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  • 2015-2019  (26)
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Year
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Newark :John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated,
    Keywords: Drift. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (401 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781118652589
    Series Statement: The Cryosphere Science Series
    DDC: 551.31/4
    Language: English
    Note: Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 1 Glacigenic Diamictons - A Rationale for Study -- Chapter 2 A Brief History of Till Research and Developing Nomenclature -- Chapter 3 Till - When is it an Inappropriate Term? -- Chapter 4 Glacigenic Diamictons: A Strategy for Field Description and Analysis -- 4.1 Diamicton -- 4.2 (Glacigenic) Melange -- 4.3 Physics of Material Behaviour -- 4.4 Typical Structures -- 4.5 Clast Macrofabrics and Microfabrics -- Chapter 5 Subglacial Sedimentary Processes: Origins of Till Matrix and Terminal Grade -- Chapter 6 Subglacial Sedimentary Processes: Modern Observations on Till Evolution -- 6.1 Lodgement, Lee-Side Cavity Filling and Ploughing -- 6.2 Deformation -- 6.3 Soft-Bed Sliding (Ice Keel Ploughing), Meltwater Drainage and Ice-Bed Decoupling -- 6.4 Melt-Out -- 6.5 Glacitectonite Production, Rafting and Cannibalisation -- Chapter 7 Subglacial Sedimentary Processes: Laboratory and Modelling Experiments on Till Evolution -- Chapter 8 Measuring Strain Signatures in Glacial Deposits -- Chapter 9 The Geological Record: Products of Lodgement, Cavity Fill and the Boulder Pavement Problem -- 9.1 Introduction - Repositioning Field Studies and Experimental Reductionism -- 9.2 Lodgement -- 9.3 Clast (Boulder) Pavements -- 9.4 Lee-side Cavity Fills -- Chapter 10 The Geological Record: Deforming Bed Deposits -- Chapter 11 The Geological Record: Sliding Bed Deposits -- Chapter 12 The Geological Record: Impacts of Pressurised Water (Clastic Dykes) -- Chapter 13 The Geological Record: Melt-out Till -- Chapter 14 The Geological Record: Glacitectonite -- Chapter 15 Glacial Diamictons Unrelated to Subglacial Processes -- Chapter 16 Till Spatial Mosaics, Temporal Variability and Architecture -- Chapter 17 Concluding Remarks: The Case for a Simplified Nomenclature -- References -- Index -- EULA.
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  • 2
    Keywords: History. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (1108 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781493929603
    Series Statement: Perspectives in Physiology Series
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Preface -- Introduction -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Beginnings at Harpswell, Maine -- Bibliography -- Chapter 2: Early Years on Mount Desert Island: The First Generation -- Bibliography -- Chapter 3: The Second Generation: MDIBL in the 1930s -- Bibliography -- Chapter 4: Wartime and the Early Postwar Years: Bust and Boom at the MDIBL -- Bibliography -- Chapter 5: MDIBL in the Postwar: The Third Generation -- Bibliography -- Chapter 6: Mid Century: The Third-Generation Redux -- Bibliography -- Chapter 7: Year-Round Operation: The First Attempt -- Bibliography -- Chapter 8: Research in the 1970s: The Fourth Generation -- Bibliography -- Chapter 9: MDIBL in the 1980s: Doors Close, Doors Open -- Bibliography -- Chapter 10: Research in the 1980s: The Fifth Generation -- Bibliography -- Chapter 11: The Centennial Decade of the MDIBL -- Bibliography -- Chapter 12: Research in the 1990s: Molecular Biology Comes to the MDIBL -- Bibliography -- Chapter 13: The MDIBL in the Early Twenty-First Century: A New Beginning -- Bibliography -- Chapter 14: Research in the Early Twenty-First Century: The Year-Round Research Program Comes of Age -- Bibliography -- Epilogue -- Species Index -- Subject Index.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    London : Geological Society
    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Paläogeografie ; Kontinentalverschiebung ; Plattentektonik ; Akkretion ; Kraton ; Paläotektonik ; Pangaea ; Rodinia ; Geochronologie ; Paläomagnetismus ; Tektonik
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Geological society special publications 424
    DDC: 551.136
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Note: Dateiformat Volltext: PDF, abstracts
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: The response of the marine carbon cycle to changes in atmospheric CO2 concentrations will be determined, in part, by the relative response of calcifying and non-calcifying organisms to global change. Planktonic foraminifera are responsible for a quarter or more of global carbonate production, therefore understanding the sensitivity of calcification in these organisms to environmental change is critical. Despite this, there remains little consensus as to whether, or to what extent, chemical and physical factors affect foraminiferal calcification. To address this, we directly test the effect of multiple controls on calcification in culture experiments and core-top measurements of Globigerinoides ruber. We find that two factors, body size and the carbonate system, strongly influence calcification intensity in life, but that exposure to corrosive bottom waters can overprint this signal post mortem. Using a simple model for the addition of calcite through ontogeny, we show that variable body size between and within datasets could complicate studies that examine environmental controls on foraminiferal shell weight. In addition, we suggest that size could ultimately play a role in determining whether calcification will increase or decrease with acidification. Our models highlight that knowledge of the specific morphological and physiological mechanisms driving ontogenetic change in calcification in different species will be critical in predicting the response of foraminiferal calcification to future change in atmospheric pCO2.
