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  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Meteorological forcing data to run land surface models for five high latitude sites. Derived from reanalysis products combined with site observations (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Chadburn, Sarah; Krinner, Gerhard; Porada, Philipp; Bartsch, Annett; Beer, Christian; Belelli Marchesini, Luca; Boike, Julia; Ekici, Altug; Elberling, Bo; Friborg, Thomas; Hugelius, Gustaf; Johansson, Margareta; Kuhry, Peter; Kutzbach, Lars; Langer, Moritz; Lund, Magnus; Parmentier, Frans-Jan W; Peng, Shushi; van Huissteden, Jacobus (Ko); Wang, Tao; Westermann, Sebastian; Zhu, Dan; Burke, Eleanor J (2017): Carbon stocks and fluxes in the high latitudes: using site-level data to evaluate Earth system models. Biogeosciences, 14(22), 5143-5169, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5143-2017
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-27
    Description: These data represent five high-latitude sites studied in the PAGE21 project (https://www.page21.eu): Samoylov, Kytalyk, Abisko, Zackenberg and Bayelva. Please see the linked manuscript for details of the sites. These are meteorological driving data, which were prepared using observations from the sites combined with reanalysis data for the grid cell containing the site. For the period 1901-1979, Water and Global Change forcing data (WFD) were used (Weedon et al., 2011). This has half-degree resolution for the whole globe at 3-hourly time resolution from 1901 to 2001. For the period 1979-2014, WATCH-ForcingData-ERA-Interim (WFDEI) was used (Weedon, 2013). For the time periods in which observed data were available, correction factors were generated by calculating monthly biases relative to the WFDEI data. These corrections were then applied to the time series from 1979 to 2014 of the WFDEI data. The WFD before 1979 were then corrected to match these data and the two datasets were joined at 1979 to provide gap-free 3-hourly forcing from 1901 to 2014. Local meteorological station observations were used for all variables except snowfall, which was estimated from the observed snow depth by treating increases in snow depth as snowfall events with an assumed snow density. See linked manuscript for more details.
    Keywords: air temperature; Arctic Tundra; Changing Permafrost in the Arctic and its Global Effects in the 21st Century; humidity; longwave radiation; PAGE21; precipitation; shortwave radiation; surface pressure; wind speed
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 104 MBytes
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Harmonized in-situ observations of surface energy fluxes and environmental drivers at 64 Arctic vegetation and glacier sites (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-12
    Description: Despite the importance of surface energy budgets (SEBs) for land-climate interactions in the Arctic, uncertainties in their prediction persist. In-situ observational data of SEB components - useful for research and model validation - are collected at relatively few sites across the terrestrial Arctic, and not all available datasets are readily interoperable. Furthermore, the terrestrial Arctic consists of a diversity of vegetation types, which are generally not well represented in land surface schemes of current Earth system models. Therefore, we here provide four datasets comprising: 1. Harmonized, standardized and aggregated in situ observations of SEB components at 64 vegetated and glaciated sites north of 60° latitude, in the time period 1994-2021 2. A description of all study sites and associated environmental conditions, including the vegetation types, which correspond to the classification of the Circumpolar Arctic Vegetation Map (CAVM, Raynolds et al. 2019). 3. Data generated in a literature synthesis from 358 study sites on vegetation or glacier (〉=60°N latitude) covered by 148 publications. 4. Metadata, including data contributor information and measurement heights of variables associated with Oehri et al. 2022.
