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  • 1
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    Energy content of macrobenthic invertebrates: general conversion factors from weight to energy (1988)
    Elsevier
    In:  Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 117 (3). pp. 271-278.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-21
    Description: In ecological studies, especially in those dealing with energy circulation in nature, determinations of the energy content of organisms are inevitable. Energy determinations are, however, laborious and time-consuming. Average conversion factors based on different species form various areas and seasons may often be a shortcut for overcoming this problem. To establish general energy conversion factors for aquatic invertebrate groups, we used 376 values of J · mg−1 DW and 255 values of J · mg−1 AFDW, representing 308 and 229 species, respectively. The dry-weight-to-energy factors were highly variable both within and between taxonomic groups, e.g.: Porifera, 6.1 J · mg−1 DW; insect larvae, 22.4 J · mg−1 DW (median values). The energy-conversion factors related to AFDW showed a much smaller dispersion with a minimum median value of 19.7 J · mg−1 AFDW (Ascidiacea) and a maximum of 23.8 J · mg−1 AFDW (insect larvae). Within taxonomic groups, the 95% confidence intervals (AFDW) were only a few percent of the median values. The use of energy-conversion factors based on AFDW is preferable due to their lower dispersion. For aquatic macrobenthic invertebrates, a general conversion factor of 23 J · mg−1 AFDW can be used.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/0022-0981(88)90062-7
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    Integration of sustainability, stakeholder and process approaches for sustainable offshore wind farm decommissioning (2021)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, 147, ISSN: 1364-0321
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-08
    Description: At the end of their operational life offshore wind farms need to be decommissioned. Up to date only few offshore wind farms were decommissioned, so there is a lack of experience and knowledge and decommissioning processes are largely unknown. Also, relevant stakeholders that might interfere with the decommissioning project are poorly investigated. As source of renewable energy, offshore wind farm decommissioning should be sustainable. This paper outlines a practical concept of integrating the three approaches for a sustainable decommissioning of offshore wind farms. It comprises a stakeholder approach, where relevant stakeholders are identified and analysed, a sustainability approach, in which objectives for sustainable offshore wind farm decommissioning are defined, and a process approach, including the selection, documentation and parametrization of decommissioning processes. The theoretical concept of the integration of the three approaches is outlined first. Thereafter the concept is applied on a case study of offshore wind farm decommissioning.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 3
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    Persistent organic pollutants in four bivalve species from Svalbard waters (2012)
    Elsevier ACADEMIC PRESS INC
    In:  EPIC3Environmental Pollution, Elsevier ACADEMIC PRESS INC, 161, pp. 134-142
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: Organochlorine compounds (OC) were determined in Arctic bivalves (Mya truncata, Serripes groenlandicus, Hiatella arctica, Chlamys islandica) from Svalbard with regard to differences in geographic location, species and variations related to their size and age. Higher chlorinated polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB 101- PCB 194), chlordanes and α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH) were consistently detected in the bivalves and PCBs dominated the OC load in the organisms. OC concentrations were highest in Mya truncata and the lowest in Serripes groenlandicus. Species-specific OC levels were likely related to differences in the species' food source, as indicated by the δ13C results, rather than size and age. Higher OC concentrations were observed in bivalves from Kongsfjorden compared to the northern sampling locations Liefdefjorden and Sjuøyane. The spatial differences might be related to different water masses influencing Kongsfjorden (Atlantic) and the northern locations (Arctic), with differing phytoplankton bloom situations.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 4
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    Physiological capacity of Cancer setosus larvae — Adaptation to El Niño Southern Oscillation conditions (2012)
    Elsevier ACADEMIC PRESS INC
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, Elsevier ACADEMIC PRESS INC, 413, pp. 100-105, ISSN: 0022-0981
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: Temperature changes during ENSO challenge the fauna of the Pacific South American coast. In many ectotherm benthic species pelagic larvae are the most important dispersal stage, which may, however, be particularly vulnerable to such environmental stress. Thermal limitation in aquatic ecotherms is hypothesized to be reflected first in the aerobic scope of an animal. Here we present results on whole animal oxygen consumption and on the activities of two metabolic key enzymes, citrate synthase (CS) and pyruvate kinase (PK)) of Cancer setosus zoeal larvae, acclimated to different temperatures. Larvae acclimated to cooler temperatures (12 and 16 °C) were able to compensate for the temperature effect as reflected in elevated mass specific respiration rates (MSR) and enzyme activities. In contrast, warm acclimated larvae (20 and 22 °C) seem to have reached their upper thermal limits, which is reflected in MSR decoupling from temperature and low Q10 values (Zoea I: 1.4; Zoea III: 1.02). Thermal deactivation of CS in vitro occurred close to habitat temperature (between 20 and 24 °C), indicating instability of the enzyme close to in vivo thermal limits. The capacity of anaerobic metabolism, reflected by PK, was not influenced by temperature, but increased with instar, reflecting behavioral changes in larval life style. Functioning of the metabolic key enzyme CS was identified to be one possible key for larval limitation in temperature tolerance.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 5
