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  • 1
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    Respiration rates of tropical Atlantic copepods in relation to the oxygen minimum zone (2013)
    Elsevier
    In:  Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 448 . pp. 28-36.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Highlights: • Optode respirometry is an effective new method for copepod respiration measurements. • Respiration rates and Q10 values were established for tropical Atlantic key species. • Respiration was influenced by body mass, temperature and species-specific behavior. • Depth of occurrence did not have a significant effect on standardized respiration. • The oxygen minimum zone did not yet fundamentally impact copepod ecophysiology Abstract Zooplankton respiration plays an important role in the carbon cycling of pelagic ecosystems. The rate of oxygen consumption in zooplankton is affected by the physical environment, vertical distribution range and species-specific behavior. Especially in tropical oceans, oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) may influence zooplankton metabolic processes and vertical distribution and thus structure zooplankton communities. Here we present respiration rates of tropical Atlantic copepods in relation to environmental factors, especially O2 concentration, and species-specific characteristics. Copepods were sampled during two research stays on the Cape Verde Island São Vicente in March/April and May/June 2010. Minimum O2 concentrations of 51 μmol kg− 1 (pO2 of 4.25 kPa) at 400 m depth were recorded within the OMZ. Respiration rates of epi- and mesopelagic calanoid copepods were measured by optode respirometry at three different ambient temperatures (13, 18, and 23 °C) to establish the effect of temperature on metabolic rates. Mass-specific oxygen consumption ranged from 27 μmol O2 gDM− 1 h− 1 in copepodids C5 of Lophothrix sp. at 13 °C to 774 μmol O2 gDM− 1 h− 1 in Pleuromamma xiphias copepodids C5 at 18 °C and was mainly controlled by body mass and temperature. Mass-specific respiration rates were highest in surface-dwelling organisms and decreased with increasing depth. To allow for a comparison of shallow and deep-living copepods, respiration rates were standardized to a common temperature of 18 °C and a mean body dry mass of 0.5 mg, applying a Q10 of 2.0 and a body mass exponent of − 0.56. Temperature- and body mass-corrected respiration rates did not decrease with increasing depth indicating that neither depth of occurrence, nor current hypoxic conditions within the OMZ had a fundamental, persistent effect on zooplankton respiration.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jembe.2013.06.012
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    Copepod community ingestion and respiration in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean during POLARSTERN cruise PS81 (ANT-XXIX/1) (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  University of Bremen, Marine Zoology | Supplement to: Bode, Maya; Koppelmann, Rolf; Teuber, Lena; Hagen, Wilhelm; Auel, Holger (2018): Carbon Budgets of Mesozooplankton Copepod Communities in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean-Regional and Vertical Patterns Between 24°N and 21°S. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 32(5), 840-857, https://doi.org/10.1029/2017GB005807
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-05
    Description: The copepods' impact on vertical carbon flux was assessed for stratified depth layers down to 2000 m at six stations along a transect between 24°N and 21°S in the eastern Atlantic Ocean in October/November 2012. Total copepod community consumption ranged from 202-604 mg C m⁻² day⁻¹, with highest ingestion rates in the tropical North Atlantic. Calanoids consumed 75-90% of the particulate organic carbon (POC) ingested by copepods, although the relative contribution of cyclopoids (mostly Oncaeidae) increased with depth. Net ingestion (=consumption - fecal pellet egestion) of POC varied from 106-379 mg C m⁻² day⁻¹ for calanoids and 37-51 mg C m⁻² day⁻¹ for cyclopoids, corresponding to 16-58% and 5-9%, respectively, of primary production (PP). In total, 9-33% and 2-5% of PP were respired as inorganic carbon by calanoids and cyclopoids, respectively. Copepod ingestion was highly variable between stations and depth layers, especially in the epi- and upper mesopelagic zone. Diel vertical migrants such as Pleuromamma enhanced the vertical flux to deeper layers, particularly in the region influenced by the Benguela Current. The impact of copepod communities on POC flux decreased below 1000 m and POC resources reaching the bathypelagic zone were far from being fully exploited by copepods. As key components, copepods are important mediators of carbon fluxes in the ocean. Their biomass, community composition and interactions strongly affect the magnitude of organic carbon recycled or exported to deeper layers. High variability, even at smaller vertical scales, emphasizes the complex dynamics of the biological carbon pump.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 3