    Keywords: Arctic; ArcticTundraSEB; Arctic Tundra Surface Energy Budget; dry tundra; Eddy covariance; eddy heat flux; glacier; graminoids; ground heat flux and net radiation; harmonized data; high latitude; Land-Atmosphere; Land-cover; latent and sensible heat; latent heat flux; longwave radiation; meteorological data; observatory data; Peat bog; Radiation fluxes; Radiative energy budget; sensible heat flux; shortwave radiation; shrub tundra; surface energy balance; synthetic data; tundra vegetation; wetland
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Harmonized in-situ observations of surface energy fluxes and environmental drivers at 64 Arctic vegetation and glacier sites - Environmental conditions (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-22
    Description: Despite the importance of surface energy budgets (SEBs) for land-climate interactions in the Arctic, uncertainties in their prediction persist. In situ observational data of SEB components - useful for research and model validation - are collected at relatively few sites across the terrestrial Arctic, and not all available datasets are readily interoperable. Furthermore, the terrestrial Arctic consists of a diversity of vegetation types, which are generally not well represented in land surface schemes of current Earth system models. This dataset describes the environmental conditions for 64 tundra and glacier sites (〉=60°N latitude) across the Arctic, for which in situ measurements of surface energy budget components were harmonized (see Oehri et al. 2022). These environmental conditions are (proxies of) potential drivers of SEB-components and could therefore be called SEB-drivers. The associated environmental conditions, include the vegetation types graminoid tundra, prostrate dwarf-shrub tundra, erect-shrub tundra, wetland complexes, barren complexes (≤ 40% horizontal plant cover), boreal peat bogs and glacier. These land surface types (apart from boreal peat bogs) correspond to the main classification units of the Circumpolar Arctic Vegetation Map (CAVM, Raynolds et al. 2019). For each site, additional climatic and biophysical variables are available, including cloud cover, snow cover duration, permafrost characteristics, climatic conditions and topographic conditions.
    Keywords: Arctic; Arctic_SEB_CA-SCB; Arctic_SEB_CP1; Arctic_SEB_Dye-2; Arctic_SEB_EGP; Arctic_SEB_FI-Lom; Arctic_SEB_GL-NuF; Arctic_SEB_GL-ZaF; Arctic_SEB_GL-ZaH; Arctic_SEB_KAN_B; Arctic_SEB_KAN_L; Arctic_SEB_KAN_M; Arctic_SEB_KAN_U; Arctic_SEB_KPC_L; Arctic_SEB_KPC_U; Arctic_SEB_MIT; Arctic_SEB_NASA-E; Arctic_SEB_NASA-SE; Arctic_SEB_NASA-U; Arctic_SEB_NUK_K; Arctic_SEB_NUK_L; Arctic_SEB_NUK_N; Arctic_SEB_NUK_U; Arctic_SEB_QAS_A; Arctic_SEB_QAS_L; Arctic_SEB_QAS_M; Arctic_SEB_QAS_U; Arctic_SEB_RU-Che; Arctic_SEB_RU-Cok; Arctic_SEB_RU-Sam; Arctic_SEB_RU-Tks; Arctic_SEB_RU-Vrk; Arctic_SEB_Saddle; Arctic_SEB_SCO_L; Arctic_SEB_SCO_U; Arctic_SEB_SE-St1; Arctic_SEB_SJ-Adv; Arctic_SEB_SJ-Blv; Arctic_SEB_SouthDome; Arctic_SEB_Summit; Arctic_SEB_TAS_A; Arctic_SEB_TAS_L; Arctic_SEB_TAS_U; Arctic_SEB_THU_L; Arctic_SEB_THU_U; Arctic_SEB_Tunu-N; Arctic_SEB_UPE_L; Arctic_SEB_UPE_U; Arctic_SEB_US-A03; Arctic_SEB_US-A10; Arctic_SEB_US-An1; Arctic_SEB_US-An2; Arctic_SEB_US-An3; Arctic_SEB_US-Atq; Arctic_SEB_US-Brw; Arctic_SEB_US-EML; Arctic_SEB_US-HVa; Arctic_SEB_US-ICh; Arctic_SEB_US-ICs; Arctic_SEB_US-ICt; Arctic_SEB_US-Ivo; Arctic_SEB_US-NGB; Arctic_SEB_US-Upa; Arctic_SEB_US-xHE; Arctic_SEB_US-xTL; ArcticTundraSEB; Arctic