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    Exploring spatial similarity and performance among marine protected area planning scenarios: The case of the Weddell Sea, Antarctica (2022)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Global Ecology and Conservation, Elsevier, 38
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-30
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 6
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    Late Holocene Ameghinomya antiqua shells from the Beagle Channel: A multi-proxy approach to palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic reconstruction (2021)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, Elsevier, 578, pp. 110574
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-13
    Description: It is important to understand the historical precedents of current situations to be able to anticipate where the current global environmental and climatic change may lead. Geo-historical data provide information beyond the limitations of instrumental data. This study aims to reconstruct components of the palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental history of the Beagle Channel (BC) during the Late Holocene by using Ameghinomya antiqua shells. We use fossil and modern shells in a comparative analysis through a multiproxy approach, i.e., shell morphometrics, shell growth, and stable oxygen isotope ratios. A holistic analysis of all the proxies indicates that higher productivity occurred around 3542 yr B.P. in the BC, evidenced by more significant growth, size, and longevity in fossil specimens. In addition, smaller ligaments, cardinal teeth, and the pallial sinus in fossil specimens indicate a low-energy environment typical of a marine archipelago. Lastly, palaeotemperatures are estimated to be warmer than today, although the intensity may be overestimated due to the freshwater inflow that would change the salinity of the BC waters. Further analysis in Late-Holocene shells is essential for a more detailed environmental reconstruction around the southern tip of South America.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 7
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    Corrigendum to “Organism functional traits and ecosystem supporting services – A novel approach to predict bioirrigation” [Ecol. Indic. 91 (2018) 737–743] (2020)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Ecological Indicators, Elsevier, 119, pp. 106715-106715, ISSN: 1470-160X
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-31
    Description: The authors regret that the specified units of bioirrigation activity (Ic) and the indices (i.e. IPc,AFDM, IPc,WM, BPc,WM, BPc,AFDM) were incorrect in the original publication. Bioirrigation activity was presented in l/m25 min rather than in l/m2h and the indices were calculated per experimental core rather than per m2. Nevertheless, this does not affect the results and also the conclusions remain unchanged. AICc values for the best models of IPc,AFDM, IPc,WM, BPc,WM, BPc,AFDM have not changed in relation to each other, although they differ in value. The corrected version of Appendix B includes the corrected statistical details (i.e. AICc values). The corrected version of the Fig. 1 is provided below. The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
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  • 8
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    Decommissioning of offshore wind farms and its impact on benthic ecology (2023)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Environmental Management, Elsevier, 347, pp. 119022-119022, ISSN: 0301-4797
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-31
    Description: At the end of their operational life time offshore wind farms need to be decommissioned. How and to what extent the removal of the underwater structures impairs the ecosystem that developed during the operational phase of the wind farm is not known. So, decision makers face a knowledge gap, making the consideration of such ecological impacts challenging when planning decommissioning. This study evaluates how complete or partial decommissioning of foundation structure and scour protection layer impacts local epibenthic macrofauna biodiversity. We assessed three decommissioning alternatives (one for complete and two for partial removal) regarding their impact on epibenthic macrofauna species richness. The results imply that leaving the scour protection layer in situ will preserve a considerable number of species while cutting of the foundation structure above seabed will be beneficial for the fauna of such foundation structures where no scour protection is installed. These results should be taken with a grain of salt, as the current data base is rather limited. Data need to be improved substantially to allow for reliable statements and sound advice regarding the ecological impact of offshore wind farm decommissioning.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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