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    Copepod community ingestion during POLARSTERN cruise PS81 (ANT-XXIX/1) (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  University of Bremen, Marine Zoology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-05
    Keywords: Acartia spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Acrocalanus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Aetideidae, c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Aetideopsis spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Aetideus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Amallothrix spp., ingestion rate of carbon; ANT-XXIX/1; Arietellus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Augaptilidae, ingestion rate of carbon; Augaptilus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Brachycalanus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Brodskius cf. paululus, ingestion rate of carbon; Calanidae, c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Calanoida, ingestion rate of carbon; Calanoida indeterminata, copepodites, ingestion rate of carbon; Calanus sp., ingestion rate of carbon; Calculated; Calocalanus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Canarias Sea; Candacia spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Carbon, organic, particulate, flux; Centraugaptilus sp., ingestion rate of carbon; Centropages bradyi, ingestion rate of carbon; Cephalophanes spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Chiridiella smoki, ingestion rate of carbon; Chiridius poppei, ingestion rate of carbon; Chirundina streetsii, ingestion rate of carbon; Clausocalanus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Comment; Ctenocalanus cf. vanus, ingestion rate of carbon; Cyclopoida, ingestion rate of carbon; Date/Time of event; Delibus cf. nudus, ingestion rate of carbon; Depth, bottom/max; Depth, top/min; DEPTH, water; Disco spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Disseta palumbii, ingestion rate of carbon; Elevation of event; Euaugaptilus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Eucalanus hyalinus, ingestion rate of carbon; Euchaeta spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Euchaetidae, c1-c3, ingestion rate of carbon; Euchirella spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Event label; Falsilandrumius sp., ingestion rate of carbon; Farrania spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Gaetanus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Gaussia princeps, ingestion rate of carbon; Haloptilus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Hemirhabdus sp., ingestion rate of carbon; Heteramella sp., ingestion rate of carbon; Heterorhabdus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Heterstylites major, ingestion rate of carbon; Labidocera spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Lophothrix spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Lucicutia spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Mecynocera clausii, ingestion rate of carbon; Megacalanus princeps, ingestion rate of carbon; Mesocalanus tenuicornis, ingestion rate of carbon; Metridia spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Microcalanus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Mimocalanus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Monacilla spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Mospicalanus sp., ingestion rate of carbon; MSN; Multiple opening/closing net; Nannocalanus minor, ingestion rate of carbon; Neocalanus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Nullosetigera spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Oithona spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Oncaea spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Onchocalanus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Paracalanus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Paraeuchaeta spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Paraheterorhabdus cf. compactus, ingestion rate of carbon; Paraugaptilus sp., ingestion rate of carbon; Pareucalanus cf. sewelli, ingestion rate of carbon; Phaenna spinifera, ingestion rate of carbon; Pleuromamma spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Polarstern; Pontellina spp., ingestion rate of carbon; PS81; PS81/005-6; PS81/008-6; PS81/009-4; PS81/010-3; PS81/014-4; PS81/017-7; Pseudhaloptilus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Pseudoamallothrix spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Pseudochirella sp., ingestion rate of carbon; Rhincalanus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Scaphocalanus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Scolecithricella spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Scolecithrichidae, ingestion rate of carbon; Scolecithrichopsis spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Scolecithrix spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Scottocalanus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; South Atlantic Ocean; Spinocalanus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Subeucalanus spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Temora stylifera, ingestion rate of carbon; Temorites spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Temoropia spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Teneriforma spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Tharybis spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Undeuchaeta spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Undinella spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Undinula vulgaris, ingestion rate of carbon; Valdiviella spp., ingestion rate of carbon; Volume