Tundra Surface Energy Budget; Aspect; Aspect, coefficient of variation; Calculated average/mean values; Cloud cover; Cloud cover, standard deviation; Cloud top pressure; Cloud top pressure, standard deviation; Cloud top temperature; Cloud top temperature, standard deviation; Conrad's continentality index; Daily maximum; Daily mean; Data source; Date/Time of event; dry tundra; Eddy covariance; eddy heat flux; ELEVATION; Elevation, standard deviation; Event label; Field observation; glacier; graminoids; ground heat flux and net radiation; harmonized data; high latitude; Humidity, relative; Land-Atmosphere; Land-cover; Land cover classes; Land cover type; latent and sensible heat; latent heat flux; LATITUDE; Location ID; LONGITUDE; longwave radiation; Mean values; Median values; meteorological data; Number of vegetation types; observatory data; Peat bog; Permafrost, type; Permafrost extent; Permafrost ice content, description; Precipitation; Precipitation, coefficient of variation; Precipitation, daily, maximum; Precipitation, snow; Precipitation, sum; Pressure, atmospheric; p-value; Radiation fluxes; Radiative energy budget; Reference/source; sensible heat flux; Shannon Diversity Index; Shannon Diversity Index, maximum; shortwave radiation; shrub tundra; Site; Slope; Slope, coefficient of variation; Slope, mathematical; Snow, onset, day of the year; Snow cover, number of days; Snowfall, coefficient of variation; Snow-free days; Snow type; Soil water content, volumetric; Species present; Summer warmth index; surface energy balance; synthetic data; Temperature, air, annual mean; Temperature, air, coefficient of variation; Temperature, annual mean range; tundra vegetation; Type of study; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Vapour pressure deficit; Vegetation type; wetland; Wind speed; Zone
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4705 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Harmonized in-situ observations of surface energy fluxes and environmental drivers at 64 Arctic vegetation and glacier sites - Metadata (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-12
    Description: Despite the importance of surface energy budgets (SEBs) for land-climate interactions in the Arctic, uncertainties in their prediction persist. In situ observational data of SEB components - useful for research and model validation - are collected at relatively few sites across the terrestrial Arctic, and not all available datasets are readily interoperable. Furthermore, the terrestrial Arctic consists of a diversity of vegetation types, which are generally not well represented in land surface schemes of current Earth system models. This dataset contains metadata information about surface energy budget components measured at 64 tundra and glacier sites 〉60° N across the Arctic. This information was taken from the open-access repositories FLUXNET, Ameriflux, AON, GC-Net and PROMICE. The contained datasets are associated with the publication vegetation type as an important predictor of the Arctic Summer Land Surface Energy Budget by Oehri et al. 2022, and intended to support research of surface energy budgets and their relationship with environmental conditions, in particular vegetation characteristics across the terrestrial Arctic.
