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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    El Niño southern oscillation in a changing climate (2020)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-American Geophysical Union
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Climatic changes ; Ocean-atmosphere interaction ; Climatic changes ; Ocean-atmosphere interaction ; El Niño Current ; Pacific Ocean ; El Niño Current ; El-Niño-Phänomen ; Southern oscillation ; Klimaänderung
    Description / Table of Contents: "Comprehensive and up-to-date information on Earth's most dominant year-to-year climate variation The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Pacific Ocean has major worldwide social and economic consequences through its global scale effects on atmospheric and oceanic circulation, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and other natural systems. Ongoing climate change is projected to significantly alter ENSO's dynamics and impacts. El Niño Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate presents the latest theories, models, and observations, and explores the challenges of forecasting ENSO as the climate continues to change. Volume highlights include: Historical background on ENSO and its societal consequences - Review of key El Niño (ENSO warm phase) and La Niña (ENSO cold phase) characteristics - Mathematical description of the underlying physical processes that generate ENSO variations - Conceptual framework for understanding ENSO changes on decadal and longer time scales, including the response to greenhouse gas forcing ENSO impacts on extreme ocean, weather, and climate events, including tropical cyclones, and how ENSO affects fisheries and the global carbon cycle - Advances in modeling, paleo-reconstructions, and operational climate forecasting - Future projections of ENSO and its impacts - Factors influencing ENSO events, such as inter-basin climate interactions and volcanic eruptions"--
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Edition: First edition
    ISBN: 9781119548119 , 111954811X , 9781119548164
    Series Statement: Geophysical monograph series
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119548164
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119548164
    URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781119548164
    DOI: 10.1002/9781119548164
    DDC: 551.5/24648
    Language: English
    Note: Includes index , Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 2
    Book
    Book
    El Niño southern oscillation in a changing climate (2021)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-American Geophysical Union
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Climatic changes ; Ocean-atmosphere interaction ; El Niño Current ; El-Niño-Phänomen ; Southern oscillation ; Klimaänderung
    Description / Table of Contents: "Comprehensive and up-to-date information on Earth's most dominant year-to-year climate variation The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Pacific Ocean has major worldwide social and economic consequences through its global scale effects on atmospheric and oceanic circulation, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and other natural systems. Ongoing climate change is projected to significantly alter ENSO's dynamics and impacts. El Niño Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate presents the latest theories, models, and observations, and explores the challenges of forecasting ENSO as the climate continues to change. Volume highlights include: Historical background on ENSO and its societal consequences - Review of key El Niño (ENSO warm phase) and La Niña (ENSO cold phase) characteristics - Mathematical description of the underlying physical processes that generate ENSO variations - Conceptual framework for understanding ENSO changes on decadal and longer time scales, including the response to greenhouse gas forcing ENSO impacts on extreme ocean, weather, and climate events, including tropical cyclones, and how ENSO affects fisheries and the global carbon cycle - Advances in modeling, paleo-reconstructions, and operational climate forecasting - Future projections of ENSO and its impacts - Factors influencing ENSO events, such as inter-basin climate interactions and volcanic eruptions"--
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: XVI, 506 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: First edition
    ISBN: 9781119548126
    Series Statement: Geophysical monograph series 253
    URL: https://www.gbv.de/dms/tib-ub-hannover/1702986012.pdf
    DDC: 551.5/24648
    Language: English
    Note: Includes index , Includes bibliographical references and index
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    GEOMAR CATALOGUE
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The different behaviour of modeled ocean circulation under an atmosphere with different heat capacity (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of oceanography 51 (1995), S. 499-517 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-868X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract We examine the difference in modeled thermohaline circulation under an atmosphere with no heat capacity (NHC) and infinite heat capacity (IHC) in a series of numerical experiments using the Bryan/Cox OGCM. An NHC atmosphere allows ocean sea surface temperatures to respond to changes in oceanic poleward heat transport, inferring an atmosphere that is allowed to seek its equilibrium temperature, whereas an IHC atmosphere does not. This is responsible for the following different behaviour patterns under the two atmospheres: 1) under NHC atmosphere, oceanic thermal oscillation persists, whereas under IHC atmosphere it does not; 2) under NHC atmosphere, the oceanic thermohaline circulation is less sensitive to high latitude freshening than under IHC atmosphere; 3) under either atmosphere, multiple equilibrium solutions are possible. However, under NHC atmosphere, two equilibria of the thermohaline circulation are generated in the same way as in the GFDL fully coupled model, while under IHC atmosphere, they are not.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02270521
