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  • 1
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    Formation and propagation of temperature anomalies along the North Atlantic Current (2001)
    AMS (American Meteorological Society)
    In:  Journal of Physical Oceanography, 31 . pp. 1287-1303.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-04-06
    Description: A general circulation ocean model has been used to study the formation and propagation mechanisms of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)-generated temperature anomalies along the pathway of the North Atlantic Current (NAC). The NAO-like wind forcing generates temperature anomalies in the upper 440 m that propagate along the pathway of the NAC in general agreement with the observations. The analysis of individual components of the ocean heat budget reveals that the anomalies are primarily generated by the wind stress anomaly-induced oceanic heat transport divergence. After their generation they are advected with the mean current. Surface heat flux anomalies account for only one-third of the total temperature changes. Along the pathway of the NAC temperature anomalies of opposite signs are formed in the first and second halves of the pathway, a pattern called here the North Atlantic dipole (NAD). The response of the ocean depends fundamentally on Rt = (L/υ)/τ, the ratio between the time it takes for anomalies to propagate along the NAC [(L/υ) 10 years] compared to the forcing period τ. The authors find that for NAO periods shorter than 4 years (Rt 〉 1) the response in the subpolar region is mainly determined by the local forcing. For NAO periods longer than 32 years (Rt 〈 1); however, the SST anomalies in the northeastern part of the NAD become controlled by ocean advection. In the subpolar region maximal amplitudes of the temperature response are found for intermediate (decadal) periods (Rt 1) where the propagation of temperature anomalies constructively interferes with the local forcing. A comparison of the NAO-generated propagating temperature anomalies with those found in observations will be discussed.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1175/1520-0485(2001)031〈1287:FAPOTA〉2.0.CO;2
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    SOOP Network Enhancement Report (2018)
    AtlantOS
    In:  AtlantOS Deliverable, D2.4 . AtlantOS, 13 pp.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-13
    Description: Report on the network enhancement project, this will document (a) extension of network coverage to South Atlantic; (b) evaluation of improved EOV carbonate system; and (c) re-assessment of instrumentation
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/book
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.3289/AtlantOS_D2.4
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    OceanRep: Report - other report
  • 3
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    Atlantic Climate Variability Experiment (2001)
    GODAE project office
    In:  In: Observing the Oceans in the 21st Century. , ed. by Koblinsky, C. J. and Smith, N. R. GODAE project office, Melbourne, Australia, pp. 445-452.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-07-16
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
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    OceanRep: Book chapter
  • 4
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    Variations of surface waters characteristics in the Eastern Arctic Ocean in 2010-2019 at different scales: in situ and satellite study (2020)
    In:  [Talk] In: EGU General Assembly 2020, 04.05.-08.05.2020, Vienna, Austria .
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-12
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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    OceanRep: Talk
  • 5
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    The Tropical Ocean Circulation and Dynamics (2013)
    Elsevier
    In:  In: Ocean Circulation and Climate: A 21st Century Perspective. , ed. by Siedler, G., Griffies, S. M., Gould, J. and Church, J. A. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands, pp. 385-412. ISBN 978-0-12-391851-2
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-03-22
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Book chapter
  • 6
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    Sources and Distribution of Fresh Water Around Cape Farewell in 2014 (2019)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 124 (12). pp. 9404-9416.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: We investigate the origin of fresh water on the shelves near Cape Farewell (south Greenland) using sections of three hydrographic cruises in May (HUD2014007) and June 2014 (JR302 and Geovide). We partition the fresh water between meteoric water sources and sea ice melt or brine formation using the δ18O of sea water. The sections illustrate the presence of the East Greenland Coastal Current (EGCC) close to shore east of Cape Farewell. West of Cape Farewell, it partially joins the shelf break, with a weaker near‐surface remnant of the EGCC observed on the shelf southwest and west of Cape Farewell. The EGCC traps the freshest waters close to Greenland and carries a brine signature below 50‐m depth. The cruises illustrate a strong increase in meteoric water of the shelf upper layer (by more than a factor 2) between early May and late June, likely to result from East and South Greenland spring melt. There was also a contribution of sea ice melt near the surface but with large variability both spatially and also between the two June cruises. Furthermore, gradients in the freshwater distribution and its contributions are larger east of Cape Farewell than west of Cape Farewell, which is related to the EGCC being more intense and closer to the coast east of Cape Farewell than west of it. Large temporal variability in the currents is found between different sections to the east and southeast of Cape Farewell, likely related to changes in wind conditions.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/2019JC015080
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    Introduction to the POMME special section: Thermocline ventilation (2005)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 110 . C07S01.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-04-18