    Keywords: Aggregation type; Arctic; Arctic_SEB_CA-SCB; Arctic_SEB_CP1; Arctic_SEB_Dye-2; Arctic_SEB_EGP; Arctic_SEB_FI-Lom; Arctic_SEB_GL-NuF; Arctic_SEB_GL-ZaF; Arctic_SEB_GL-ZaH; Arctic_SEB_KAN_B; Arctic_SEB_KAN_L; Arctic_SEB_KAN_M; Arctic_SEB_KAN_U; Arctic_SEB_KPC_L; Arctic_SEB_KPC_U; Arctic_SEB_MIT; Arctic_SEB_NASA-E; Arctic_SEB_NASA-SE; Arctic_SEB_NASA-U; Arctic_SEB_NUK_K; Arctic_SEB_NUK_L; Arctic_SEB_NUK_N; Arctic_SEB_NUK_U; Arctic_SEB_QAS_A; Arctic_SEB_QAS_L; Arctic_SEB_QAS_M; Arctic_SEB_QAS_U; Arctic_SEB_RU-Che; Arctic_SEB_RU-Cok; Arctic_SEB_RU-Sam; Arctic_SEB_RU-Tks; Arctic_SEB_RU-Vrk; Arctic_SEB_Saddle; Arctic_SEB_SCO_L; Arctic_SEB_SCO_U; Arctic_SEB_SE-St1; Arctic_SEB_SJ-Adv; Arctic_SEB_SJ-Blv; Arctic_SEB_SouthDome; Arctic_SEB_Summit; Arctic_SEB_TAS_A; Arctic_SEB_TAS_L; Arctic_SEB_TAS_U; Arctic_SEB_THU_L; Arctic_SEB_THU_U; Arctic_SEB_Tunu-N; Arctic_SEB_UPE_L; Arctic_SEB_UPE_U; Arctic_SEB_US-A03; Arctic_SEB_US-A10; Arctic_SEB_US-An1; Arctic_SEB_US-An2; Arctic_SEB_US-An3; Arctic_SEB_US-Atq; Arctic_SEB_US-Brw; Arctic_SEB_US-EML; Arctic_SEB_US-HVa; Arctic_SEB_US-ICh; Arctic_SEB_US-ICs; Arctic_SEB_US-ICt; Arctic_SEB_US-Ivo; Arctic_SEB_US-NGB; Arctic_SEB_US-Upa; Arctic_SEB_US-xHE; Arctic_SEB_US-xTL; ArcticTundraSEB; Arctic Tundra Surface Energy Budget; Author(s); Data source; Date/Time of event; Day of the year; Description; dry tundra; Eddy covariance; eddy heat flux; Event label; Field observation; First year of observation; glacier; graminoids; ground heat flux and net radiation; harmonized data; high latitude; Institution; Instrument; Land-Atmosphere; Land-cover; Last year of observation; latent and sensible heat; latent heat flux; LATITUDE; Location ID; LONGITUDE; longwave radiation; meteorological data; Method comment; observatory data; Peat bog; Radiation fluxes; Radiative energy budget; Sample height; sensible heat flux; shortwave radiation; shrub tundra; surface energy balance; synthetic data; tundra vegetation; Type of study; Unit; Variable; wetland
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 20562 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Literature synthesis data of surface energy fluxes and environmental drivers from Arctic vegetation and glacier sites (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-12
    Description: Despite the importance of surface energy budgets (SEBs) for land-climate interactions in the Arctic, uncertainties in their prediction persist. In situ observational data of SEB components - useful for research and model validation - are collected at relatively few sites across the terrestrial Arctic, and not all available datasets are readily interoperable. Furthermore, the terrestrial Arctic consists of a diversity of vegetation types, which are generally not well represented in land surface schemes of current Earth system models. This dataset describes the data generated in a literature synthesis, covering 358 study sites on vegetation or glacier (〉=60°N latitude), which contained surface energy budget observations. The literature synthesis comprised 148 publications searched on the ISI Web of Science Core Collection.