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4888 data points
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  • 4
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    Respiration rates of tropical Atlantic copepods from the Cape Verde Islands (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Teuber, Lena; Kiko, Rainer; Séguin, François; Auel, Holger (2013): Respiration rates of tropical Atlantic copepods in relation to the oxygen minimum zone. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 448, 28-36, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2013.06.012
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-18
    Description: Copepods were sampled at two sampling sites off the island of São Vicente, Cape Verde Archipelago, in spring (March/April) and early summer (May/June) of 2010. The two sampling sites were located in Mindelo Bay (16.90N, 25.01W; bottom depth 22 m) and around 8 km off the town of São Pedro (16.77N, 25.12W; bottom depth 800 m). Samples were collected on board the local fishing vessel 'Sinagoga' using a WP-2 net (Hydrobios, 0.26 m**2 mouth opening, 200 µm mesh size). The net was either applied as a driftnet, drifting for 10 min in 22 to 0 m depth below the surface, or it was towed vertically with a towing speed of 0.5 m/s**1. For stratified sampling, the net was deployed in repetitive hauls from 560 to 210 m, from 210 to 80 m, and from 80 to 0 m in March/April and from 600 to 300 m, 300 to 100 m, and 100 to 0 m in May/June. Additional depth-integrated hauls were conducted from 600-0 m or 500-0 m during both field campaigns. Respiration rates of epi- and mesopelagic calanoid copepods were measured in the land-based laboratory at the Instituto Nacional de Desenvolvimento das Pescas (INDP) in Mindelo. Oxygen consumption was measured non-invasively by optode respirometry at three different ambient temperatures (13, 18, and 23°C) with a 10-channel oxygen respirometer (Oxy-10 Mini, PreSens Precision Sensing GmbH, Regensburg, Germany). All experiments were run in darkness in temperature-controlled incubators (LMS Cooled Incubator Series 1A, Model 280) equipped with water baths to ensure constant temperatures throughout the experiments, tolerating a variation of ±1°C.
    Keywords: Cape Verde; Climate - Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean; Counting; Date; Depth, bottom/max; Depth, top/min; DEPTH, water; Drift net; DRIFT-NET; Duration; Elapsed time; Event label; Individual dry mass; Individual respiration rate; Individuals; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; MindeloBay-01; MindeloBay-02; Oxygen optode, mini sensor spot; Respiration rate, dry mass-specific; SaoPedro-01; SaoPedro-02; SaoPedro-03; SaoPedro-04; SaoPedro-05; SaoPedro-06; SaoPedro-07; SaoPedro-08; SaoPedro-09; SaoPedro-10; SaoPedro-11; SaoPedro-12; SaoPedro-13; SaoPedro-14; SaoPedro-15; SaoPedro-16; SaoPedro-17; SaoPedro-18; SaoPedro-19; Season; SFB754; Species; Stage; Temperature, technical; WP2; WP-2 towed closing plankton net
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2295 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Copepod community respiration during POLARSTERN cruise PS81 (ANT-XXIX/1) (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  University of Bremen, Marine Zoology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-26
    Keywords: ANT-XXIX/1; BONGO; Bongo net; Canarias Sea; Date/Time of event; Depth, bottom/max; Depth, top/min; DEPTH, water; Dry mass per individual; Elevation of event; Event label; Ingestion rate of carbon per day per individual; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; MSN; Multiple opening/closing net; PLA; Plankton net; Polarstern; PS81; PS81/001-3; PS81/001-4; PS81/002-3; PS81/004-1; PS81/004-4; PS81/004-6; PS81/005-6; PS81/007-2; PS81/008-6; PS81/009-4; PS81/010-3; PS81/011-4; PS81/012-4; PS81/013-6; PS81/014-4; Respiration rate, carbon, per individual; Respiration rate, oxygen, per dry mass; Respiration rate, oxygen, per individual; Sample code/label; South Atlantic Ocean; Species; Stage; Treatment: temperature
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2942 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Fatty acid and stable isotope composition of calanoid copepods in the open eastern Atlantic Ocean during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXIX/1 (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bode, Maya; Hagen, Wilhelm; Schukat, Anna; Teuber, Lena; Fonseca-Batista, Debany; Dehairs, Frank; Auel, Holger (2015): Feeding strategies of tropical and subtropical calanoid copepods throughout the eastern Atlantic Ocean – Latitudinal and bathymetric aspects. Progress in Oceanography, 138, 268-282, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2015.10.002