    Keywords: Aragonite saturation state; Area; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification intensity; Calcification intensity, standard error; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chamber number; Chromista; Coast and continental shelf; Experiment; Foraminifera; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Globigerinoides ruber; Growth/Morphology; Heterotrophic prokaryotes; Laboratory experiment; Magnesium/Calcium ratio; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard error; Red Sea; Salinity; Single species; Species; Temperate; Temperature, water; Type
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 264 data points
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: La Siguanea inlet, one of the two inlets present in the Gulf of Batabanó, contains essential habitats such as seagrass beds and mangroves. However, it has been poorly studied and currently there is little information about the biological diversity in the area. The aim of this study was to make the first check list of fishes on this region of the Cuban archipelago. We used complementary methodologies such as multiple seine nets, gill net, drum lines, visual census and underwater video census. The inventory recorded 122 species of fishes distributed in 53 families. The best represented families were Haemulidae, Lutjanidae, Scaridae, Carangidae, Monacanthidae and Gerreidae. This finding coincided partially with similar studies done in other Cuban shelf areas, although the order of these may vary. During the surveys a high proportion of juvenile fishes was found, which suggests a possible nursery site that could be playing an important role in fish stocks in the area. This result contributes to raise the knowledge about marine biodiversity in Cuba and also for the Caribbean, providing a baseline of fish for the area. In this work we found a high diversity of fishes in La Siguanea inlet, as well as a high proportion of juveniles. Future studies that explore the composition and structure of fish stocks in the area are required; as well as studies on the possible connectivity between this area and the reefs in Punta Francés. Allowing a better understanding of ecological processes in the area, and in turn a better use and management of these natural resources.
    Description: La Ensenada de la Siguanea es una de las dos ensenadas presentes en el Golfo de Batabanó, en la cual se pueden encontrar importantes hábitats para el desarrollo de los peces como son los pastizales y los manglares. No obstante, esta ensenada ha sido poco estudiada y se cuenta con poca información sobre la diversidad biológica en el área. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar, por primera vez para el área, un inventario de las especies de peces. Se emplearon diferentes metodologías de muestreo como redes de pesca, palangres, censos visuales y videos bajoel agua. Se inventariaron 122 especies de peces distribuidas en 53 familias. Las familias más diversas fueron Haemulidae, Lutjanidae, Scaridae, Carangidae, Monacanthidae y Gerreidae, coincidiendo parcialmente con resultados previos en otras regiones del país, aunque su orden puede variar. En los muestreos se encontró una alta proporción de juveniles de peces, sugiriendo que esta es una zona de crianza, que puede tener un rol importante en las poblaciones de peces en el área. Estos resultados contribuyen al conocimiento de la diversidad marina en Cuba y el Caribe, proporcionado una línea base de la ictiofauna para la Ensenada de la Siguanea. En este trabajo se encontró una alta diversidad de de peces en la Siguanea, así como un elevada proporción de juveniles. Se requieren de estudios futuros que exploren la composición y estructura de las poblaciones de peces en el área, así como la posible conectividad entre esta área y el Parque Nacional Punta Francés. Esto permitirá un mejor entendimiento de los procesos ecológicos en el área, y un mejor uso y manejo de los recursos naturales.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Diversidad ; Peces ; Inventario ; Diversity ; Fishes ; Inventory
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Not Known
    Format: pp. 29-45
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2020-02-06
    Description: The response of the marine carbon cycle to changes in atmospheric CO2 concentrations will be determined, in part, by the relative response of calcifying and non-calcifying organisms to global change. Planktonic foraminifera are responsible for a quarter or more of global carbonate production, therefore understanding the sensitivity of calcification in these organisms to environmental change is critical. Despite this, there remains little consensus as to whether, or to what extent, chemical and physical factors affect foraminiferal calcification. To address this, we directly test the effect of multiple controls on calcification in culture experiments and core-top measurements of Globigerinoides ruber. We find that two factors, body size and the carbonate system, strongly influence calcification intensity in life, but that exposure to corrosive bottom waters can overprint this signal post mortem. Using a simple model for the addition of calcite through ontogeny, we show that variable body size between and within datasets could complicate studies that examine environmental controls on foraminiferal shell weight. In addition, we suggest that size could ultimately play a role in determining whether calcification will increase or decrease with acidification. Our models highlight that knowledge of the specific morphological and physiological mechanisms driving ontogenetic change in calcification in different species will be critical in predicting the response of foraminiferal calcification to future change in atmospheric pCO2.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: archive