    Keywords: Arctic; Arctic_SEB_1; Arctic_SEB_1951-2009_1; Arctic_SEB_1965-2000_1; Arctic_SEB_1965-2000_2; Arctic_SEB_1965-2000_3; Arctic_SEB_1965-2000_4; Arctic_SEB_1969-2013_1; Arctic_SEB_1970-1972_1; Arctic_SEB_1970-1979_1; Arctic_SEB_1972-2004_1; Arctic_SEB_1972-2004_10; Arctic_SEB_1972-2004_11; Arctic_SEB_1972-2004_2; Arctic_SEB_1972-2004_3; Arctic_SEB_1972-2004_4; Arctic_SEB_1972-2004_5; Arctic_SEB_1972-2004_6; Arctic_SEB_1972-2004_7; Arctic_SEB_1972-2004_8; Arctic_SEB_1972-2004_9; Arctic_SEB_1979-1995_1; Arctic_SEB_1979-1995_2; Arctic_SEB_1979-1995_3; Arctic_SEB_1979-1995_4; Arctic_SEB_1979-2005_1; Arctic_SEB_1980-1981_1; Arctic_SEB_1981-1997_1; Arctic_SEB_1981-1997_2; Arctic_SEB_1983-2005_1; Arctic_SEB_1983-2005_2; Arctic_SEB_1983-2005_3; Arctic_SEB_1984-1991_1; Arctic_SEB_1985-1989_1; Arctic_SEB_1985-2016_1; Arctic_SEB_1988-1988_1; Arctic_SEB_1988-1988_2; Arctic_SEB_1988-1988_3; Arctic_SEB_1988-1988_4; Arctic_SEB_1988-1988_5; Arctic_SEB_1989-1990_1; Arctic_SEB_1990-1991_1; Arctic_SEB_1991-1991_1; Arctic_SEB_1991-1999_1; Arctic_SEB_1991-1999_2; Arctic_SEB_1991-1999_3; Arctic_SEB_1992-1992_1; Arctic_SEB_1992-1997_1; Arctic_SEB_1994-1994_1; Arctic_SEB_1994-1994_2; Arctic_SEB_1994-1994_3; Arctic_SEB_1994-1994_4; Arctic_SEB_1994-1996_1; Arctic_SEB_1994-1996_10; Arctic_SEB_1994-1996_11; Arctic_SEB_1994-1996_12; Arctic_SEB_1994-1996_13; Arctic_SEB_1994-1996_14; Arctic_SEB_1994-1996_15; Arctic_SEB_1994-1996_16; Arctic_SEB_1994-1996_17; Arctic_SEB_1994-1996_2; Arctic_SEB_1994-1996_3; Arctic_SEB_1994-1996_4; Arctic_SEB_1994-1996_5; Arctic_SEB_1994-1996_6; Arctic_SEB_1994-1996_7; Arctic_SEB_1994-1996_8; Arctic_SEB_1994-1996_9; Arctic_SEB_1994-2008_1; Arctic_SEB_1994-2008_2; Arctic_SEB_1994-2009_1; Arctic_SEB_1994-2015_1; Arctic_SEB_1994-2015_2; Arctic_SEB_1994-2015_3; Arctic_SEB_1994-2015_4; Arctic_SEB_1994-2015_5; Arctic_SEB_1994-2015_6; Arctic_SEB_1995-1995_1; Arctic_SEB_1995-1995_2; Arctic_SEB_1995-1996_1; Arctic_SEB_1995-1997_1; Arctic_SEB_1995-1997_2; Arctic_SEB_1995-1997_3; Arctic_SEB_1995-1997_4; Arctic_SEB_1995-1998_1; Arctic_SEB_1995-1999_1; Arctic_SEB_1996-1997_1; Arctic_SEB_1996-1999_1; Arctic_SEB_1996-2005_1; Arctic_SEB_1996-2005_2; Arctic_SEB_1996-2005_3; Arctic_SEB_1997-1998_1; Arctic_SEB_1997-1999_1; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_1; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_10; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_11; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_12; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_13; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_14; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_15; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_16; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_17; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_18; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_19; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_2; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_20; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_21; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_22; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_23; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_24; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_25; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_3; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_4; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_5; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_6; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_7; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_8; Arctic_SEB_1997-2018_9; Arctic_SEB_1998-1998_1; Arctic_SEB_1998-1999_1; Arctic_SEB_1998-2000_1; Arctic_SEB