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
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    Transport of Anthropogenic Carbon From the Antarctic Shelf to Deep Southern Ocean Triggers Acidification (2023)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Flow of dense shelf water provide an efficient mechanism for pumping CO 2 to the deep ocean along the continental shelf slope, particularly around the Antarctic bottom water (AABW) formation areas where much of the global bottom water is formed. However, the contribution of the formation of AABW to sequestering anthropogenic carbon ( C ant ) and its consequences remain unclear. Here, we show prominent transport of C ant (25.0 ± 4.7 Tg C yr −1 ) into the deep ocean (〉2,000 m) in four AABW formation regions around Antarctica based on an integrated observational data set (1974–2018). This maintains a lower C ant in the upper waters than that of other open oceans to sustain a stronger CO 2 uptake capacity (16.9 ± 3.8 Tg C yr −1 ). Nevertheless, the accumulation of C ant can further trigger acidification of AABW at a rate of −0.0006 ± 0.0001 pH unit yr −1 . Our findings elucidate the prominent role of AABW in controlling the Southern Ocean carbon uptake and storage to mitigate climate change, whereas its side effects (e.g., acidification) could also spread to other ocean basins via the global ocean conveyor belt. Plain Language Summary The Southern Ocean is thought to uptake and store a large amount of anthropogenic CO 2 ( C ant ), but little attention has been paid to the Antarctic coastal regions in the south of 60°S, mainly due to the lack of observations. Based on an integrated data set, we discovered the deep penetration of C ant and a visible pattern of relatively high concentration of C ant along the AABW formation pathway, and the concentration of C ant along the shelf‐slope is higher than that of other marginal seas at low‐mid latitudes, implying a highly effective C ant transport in AABW formation areas. We also found strong upper‐layer CO 2 uptake and a significant acidification rate in the deep waters of the Southern Ocean due to the AABW‐driven CO 2 transport, which is 3 times faster than those in other deep oceans. It is therefore crucial to understand how the Antarctic shelf regions affect the global carbon cycle through the uptake and transport of anthropogenic CO 2 , which also drives acidification in the other ocean basins. Key Points We show evidence for the accumulation of C ant along the Antarctic shelf‐slope into the deep ocean The process of AABW formation drives C ant downward transport at 25.0 ± 4.7 Tg C yr −1 , sustaining the CO 2 uptake in the surface ocean This further triggers acidification of AABW at a rate of −0.0006 ± 0.0001 pH unit yr −1 , which is faster than in other deep oceans
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Changing El Niño–Southern Oscillation in a warming climate (2021)
    Nature Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Originating in the equatorial Pacific, the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has highly consequential global impacts, motivating the need to understand its responses to anthropogenic warming. In this Review, we synthesize advances in observed and projected changes of multiple aspects of ENSO, including the processes behind such changes. As in previous syntheses, there is an inter-model consensus of an increase in future ENSO rainfall variability. Now, however, it is apparent that models that best capture key ENSO dynamics also tend to project an increase in future ENSO sea surface temperature variability and, thereby, ENSO magnitude under greenhouse warming, as well as an eastward shift and intensification of ENSO-related atmospheric teleconnections — the Pacific–North American and Pacific–South American patterns. Such projected changes are consistent with palaeoclimate evidence of stronger ENSO variability since the 1950s compared with past centuries. The increase in ENSO variability, though underpinned by increased equatorial Pacific upper-ocean stratification, is strongly influenced by internal variability, raising issues about its quantifiability and detectability. Yet, ongoing coordinated community efforts and computational advances are enabling long-simulation, large-ensemble experiments and high-resolution modelling, offering encouraging prospects for alleviating model biases, incorporating fundamental dynamical processes and reducing uncertainties in projections. Key points Under anthropogenic warming, the majority of climate models project faster background warming in the eastern equatorial Pacific compared with the west. The observed equatorial Pacific surface warming pattern since 1980, though opposite to the projected faster warming in the equatorial eastern Pacific, is within the inter-model range in terms of sea surface temperature (SST) gradients and is subject to influence from internal variability. El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) rainfall responses in the equatorial Pacific are projected to intensify and shift eastward, leading to an eastward intensification of extratropical teleconnections. ENSO SST variability and extreme ENSO events are projected to increase under greenhouse warming, with a stronger inter-model consensus in CMIP6 compared with CMIP5. However, the time of emergence for ENSO SST variability is later than that for ENSO rainfall variability, opposite to that for mean SST versus mean rainfall. Future ENSO change is likely influenced by past variability, such that quantification of future ENSO in the only realization of the real world is challenging. Although there is no definitive relationship of ENSO variability with the mean zonal SST gradient or seasonal cycle, palaeoclimate records suggest a causal connection between vertical temperature stratification and ENSO strength, and a greater ENSO strength since the 1950s than in past centuries, supporting an emerging increase in ENSO variability under greenhouse warming.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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