Keywords:
Plants -- Effect of metals on.
;
Electronic books.
Description / Table of Contents:
How do metals enter plants? Where do the signals come from and what are the processes involved in remediation of metals in plants? Ths book discusses studies on signaling and remediation processes with recent technological advancement including "omic" studies.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (267 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9783642220814
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=885111
Language:
English
Note:
Intro -- Metal Toxicity in Plants: Perception, Signaling and Remediation -- Preface -- Reference -- Contents -- Heavy Metal Bindings and Their Interactions with Thiol Peptides and Other Biological Ligands in Plant Cells -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Biological Ligands for Heavy Metal Conjugation and Detoxification in Plant Cells -- 2.1 Phytochelatins -- 2.2 Organic Acids, Nicotianamine, Amino Acids, and Phytates -- 2.3 Soluble Phenolics -- 3 Heavy Metal Localization and Distribution -- 3.1 Localization of Heavy Metals in Cells and Tissues of Different Plant Organs -- 3.2 Distribution of Heavy Metals and Conjugating Ligands in Root -- 3.3 Distribution of Heavy Metals and Conjugating Ligands in Shoots -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Heavy Metal Perception in a Microscale Environment: A Model System Using High Doses of Pollutants -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Microscale Versus Macroscale Analysis: Time Resolved Responses -- 3 ROS Signaling and Antioxidant Responses -- 4 Phytohormone Signaling Pathways -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Genetic and Molecular Aspects of Metal Tolerance and Hyperaccumulation -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Metals as Toxicants -- 1.2 Metals as Stressors -- 1.3 Defining Metal Tolerance -- 1.4 Defining Metal Accumulation -- 2 Genetic Aspects of Tolerance and Accumulation -- 2.1 Evidence from Classical Mendelian Genetics and Mutants -- 2.2 Evidence from Quantitative Genetics and Mapping -- 2.3 Evidence from Reverse Genetics and Genetic Engineering -- 2.4 Evidence from Natural Populations Variability -- 3 Molecular Aspects of Tolerance and Accumulation -- 3.1 Evidence from Physiology and Biochemistry -- 3.2 Evidence from Gene Cloning -- 3.2.1 Gene Copy Number -- 3.2.2 Gene Expression -- 3.2.3 Sequence Variants -- 3.2.4 Structural Information -- 3.3 Evidence from Transcriptomic Analysis -- 4 Conclusion -- References.
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Cadmium and Copper Stress Induce a Cellular Oxidative Challenge Leading to Damage Versus Signalling -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Cadmium and Copper Uptake and Homeostasis -- 1.1.1 Uptake of Excess Cu and Cd by the Plant Is Unavoidable -- 1.1.2 Chelation and Sequestration of Excess Metals -- 1.2 The Perception of Cd and Cu Stress and the Generation of Excess Reactive Oxygen Species -- 1.2.1 Direct and Indirect Mechanisms of ROS Generation -- 1.2.2 Enzymatic ROS Generation -- 1.2.3 Cd and Cu Disturb Redox Homeostasis in Plant Organelles -- 1.2.4 Perception of the Stress Signal -- 2 The Oxidative Stress Signature Consists of Altered Redox-Related Gene Expression, Enzyme Activities and Metabolites, and Is Informative for the Oxidative Challenge Induced by Metals -- 2.1 Superoxide Scavenging by Superoxide Dismutases -- 2.2 H2O2 Scavenging: Catalases and Ascorbate Peroxidases -- 2.3 Detoxification of ROS Via the Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle -- 2.4 Antioxidant Metabolites -- 2.5 Description of the Oxidative Stress Signature -- 3 The Oxidative Challenge Can Cause Damage and Trigger Signalling Pathways Leading to Acclimation Responses -- 3.1 Metal-Induced Oxidative Damage -- 3.2 The Cd- and Cu-Induced Oxidative Challenge Activates and Interferes with Signalling Pathways -- 3.3 Retrograde Signalling by Cellular Organelles -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Insights into Cadmium Toxicity: Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Function -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Cadmium Toxicity in Plants -- 3 Plant Mechanisms to Cope with Cadmium -- 4 Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analyses Under Cadmium Stress -- 5 ROS Metabolism in Response to Cadmium -- 5.1 ROS Production Under Cd Stress -- 5.2 Antioxidant Systems Under Cd Stress -- 5.2.1 Enzymatic Antioxidants Systems -- 5.2.2 Non-enzymatic Antioxidants Systems -- 6 NO Metabolism in Response to Cadmium.