_1998-2001_1; Arctic_SEB_1998-2005_1; Arctic_SEB_1998-2011_1; Arctic_SEB_1998-2011_2; Arctic_SEB_1998-2011_3; Arctic_SEB_1998-2013_1; Arctic_SEB_1999-1999_1; Arctic_SEB_1999-2000_1; Arctic_SEB_1999-2008_1; Arctic_SEB_1999-2008_2; Arctic_SEB_1999-2009_1; Arctic_SEB_1999-2014_1; Arctic_SEB_2000-2000_1; Arctic_SEB_2000-2000_2; Arctic_SEB_2000-2000_3; Arctic_SEB_2000-2000_4; Arctic_SEB_2000-2002_1; Arctic_SEB_2000-2002_2; Arctic_SEB_2000-2002_3; Arctic_SEB_2000-2003_1; Arctic_SEB_2000-2003_2; Arctic_SEB_2000-2003_3; Arctic_SEB_2000-2007_1; Arctic_SEB_2000-2007_2; Arctic_SEB_2000-2007_3; Arctic_SEB_2000-2007_4; Arctic_SEB_2000-2008_1; Arctic_SEB_2000-2010_1; Arctic_SEB_2000-2011_1; Arctic_SEB_2000-2011_10; Arctic_SEB_2000-2011_11; Arctic_SEB_2000-2011_2; Arctic_SEB_2000-2011_3; Arctic_SEB_2000-2011_4; Arctic_SEB_2000-2011_5; Arctic_SEB_2000-2011_6; Arctic_SEB_2000-2011_7; Arctic_SEB_2000-2011_8; Arctic_SEB_2000-2011_9; Arctic_SEB_2000-2014_1; Arctic_SEB_2001-2003_1; Arctic_SEB_2002-2002_1; Arctic_SEB_2002-2003_1; Arctic_SEB_2002-2003_2; Arctic_SEB_2002-2004_1; Arctic_SEB_2002-2010_1; Arctic_SEB_2002-2012_1; Arctic_SEB_2002-2012_2; Arctic_SEB_2002-2012_3; Arctic_SEB_2003-2003_1; Arctic_SEB_2003-2004_1; Arctic_SEB_2003-2007_1; Arctic_SEB_2003-2008_1; Arctic_SEB_2003-2008_2; Arctic_SEB_2003-2010_1; Arctic_SEB_2003-2010_2; Arctic_SEB_2003-2010_3; Arctic_SEB_2003-2011_1; Arctic_SEB_2004-2004_1; Arctic_SEB_2004-2006_1; Arctic_SEB_2004-2013_1; Arctic_SEB_2005-2005_1; Arctic_SEB_2006-2006_1; Arctic_SEB_2006-2006_2; Arctic_SEB_2006-2007_1; Arctic_SEB_2006-2007_10; Arctic_SEB_2006-2007_11; Arctic_SEB_2006-2007_12; Arctic_SEB_2006-2007_13; Arctic_SEB_2006-2007_14; Arctic_SEB_2006-2007_2; Arctic_SEB_2006-2007_3; Arctic_SEB_2006-2007_4; Arctic_SEB_2006-2007_5; Arctic_SEB_2006-2007_6; Arctic_SEB_2006-2007_7; Arctic_SEB_2006-2007_8; Arctic_SEB_2006-2007_9; Arctic_SEB_2006-2008_1; Arctic_SEB_2006-2008_2; Arctic_SEB_2006-2009_1; Arctic_SEB_2007-2007_1; Arctic_SEB_2007-2008_1; Arctic_SEB_2007-2009_1; Arctic_SEB_2007-2009_2; Arctic_SEB_2007-2010_1; Arctic_SEB_2007-2014_1; Arctic_SEB_2007-2015_1; Arctic_SEB_2007-2015_2; Arctic_SEB_2008-2008_1; Arctic_SEB_2008-2008_2; Arctic_SEB_2008-2008_3; Arctic_SEB_2008-2009_1; Arctic_SEB_2008-2010_1; Arctic_SEB_2008-2010_2; Arctic_SEB_2008-2010_3; Arctic_SEB_2008-2011_1; Arctic_SEB_2008-2012_1; Arctic_SEB_2008-2012_2; Arctic_SEB_2008-2012_3; Arctic_SEB_2009-2012_1; Arctic_SEB_2009-2012_2; Arctic_SEB_2009-2012_3; Arctic_SEB_2009-2012_4; Arctic_SEB_2009-2012_5; Arctic_SEB_2009-2014_1; Arctic_SEB_2009-2014_2; Arctic_SEB_2010-2014_1; Arctic_SEB_2010-2014_2; Arctic_SEB_2010-2014_3; Arctic_SEB_2010-2014_4; Arctic_SEB_2010-2014_5; Arctic_SEB_2011-2011_1; Arctic_SEB_2011-2013_1; Arctic_SEB_2011-2014_1; Arctic_SEB_2012-2012_1; Arctic_SEB_2012-2013_1; Arctic_SEB_2012-2013_2; Arctic_SEB_2012-2013_3; Arctic_SEB_2012-2013_4; Arctic_SEB_2012-2014_1; Arctic_SEB_2012-2015_1; Arctic_SEB_2012-2015_2; Arctic_SEB_2012-2015_3; Arctic_SEB_2012-2015_4; Arctic_SEB_2012-2015_5; Arctic_SEB_2013-2013_1; Arctic_SEB_2013-2014_1; Arctic_SEB_2013-2015_1; Arctic_SEB_2013-2015_2; Arctic_SEB_2013-2015_3; Arctic_SEB_2014-2014_1; Arctic_SEB_2014-2015_1; Arctic_SEB_2014-2016_1; Arctic_SEB_2015-2015_1; Arctic_SEB_2015-2015_2; Arctic_SEB_2015-2015_3; ArcticTundraSEB; Arctic Tundra Surface Energy Budget; Author(s); Classification; Comment; Data collection methodology; Data type; Date/Time