    Description: Conducted in the northeast Atlantic Ocean (15°20′–21°20′W, 38°N–45°N), the Programme Océan Multidisciplinaire Méso Echelle (POMME) is a research project aimed at a better understanding of the biological production and the carbon budget of the region in relation to the formation mechanisms of the 11°–12°C mode water of the northeast Atlantic. With the help of two research vessels, several tens of floats and drifters, and nine moorings, the field experiment was carried out between autumn 2000 and autumn 2001, with a more intensive phase in the winter and early spring of 2001. The field experiment resolved small (several kilometers) to regional (several hundred kilometers) scales and daily to seasonal variability. A first analysis of the rich data set focused on the large-scale and the mesoscale variability. It shows that the distribution of water mass characteristics and biological activity is strongly influenced by the mesoscales in this supposedly quiet transition zone between the subtropical and subpolar gyres. The seasonal variability, however, presents an imprint of the large-scale structures with a clear north-south gradient in properties and budgets. This region is found on an annual average to be a sink of atmospheric CO2. Smaller scales, associated with fronts and filaments, were clearly observed in many fields (temperature, but also chlorophyll, oxygen, biogenic particles, etc.), with modeling studies suggesting that they play a significant role in subduction, ventilation, and transport of biogeochemical tracers in the POMME region.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/2005JC002976
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    Atlantic Climate Variability and Predictability: A CLIVAR perspective (2006)
    AMS (American Meteorological Society)
    In:  Journal of Climate, 19 (20). pp. 5100-5121.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-23
    Description: Three interrelated climate phenomena are at the center of the Climate Variability and Predictability (CLIVAR) Atlantic research: tropical Atlantic variability (TAV), the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC). These phenomena produce a myriad of impacts on society and the environment on seasonal, interannual, and longer time scales through variability manifest as coherent fluctuations in ocean and land temperature, rainfall, and extreme events. Improved understanding of this variability is essential for assessing the likely range of future climate fluctuations and the extent to which they may be predictable, as well as understanding the potential impact of human-induced climate change. CLIVAR is addressing these issues through prioritized and integrated plans for short-term and sustained observations, basin-scale reanalysis, and modeling and theoretical investigations of the coupled Atlantic climate system and its links to remote regions. In this paper, a brief review of the state of understanding of Atlantic climate variability and achievements to date is provided. Considerable discussion is given to future challenges related to building and sustaining observing systems, developing synthesis strategies to support understanding and attribution of observed change, understanding sources of predictability, and developing prediction systems in order to meet the scientific objectives of the CLIVAR Atlantic program.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI3902.1
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 9
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    Stable isotopes in surface waters of the Atlantic Ocean: Indicators of ocean-atmosphere water fluxes and oceanic mixing processes (2017)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-25
    Description: The surface ocean hydrological cycle is explored based on ∼300 new δ 18 O and δD measurements from surface waters of the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea over the period 2010-2016. Our approach combines these surface observations with salinity (S) and stable isotope measurements of atmospheric water vapor. The distinct regional S-δ distributions are used to identify different surface water masses and their horizontal advection. Moreover, based on assumptions on the δ-S characteristics of seawater sources and the isotope composition of the evaporative (δ e ) and meteoric water (δ MW ) fluxes, the δ-S distribution is used to indicate the relative importance of evaporation (E) and meteoric water inputs (MW). Here, δ e is estimated from the Craig and Gordon's equation using 120 days of measurements of the ambient air above the Atlantic Ocean collected during three cruises. To provide quantitative estimates of the E:MW ratio, we use the box model from Craig and Gordon (1965). This identifies the subtropical gyre as a region where E:MW ∼2 and the tropical ocean as a region were MW:E ∼2. Finally, we show that the δ 18 O-δD distribution is better represented by a linear fit than the δ-S relationship, even in basins governed by different hydrological processes. We interpret the δ 18 O-δD distribution considering the kinetic fractionation processes associated with evaporation. In the tropical region where MW exceeds E, the δ 18 O-δD distribution identifies the MW inputs from their kinetic signature, whereas in regions where E exceeds MW, the δ 18 O-δD distribution traces the humidity at the sea surface.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 10
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    Sources and Distribution of Fresh Water Around Cape Farewell in 2014 (2019)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 124(12), pp. 9404-9416, ISSN: 2169-9275
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-24
    Description: We investigate the origin of fresh water on the shelves near Cape Farewell (south Greenland) using sections of three hydrographic cruises in May (HUD2014007) and June 2014 (JR302 and Geovide). We partition the fresh water between meteoric water sources and sea ice melt or brine formation using the δ18O of sea water. The sections illustrate the presence of the East Greenland Coastal Current (EGCC) close to shore east of Cape Farewell. West of Cape Farewell, it partially joins the shelf break, with a weaker near‐surface remnant of the EGCC observed on the shelf southwest and west of Cape Farewell. The EGCC traps the freshest waters close to Greenland and carries a brine signature below 50‐m depth. The cruises illustrate a strong increase in meteoric water of the shelf upper layer (by more than a factor 2) between early May and late June, likely to result from East and South Greenland spring melt. There was also a contribution of sea ice melt near the surface but with large variability both spatially and also between the two June cruises. Furthermore, gradients in the freshwater distribution and its contributions are larger east of Cape Farewell than west of Cape Farewell, which is related to the EGCC being more intense and closer to the coast east of Cape Farewell than west of it. Large temporal variability in the currents is found between different sections to the east and southeast of Cape Farewell, likely related to changes in wind conditions.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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    PAPER (OA)
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