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: The process by which foraminifera precipitate calcite from seawater has received much attention, in part because a mechanistic basis for empirical calibrations between shell chemistry and environmental parameters is desirable given their widespread application in palaeoceanography. The incorporation of fluorescent membrane-impermeable molecules into the shell demonstrates that seawater, transported by vacuolisation, is present at the site of calcification. However, recent discussion has focused on whether the calcium required for chamber formation is sourced predominantly by transmembrane Ca transport (TMT), with seawater vacuolisation playing a passive role, or vice versa. This debate has arisen in part because of the need to explain the low Mg/Ca ratio of most foraminifera compared to inorganic calcite. Here, we present trace element data of Operculina ammonoides and Globigerinoides ruber, a high-Mg shallow benthic, and low-Mg planktonic species respectively, cultured under variable seawater carbonate and elemental chemistries. We find that Mg incorporation in high and low-Mg species is characterised by an opposite response to the carbonate system, demonstrating that the negative relationship between Mg/Ca and pH or [ CO32- ] in several low-Mg foraminifera is not an intrinsic feature of foraminiferal (or inorganic) calcite precipitation. Therefore, any biomineralisation model must be able to explain why the mechanism by which seawater Mg/Ca is reduced is impacted by the carbonate system. Moreover, we show that trace element incorporation in G. ruber is consistent with Rayleigh fractionation from unmodified seawater except for Mg-removal, but in very poor agreement with a biomineralisation site [Ca] substantially elevated above that of seawater as required by the TMT hypothesis. In addition, any biomineralisation model must explain the nonlinear relationship between seawater and shell Mg/Ca, and the large number of seawater vacuoles observed in some species. Although there are important inter-species differences in biomineralisation, evident from the observed range of shell Mg/Ca ratios, we argue that these differences are mechanistically related to the degree of Mg exclusion prior to chamber formation. Indeed, whilst our data for both low-Mg and high-Mg species are consistent with biomineralisation via ions sourced through seawater vacuolisation, it is difficult to reconcile many of these observations with a model based on significant transmembrane Ca transport.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2020-02-06
    Description: Past warm periods provide an opportunity to evaluate climate models under extreme forcing scenarios, in particular high ( 〉  800 ppmv) atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Although a post hoc intercomparison of Eocene ( ∼  50  Ma) climate model simulations and geological data has been carried out previously, models of past high-CO2 periods have never been evaluated in a consistent framework. Here, we present an experimental design for climate model simulations of three warm periods within the early Eocene and the latest Paleocene (the EECO, PETM, and pre-PETM). Together with the CMIP6 pre-industrial control and abrupt 4 ×  CO2 simulations, and additional sensitivity studies, these form the first phase of DeepMIP – the Deep-time Model Intercomparison Project, itself a group within the wider Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP). The experimental design specifies and provides guidance on boundary conditions associated with palaeogeography, greenhouse gases, astronomical configuration, solar constant, land surface processes, and aerosols. Initial conditions, simulation length, and output variables are also specified. Finally, we explain how the geological data sets, which will be used to evaluate the simulations, will be developed.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: The early Eocene (56 to 48 million years ago) is inferred to have been the most recent time that Earth's atmospheric CO2 concentrations exceeded 1000 ppm. Global mean temperatures were also substantially warmer than present day. As such, study of early Eocene climate provides insight into how a super-warm Earth system behaves and offers an opportunity to 10 evaluate climate models under conditions of high greenhouse gas forcing. The Deep Time Model Intercomparison Project (DeepMIP) is a systematic model-model and model-data intercomparison of three early Paleogene time slices: latest Paleocene, Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum and early Eocene climatic optimum. A previous article outlined the model experimental design for climate model simulations. In this article, we outline the methodologies to be used for the compilation and analysis of climate proxy data, primarily proxies for temperature and CO2. This paper establishes the protocols for a concerted and 15 coordinated effort to compile the climate proxy records across a wide geographic range. The resulting climate "atlas" will be used to constrain and evaluate climate models for the three selected time intervals, and provide insights into the mechanisms that control these warm climate states. We provide version 0.1 of this database, in anticipation that this will be expanded in subsequent publications.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: archive
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-03-21
    Description: Here we present a comprehensive attempt to correlate aragonitic Na∕Ca ratios from Desmophyllum pertusum (formerly known as Lophelia pertusa), Madrepora oculata and a caryophylliid cold-water coral (CWC) species with different seawater parameters such as temperature, salinity and pH. Living CWC specimens were collected from 16 different locations and analyzed for their Na∕Ca ratios using solution-based inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) measurements. The results reveal no apparent correlation with salinity (30.1–40.57 g kg−1) but a significant inverse correlation with temperature (−0.31±0.04  mmolmol−1∘C−1). Other marine aragonitic organisms such as Mytilus edulis (inner aragonitic shell portion) and Porites sp. exhibit similar results highlighting the consistency of the calculated CWC regressions. Corresponding Na∕Mg ratios show a similar temperature sensitivity to Na∕Ca ratios, but the combination of two ratios appears to reduce the impact of vital effects and domain-dependent geochemical variation. The high degree of scatter and elemental heterogeneities between the different skeletal features in both Na∕Ca and Na∕Mg, however, limit the use of these ratios as a proxy and/or make a high number of samples necessary. Additionally, we explore two models to explain the observed temperature sensitivity of Na∕Ca ratios for an open and semi-enclosed calcifying space based on temperature-sensitive Na- and Ca-pumping enzymes and transport proteins that change the composition of the calcifying fluid and consequently the skeletal Na∕Ca ratio.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
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