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  • 1
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    The impact of Southern Ocean Bathymetry on the ocean circulation and overlying atmosphere (2023)
    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-03
    Description: The presentation will focus around the impact that major topographic features in the Southern Ocean have on the path of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), and their relatively unknown role in the coupled ocean-atmosphere system. We investigate their influence by respectively flattening the bathymetry around the Kerguelen Plateau, Campbell Plateau, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, and Drake Passage in four simulations in a coupled climate model. The barriers lead to an increase in the ACC transport of between 3% and 14% in the four simulations. The removal of Kerguelen Plateau bathymetry increases convection south of the plateau and the removal of Drake Passage bathymetry reduces convection upstream in the Ross Sea, affecting the deep overturning cell. When the barriers are removed, zonal flattening of the currents leads to SST anomalies upstream and downstream of their locations. Interestingly, these SST anomalies strongly correlate to precipitation in the overlying atmosphere, with correlation coefficients ranging between r=0.92 and r=0.97 in the four experiments. Windspeed anomalies are also positively correlated to SST anomalies in some locations but other forcing factors obscure this correlation in general. Meridional variability in the wind stress curl contours over the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the Kerguelen Plateau and the Campbell Plateau disappears when these barriers are removed, confirming the impact of bathymetry on overlying winds.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 2
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    Variability of surface temperature and precipitation during past and future warming episodes (2023)
    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: The projected increases in Earth’s mean temperature entail substantial changes in the climate’s variability. Appropriate mitigation and adaptation measures require understanding of these changes since they impact for example the occurrence of extreme events. While projections of the global mean temperature are relatively well constrained based on the employed forcing scenario, they are highly uncertain with respect to the hydrological cycle and local temperature variability. Thus, examining how periods of past warming can help constrain these changes is of vital importance.To this end, we examine how the variability of surface temperature and precipitation changes in simulations of past and future warming from climate models of varying complexity and compare these with changes in proxy-based reconstructions. Based on the simulations, we analyze the moments of the distributions of temperature and precipitation (variance, skewness and kurtosis), as well as the power spectra with a focus on societally-relevant annual to centennial timescales. The analysis contrasts the projected changes under future warming scenarios with those found in transient simulations of the Last Deglaciation from models ranging from an energy balance model to Earth System Models. Changes observed in the simulations of the Last Deglaciation often highly depend on timescale and forcings, in particular changing volcanic activity, meltwater release and ice distributions alter patterns of variability. Based on this, we examine how the faster rate of future change impacts, and potentially limits, the conclusions to be drawn about future climatic changes based on past periods of warming.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 3
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    Changes in environment over the last 800,000 years from chemical analysis of the EPICA Dome C ice core (2010)
    In:  EPIC3Quaternary Science Reviews, 29, pp. 285-295
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    The southern hemisphere at glacial terminations: Insights from the Dome C ice core (2008)
    In:  EPIC3Climate of the Past.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    A comparison of the present and last interglacial periods in six Antarctic ice cores (2011)
    COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
    In:  EPIC3Climate of the Past, COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH, 7, pp. 397-423, ISSN: 1814-9324
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: We compare the present and last interglacial periods as recorded in Antarctic water stable isotope records now available at various temporal resolutions from six East Antarctic ice cores: Vostok, Taylor Dome, EPICA Dome C (EDC), EPICA Dronning Maud Land (EDML), Dome Fuji and the recent TALDICE ice core from Talos Dome. We first review the different modern site characteristics in terms of ice flow, meteorological conditions, precipitation intermittency and moisture origin, as depicted by meteorological data, atmospheric reanalyses and Lagrangian moisture source diagnostics. These different factors can indeed alter the relationships between temperature and water stable isotopes. Using five records with sufficient resolution on the EDC3 age scale, common features are quantified through principal component analyses. Consistent with instrumental records and atmospheric model results, the ice core data depict rather coherent and homogenous patterns in East Antarctica during the last two interglacials. Across the East Antarctic plateau, regional differences, with respect to the common East Antarctic signal, appear to have similar patterns during the current and last interglacials. We identify two abrupt shifts in isotopi records during the glacial inception at TALDICE and EDML, likely caused by regional sea ice expansion. These regional differences are discussed in terms of moisture origin and in terms of past changes in local elevation histories, which are compared to ice sheet model results. Our results suggest that elevation changes may contribute significantly to inter-site differences. These elevation changes may be underestimated by current ice sheet models.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Is a cold planet Earth's climate more sensitive to volcanic forcing than a warm one? (2017)
    In:  EPIC3Proxy system modeling and data assimilation in paleosciences workshop, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, 2017-05-29-2017-05-31
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-12
    Description: It is unclear how regional and global climate variability depends on the mean state of the climate system, and whether the sensitivity to natural forcing from volcanic eruptions and solar variations is different. Investigating recent volcanic eruptions, well covered by the instrumental record, can give detailed insights into the response of the system close to its present-day state. The paleoclimate record is crucial to establish the role of natural forcing in generating climate variability in states that are very different from today. It is clear that small and large volcanic eruptions occurred throughout the last Glacial cycle and the Holocene, although possibly at a lower rate than during the last millennium. Yet, most climate model experiments for these periods are performed with constant solar and no volcanic forcing. This biases model estimates in model-data comparisons for past climate variability. Here we present first results from an ensemble of long (〉1000a) paleoclimate model experiments. Simulations for the Last Glacial Maximum, the mid-Holocene, the Preindustrial and the past millennium were performed under PMIP3 boundary conditions, and with/without solar variability and volcanic forcing. We evaluate, to what extent regional and global climate impacts of this natural forcing is dependent on the mean climate state. As the model includes water isotope diagnostics, we further determine to what extent the variability is consistent with the paleoclimate proxy evidence from ice cores.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 7
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    Is a cold planet Earth's climate more sensitive to volcanic forcing than a warm one? (2017)
    In:  EPIC3PAGES Open Science Meeting, Zaragoza, Spain, 2017-05-09-2017-05-13
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-12
    Description: It is unclear how regional and global climate variability depends on the mean state of the climate system, and whether the sensitivity to natural forcing from volcanic eruptions and solar variations is different. Investigating recent volcanic eruptions, well covered by the instrumental record, can give detailed insights into the response of the system close to its present-day state. The paleoclimate record is crucial to establish the role of natural forcing in generating climate variability in states that are very different from today. It is clear that small and large volcanic eruptions occurred throughout the last Glacial cycle and the Holocene, although possibly at a lower rate than during the last millennium. Yet, most climate model experiments for these periods are performed with constant solar and no volcanic forcing. This biases model estimates in model-data comparisons for past climate variability. Here we present first results from an ensemble of long (〉1000a) paleoclimate model experiments. Simulations for the Last Glacial Maximum, the mid-Holocene, the Preindustrial and the past millennium were performed under PMIP3 boundary conditions, and with/without solar variability and volcanic forcing. We evaluate, to what extent regional and global climate impacts of this natural forcing is dependent on the mean climate state. As the model includes water isotope diagnostics, we further determine to what extent the variability is consistent with the paleoclimate proxy evidence from ice cores.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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