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-09
    Description: The majority of global ocean production and total export production is attributed to oligotrophic oceanic regions due to their vast regional expanse. However, energy transfers, food-web structures and trophic relationships in these areas remain largely unknown. Regional and vertical inter- and intra-specific differences in trophic interactions and dietary preferences of calanoid copepods were investigated in four different regions in the open eastern Atlantic Ocean (38°N to 21°S) in October/November 2012 using a combination of fatty acid (FA) and stable isotope (SI) analyses. Mean carnivory indices (CI) based on FA trophic markers generally agreed with trophic positions (TP) derived from d15N analysis. Most copepods were classified as omnivorous (CI ~0.5, TP 1.8 to ~2.5) or carnivorous (CI 〉=0.7, TP 〉=2.9). Herbivorous copepods showed typical CIs of 〈=0.3. Geographical differences in d15N values of epi- (200-0 m) to mesopelagic (1000-200 m) copepods reflected corresponding spatial differences in baseline d15N of particulate organic matter from the upper 100 m. In contrast, species restricted to lower meso- and bathypelagic (2000-1000 m) layers did not show this regional trend. FA compositions were species-specific without distinct intra-specific vertical or spatial variations. Differences were only observed in the southernmost region influenced by the highly productive Benguela Current. Apparently, food availability and dietary composition were widely homogeneous throughout the oligotrophic oceanic regions of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic. Four major species clusters were identified by principal component analysis based on FA compositions. Vertically migrating species clustered with epi- to mesopelagic, non-migrating species, of which only Neocalanus gracilis was moderately enriched in lipids with 16% of dry mass (DM) and stored wax esters (WE) with 37% of total lipid (TL). All other species of this cluster had low lipid contents (〈 10% DM) without WE. Of these, the tropical epipelagic Undinula vulgaris showed highest portions of bacterial markers. Rhincalanus cornutus, R. nasutus and Calanoides carinatus formed three separate clusters with species-specific lipid profiles, high lipid contents (〉=41% DM), mainly accumulated as WE (〉=79% TL). C. carinatus and R. nasutus were primarily herbivorous with almost no bacterial input. Despite deviating feeding strategies, R. nasutus clustered with deep-dwelling, carnivorous species, which had high amounts of lipids (〉=37% DM) and WE (〉=54% TL). Tropical and subtropical calanoid copepods exhibited a wide variety of life strategies, characterized by specialized feeding. This allows them, together with vertical habitat partitioning, to maintain high abundance and diversity in tropical oligotrophic open oceans, where they play an essential role in the energy flux and carbon cycling.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Stable isotope composition of calanoid copepods in the open eastern Atlantic Ocean during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXIX/1 (2015)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-09
    Keywords: ANT-XXIX/1; Canarias Sea; Carbon, total; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Date/Time of event; Depth, bottom/max; Depth, top/min; Dry mass per individual; Elevation of event; Event label; Latitude of event; Lipid corrected d13C/12C for crustaceans; Longitude of event; MSN; Multiple opening/closing net; Nitrogen, total; Number of individuals; Polarstern; PS81; PS81/001-3; PS81/002-3; PS81/004-4; PS81/005-6; PS81/007-2; PS81/008-6; PS81/009-4; PS81/010-3; PS81/011-4; PS81/012-4; PS81/013-6; PS81/014-4; PS81/015-2; PS81/016-4; PS81/017-7; South Atlantic Ocean; Species; Stage; Station label; δ13C/12C ratio; δ15N/14N ratio
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4432 data points
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  • 8
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    Calanoid copepod abundances in the northern Benguela Current System from 2009 and 2010 (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University Bremen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-13
    Description: Abundance data of copepods were derived from vertical Multinet hauls at 10 stations, carried out in the northern Benguela upwelling system in December 2009 (FRS Africana) and September/October 2010 (RRS Discovery). Three transects along ~ 17°S, 19°S and 23°S with three stations each (neritic, shelf break, oceanic) and one station at 21°S were analysed for copepod abundance. Maximum sampling depth was either close to the seafloor (neritic and shelf break stations) or 700 m (2009) and 1000 m (2010) for the oceanic stations. Calanoid copepod species and stages were identified and enumerated separately. Adult females, males and copepodite stage 5 (C5) (in case of C. carinatus and N. minor) were included in the abundance calculations. Abundance is expressed as number of individuals per m**3, calculated from the volume of water filtered (calibrated flowmeter, Hydro-Bios) and the maximum sampling depth at each station.