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6.1 NO Production Under Cd Stress -- 6.2 NO Function and Protection Under Cd Stress -- 7 Organelles Involvement in Cd Stress -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- Exploring the Plant Response to Cadmium Exposure by Transcriptomic, Proteomic and Metabolomic Approaches: Potentiality of High High-Throughput Methods, Promises of Integrative Biology -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Global Response of Plants to Cadmium Exposure -- 2.1 Overview of a Cadmium Exposure in Plants as Evaluated by Transcriptomic, Proteomic and Metabolomic Approaches -- 2.1.1 Primary Metabolism -- 2.1.2 Defence Mechanisms -- 2.2 Transcriptomic Analysis Allow for Large Scale Comparisons Between Species and/or Treatment -- 3 Future Directions -- 3.1 Subcellular-Level Analysis of the Cd Response -- 3.2 Post-translational Modifications: Phosphoproteomic Studies -- 3.3 Systems Biology and Integrated Analysis -- 3.4 Data Mining and Integration: The Bioinformatics Challenge -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Proteomics as a Toolbox to Study the Metabolic Adjustment of Trees During Exposure to Metal Trace Elements -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Proteomics of Woody Species -- 2.1 Proteomics: General Considerations -- 2.1.1 Protein Extraction and Sample Preparation -- 2.1.2 2D-PAGE -- 2.1.3 Protein Identification -- 2.2 Case Study: Proteome Study of Poplar and Cd Pollution -- 3 Conclusion -- References -- Proteomics of Plant Hyperaccumulators -- 1 Plant Hyperaccumulators -- 2 Methods in Plant Proteomics -- 2.1 Protein Extraction -- 2.2 Protein Separation -- 2.3 Protein Patterns Analysis and Protein Identification -- 3 Proteomic Approaches for Identification of Key Functions in the Hyperaccumulators -- 3.1 Proteins Involved in Plant-Soil Interaction -- 3.2 Root Proteome -- 3.3 Shoot Proteome -- 4 Follow-Up in Proteomic of Hyperaccumulators -- 5 Conclusion -- References.
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Heavy Metal Toxicity: Oxidative Stress Parameters and DNA Repair -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Oxidative Stress and Cell Defenses -- 3 DNA Repair Mechanisms: A General Overview -- 3.1 Base Excision Repair (BER) -- 3.2 Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) -- 3.3 Mismatch Repair (MMR) -- 3.4 Double-Strand Break Repair -- 4 Heavy Metals -- 4.1 Arsenic -- 4.2 Cadmium -- 4.3 Chromium -- 4.4 Copper -- 4.5 Lead -- 4.6 Mercury -- 4.7 Selenium -- 4.8 Zinc -- 5 Heavy Metal Hyperaccumulator Phenotypes in Plants -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Protein Oxidative Modifications -- 1 Proteins as Molecular Targets of Oxidative Reactions -- 1.1 Protein Oxidative Products -- 2 Metals as Responsible of Protein Oxidation -- 2.1 Metals Ions-Catalyzed Oxidation Systems -- 2.2 Metalloproteins Susceptibility to Oxidative Stress -- 3 Metal Stress in Plants Is Associated to an Increase in Protein Carbonylation -- 3.1 Metals Catalyze Reactive Oxygen Species Generation Inside the Cell -- 4 Metals Can Alter Cell Metabolism by Mediating Protein Carbonylation -- 4.1 Regulation of the Translation of Isoforms: The Catalase -- 5 Carbonylated Protein Degradation -- 5.1 Role of Proteases -- 5.2 Role of 20S Proteasome -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Zn/Cd/Co/Pb P1b-ATPases in Plants, Physiological Roles and Biological Interest -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 P-ATPases Subfamily -- 1.2 Structure of the P1B-ATPases -- 2 Physiological Roles and Expression Profiles of Plant P1B-ATPases -- 2.1 HMA1 -- 2.2 HMA6 and HMA8 -- 2.3 HMA5 -- 2.4 HMA7 -- 2.5 HMA2, HMA4 and HMA3 -- 2.5.1 HMA2 and HMA4 -- 2.5.2 HMA3 -- 3 Phylogeny -- 4 Biotechnological Interest -- 4.1 Biofortification -- 4.2 Interest in Phytoremediation -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Interference of Heavy Metal Toxicity with Auxin Physiology -- 1 Introduction: Auxin as a Growth Regulator -- 2 Auxin: A Mediator Between Growth and Stress Adaptation.
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3 Auxin and Heavy Metal Stress -- 4 Auxin and Essential Metals -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Index.
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