications of various metal-organic frameworks -- 4.3.4 Electrochemical sensing applications of various metal-organic frameworks -- 4.3.5 Other electrochemical applications of metal-organic frameworks -- 4.4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 5 Permeable metal-organic frameworks for fuel (gas) storage applications -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Concept of porosity in fuel storage -- 5.3 Permeable metal-organic frameworks for H2 storage application -- 5.4 Permeable metal-organic frameworks for CH4 storage applications -- 5.5 Permeable metal-organic frameworks for C2H2 storage applications -- 5.6 Permeable metal-organic frameworks for CO2 storage applications -- 5.7 Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 6 Excessively paramagnetic metal organic framework nanocomposites -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Discussion and applications -- 6.3 Conclusion -- References -- 7 Expanding energy prospects of metal-organic frameworks -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Metal-organic frameworks in Li-ion batteries -- 7.3 Applications of metal-organic frameworks as electrode material for lithium-ion batteries -- 7.4 Applications of high conductive metal-organic frameworks -- 7.5 Utilization of metal-organic frameworks as electric double-layer capacitors (supercapacitors) -- 7.5.1 Applications of optimizing the surface area -- 7.6 Utilization of lithium-oxygen as separators -- 7.7 Utilization of solid-state electrolytes -- 7.8 Applications of electrode-electrolyte alliances -- 7.9 Fuel cell applications -- 7.10 Electrocatalytic applications -- 7.11 Conclusion -- References -- 8 Metal-organic framework-based materials and renewable energy -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 0D-metal-organic framework-based materials-nanoparticles -- 8.2.1 Multishell 0D-metal-organic framework-based materials-nanoparticles. , 8.2.2 Hollow 0D-metal-organic framework-based materials-nanoparticles -- 8.3 1D-metal-organic framework-based materials-nanoparticles -- 8.3.1 Nanotube 1D-metal-organic framework-based materials-nanoparticles -- 8.3.2 Nanorod 1D-metal-organic framework-based materials-nanoparticles -- 8.3.3 Nanowire 1D-metal-organic framework-based materials-nanoparticles -- 8.4 2D-metal-organic framework-based materials-nanoparticles -- 8.4.1 Nanosheet 2D-metal-organic framework-based materials-nanoparticles -- 8.4.2 Holey 2D-metal-organic framework-based materials-nanoparticles -- 8.5 3D-metal-organic framework-based materials-nanoparticles -- 8.5.1 Array 3D-metal-organic framework-based materials-nanoparticles -- 8.5.2 Hierarchical 3D-metal-organic framework-based materials-nanoparticles -- 8.5.3 Superstructured 3D-metal-organic framework-based materials-nanoparticles -- 8.6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 9 Applications of metal-organic frameworks in analytical chemistry -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Desirable characteristics of MOFs for analytical chemistry applications -- 9.3 Recent applications -- 9.3.1 Recent applications in sample preparation -- 9.3.1.1 Solid-phase extraction -- 9.3.1.2 Dispersive solid-phase extraction -- 9.3.1.3 Solid-phase microextraction -- 9.3.1.4 Matrix solid-phase dispersion -- 9.3.1.5 Stir bar sorptive extraction -- 9.3.2 Recent applications in chromatography -- 9.3.2.1 Gas chromatography -- 9.3.2.2 Liquid chromatography -- 9.3.2.3 Electrophoretic separations -- 9.3.3 Recent applications in sensor development -- 9.3.3.1 Electrochemical sensors -- 9.3.4 Electroluminescent/optical sensors -- 9.4 Conclusion and future remarks -- Acknowledgement -- References -- 10 Modified metal-organic frameworks as photocatalysts -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Structure, merits, and strategies -- 10.3 Metal-organic framework modification. , 10.3.1 Ligands and clusters -- 10.3.2 Metals -- 10.3.3 Semiconductors -- 10.3.4 Dyes -- 10.3.5 Composites/hybrids -- 10.4 Applications -- 10.4.1 Hydrogen production -- 10.4.2 Water splitting -- 10.4.3 Other applications -- 10.5 Conclusion and outlook -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- References -- 11 The sensing applications of metal-organic frameworks and their basic features affecting the fate of detection -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Type of metal-organic frameworks -- 11.2.1 MOF-5 -- 11.2.2 HKUST-1 -- 11.2.3 UiO -- 11.2.4 ZIF-8 and ZIF-67 -- 11.2.5 MOF-76 -- 11.2.6 MIL-101 -- 11.3 Pore diameter -- 11.4 Pore morphology -- 11.5 Combination with different nanoparticles -- 11.6 The sensing applications carried out with metal-organic frameworks -- 11.6.1 Gas-sensing applications -- 11.6.2 Metal ion sensing applications -- 11.6.3 Hydrophobic molecule sensing applications -- 11.7 Conclusion -- References -- 12 Thermomechanical and anticorrosion characteristics of metal-organic frameworks -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Design of metal-organic frameworks -- 12.2.1 Key structures in metal-organic frameworks -- 12.2.2 Dimensionality of metal-organic frameworks -- 12.2.3 Methods for the construction of metal-organic framework structures -- 12.2.3.1 Hydro(solvo)thermal method -- 12.2.3.2 Microwave and ultrasonic methods -- 12.2.3.3 Electrochemical production -- 12.2.3.4 Diffusion method -- 12.2.3.5 Mechanochemical synthesis -- 12.2.3.6 Solvent evaporation and isothermal synthesis -- 12.3 Stability of metal-organic frameworks -- 12.3.1 Various aspects regarding the stability of metal-organic frameworks -- 12.3.1.1 Thermal stability of metal-organic frameworks -- 12.3.1.2 Mechanical stability -- 12.3.1.3 Chemical stability -- 12.3.1.4 Water stability -- 12.4 Application -- 12.4.1 Anticorrosion properties of metal-organic frameworks. , 12.4.1.1 Metal-organic frameworks as a corrosion inhibitors.