    Keywords: Aetideopsis carinata, c5; Aetideopsis carinata, female; Aetideopsis carinata, male; Aetideus armatus, c5; Aetideus armatus, female; Aetideus armatus, male; AFR258; AFR258_30253_3; AFR258_30257_4; AFR258_30259_3; AFR258_30260_4; AFR258_30261_4; AFR258_30262_4; Africana (1982); Benguela Upwelling; Calanoides carinatus, c5; Calanoides carinatus, female; Calanoides carinatus, male; Candacia catula, female; Candacia cheirura, female; Candacia spp., female; Centropages brachiatus, female; Counting, copepoda; D356; D356-18_1; D356-21_5; D356-24_5; D356-43_10_2; D356-6_5; Date/Time of event; Depth, bottom/max; Depth, top/min; DEPTH, water; Discovery (1962); Eucalanus hyalinus, female; Euchirella similis, female; Event label; GENUS; Geochemistry and ecology of the Namibian upwelling system; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Metridia lucens, c5; Metridia lucens, female; MSN; MSN200; Multiple opening/closing net; Multiple opening/closing net, 200 µm meshsize; Nannocalanus minor, c5; Nannocalanus minor, female; Nannocalanus minor, male; Neocalanus gracilis, c5; Neocalanus robustior, c5; Neocalanus robustior, female; Pareucalanus sewelli, female; Pleuromamma abdominalis, female; Pleuromamma borealis, female; Pleuromamma robusta, female; Pleuromamma robusta, male; Pleuromamma xiphias, female; Rhincalanus nasutus, c5; Rhincalanus nasutus, female; T-1-2_3; T-2-2_4; T-5-1a_4; T-5-3_3; T-8-1_4; T-8-1a_4
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1715 data points
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  • 9
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    Respiration and ingestion rates of calanoid copepod in the northern Benguela Current System measured ex situ during the RSS Discovery D356 cruise in 2010 (2013)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-13
    Description: Respiration rates of 16 calanoid copepod species from the northern Benguela upwelling system were measured on board RRS Discovery in September/October 2010 to determine their energy requirements and assess their significance in the carbon cycle. Copepod species were sampled by different net types. Immediately after the hauls, samples were sorted to species and stages (16 species; females, males and C5 copepodids) according to Bradford-Grieve et al. (1999). Specimens were kept in temperature-controlled refrigerators for at least 12 h before they were used in experiments. Respiration rates of different copepod species were measured onboard by optode respirometry (for details see Köster et al., 2008) with a 10-channel optode respirometer (PreSens Precision Sensing Oxy-10 Mini, Regensburg, Germany) under simulated in situ conditions in temperature-controlled refrigerators. Experiments were run in gas-tight glass bottles (12-13 ml). For each set of experiments, two controls without animals were measured under exactly the same conditions to compensate for potential bias. The number of animals per bottle depended on the copepods size, stage and metabolic activity. Animals were not fed during the experiments but they showed natural species-specific movements. Immediately after the experiments, all specimens were deep-frozen at - 80 °C for later dry mass determination (after lyophilisation for 48 h) in the home lab. The carbon content (% of dry mass) of each species was measured by mass-spectrometry in association with stable isotope analysis and body dry mass was converted to units of carbon. For species without available carbon data, the mean value of all copepod species (44% dry mass) was applied. For the estimation of carbon requirements of copepod species, individual oxygen consumption rates were converted to carbon units, assuming that the expiration of 1 ml oxygen mobilises 0.44 mg of organic carbon by using a respiratory quotient (RQ) of 0.82 for a mixed diet consisting of proteins (RQ = 0.8-1.0), lipids (RQ = 0.7) and carbohydrates (RQ = 1.0) (Auel and Werner, 2003). The carbon ingestion rates were calculated using the energy budget and the potential maximum ingestion rate approach. To allow for physiological comparisons of respiration rates of deep- and shallow-living copepod species without the effects of ambient temperature and different individual body mass, individual respiration rates were temperature- (15°C, Q10=2) and size-adjusted. The scaling coefficient of 0.76 (R2=0.556) is used for the standardisation of body dry mass to 0.3 mg (mean dry mass of all analysed copepods), applying the allometric equation R= (R15°C/M0.76)×0.30.76, where R is respiration and M is individual dry mass in mg.
    Keywords: Benguela Upwelling; BONGO; Bongo net; D356; D356-10_1_1; D356-13_1; D356-13_2_2; D356-13_3; D356-16_1_2; D356-18_1; D356-21_5; D356-24_5; D356-3_2; D356-4_2; D356-6_5; D356-7_3; D356-8_2_4; D356-9_2; Date/Time of event; Depth, bottom/max; Depth, top/min; DEPTH, water; Discovery (1962); Dry mass as carbon per individual; Dry mass per individual; Duration; Event label; Factor; GENUS; Geochemistry and ecology of the Namibian upwelling system; Ingestion rate of carbon per day per individual; Latitude of event; Life stage; Longitude of event; Mass spectrometry; MSN; Multiple opening/closing net; Number; Respiration rate, carbon, per individual; Respiration rate, oxygen, per dry mass; Respiration rate, oxygen, per individual; Ring trawl; RTR; see reference(s); Species; Temperature, technical; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; WP2; WP-2 towed closing plankton net
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2097 data points
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  • 10
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    Respiration rates and abundances of dominant copepods of the northern Benguela Current System (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University Bremen | Supplement to: Schukat, Anna; Teuber, Lena; Hagen, Wilhelm; Wasmund, Norbert; Auel, Holger (2013): Energetics and carbon budgets of dominant calanoid copepods in the northern Benguela upwelling system. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 442, 1-9, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2013.01.024
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-13
    Description: Respiration rates of 16 calanoid copepod species from the northern Benguela upwelling system were measured on board RRS Discovery in September/October 2010 to determine their energy requirements and assess their significance in the carbon cycle. Individual respiration rates were standardised to a mean copepod body mass and a temperature regime typical of the northern Benguela Current. These adjusted respiration rates revealed two different activity levels (active and resting) in copepodids C5 of Calanoides carinatus and females of Rhincalanus nasutus, which reduced their metabolism during dormancy by 82% and 62%, respectively. An allometric function (Imax) and an energy budget approach were performed to calculate ingestion rates. Imax generally overestimated the ingestion rates derived from the energy budget approach by 〉75%. We suggest that the energy budget approach is the more reliable approximation with a total calanoid copepod (mainly females) consumption of 78 mg C m-2 d-1 in neritic regions and 21 mg C m-2 d-1 in oceanic regions. The two primarily herbivorous copepods C. carinatus (neritic) and Nannocalanus minor (oceanic) contributed 83% and 5%, respectively, to total consumption by calanoid copepods. Locally, C. carinatus can remove up to 90% of the diatom biomass daily. In contrast, the maximum daily removal of dinoflagellate biomass by N. minor was 9%. These estimates imply that C. carinatus is an important primary consumers in the neritic province of the northern Benguela system, while N. minor has little grazing impact on phytoplankton populations further offshore. Data on energy requirements and total consumption rates of dominant calanoid copepods of this study are essential for the development of realistic carbon budgets and food-web models for the northern Benguela upwelling system.
    Keywords: GENUS; Geochemistry and ecology of the Namibian upwelling system
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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