of event; dry tundra; Eddy covariance; eddy heat flux; ELEVATION; Energy budget, description; Event label; Field observation; First year of observation; glacier; glaciers; graminoids; ground heat flux and net radiation; harmonized data; high latitude; Identification; Journal/report title; Land-Atmosphere; Land-cover; Last year of observation; latent and sensible heat; latent heat flux; LATITUDE; Location; LONGITUDE; longwave radiation; meteorological data; observatory data; Peat bog; Persistent Identifier; Publication type; Radiation fluxes; Radiative energy budget; Resolution; Season; sensible heat flux; shortwave radiation; shrub tundra; Spatial coverage; surface energy balance; synthetic data; Title; tundra vegetation; Type of study; Variable; Vegetation type; wetland; wetlands; Year of publication
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 8650 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Harmonized in-situ observations of surface energy fluxes and environmental drivers at 64 Arctic vegetation and glacier sites - Surface energy budget componenent data (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-12
    Description: Despite the importance of surface energy budgets (SEBs) for land-climate interactions in the Arctic, uncertainties in their prediction persist. In situ observational data of SEB components - useful for research and model validation - are collected at relatively few sites across the terrestrial Arctic, and not all available datasets are readily interoperable. Furthermore, the terrestrial Arctic consists of a diversity of vegetation types, which are generally not well represented in land surface schemes of current Earth system models. This dataset comprises harmonized, standardized and aggregated in-situ observations of surface energy budget components measured at 64 sites on vegetated and glaciated sites north of 60° latitude, in the time period from 1994 till 2021. The surface energy budget components include net radiation, sensible heat flux, latent heat flux, ground heat flux, net shortwave radiation, net longwave radiation, surface temperature and albedo, which were aggregated to daily mean, minimum and maximum values from hourly and half-hourly measurements. Data were retrieved from the monitoring networks FLUXNET, AmeriFlux, AON, GC-Net and PROMICE.
    Keywords: Albedo; Albedo, maximum; Albedo, minimum; Arctic; Arctic_SEB_CA-SCB; Arctic_SEB_CP1; Arctic_SEB_Dye-2; Arctic_SEB_EGP; Arctic_SEB_FI-Lom; Arctic_SEB_GL-NuF; Arctic_SEB_GL-ZaF; Arctic_SEB_GL-ZaH; Arctic_SEB_KAN_B; Arctic_SEB_KAN_L; Arctic_SEB_KAN_M; Arctic_SEB_KAN_U; Arctic_SEB_KPC_L; Arctic_SEB_KPC_U; Arctic_SEB_MIT; Arctic_SEB_NASA-E; Arctic_SEB_NASA-SE; Arctic_SEB_NASA-U; Arctic_SEB_NUK_K; Arctic_SEB_NUK_L; Arctic_SEB_NUK_N; Arctic_SEB_NUK_U; Arctic_SEB_QAS_A; Arctic_SEB_QAS_L; Arctic_SEB_QAS_M; Arctic_SEB_QAS_U; Arctic_SEB_RU-Che; Arctic_SEB_RU-Cok; Arctic_SEB_RU-Sam; Arctic_SEB_RU-Tks; Arctic_SEB_RU-Vrk; Arctic_SEB_Saddle; Arctic_SEB_SCO_L; Arctic_SEB_SCO_U; Arctic_SEB_SE-St1; Arctic_SEB_SJ-Adv; Arctic_SEB_SJ-Blv; Arctic_SEB_SouthDome; Arctic_SEB_Summit; Arctic_SEB_TAS_A; Arctic_SEB_TAS_L; Arctic_SEB_TAS_U; Arctic_SEB_THU_L; Arctic_SEB_THU_U; Arctic_SEB_Tunu-N; Arctic_SEB_UPE_L; Arctic_SEB_UPE_U; Arctic_SEB_US-A03; Arctic_SEB_US-A10; Arctic_SEB_US-An1; Arctic_SEB_US-An2; Arctic_SEB_US-An3; Arctic_SEB_US-Atq; Arctic_SEB_US-Brw; Arctic_SEB_US-EML; Arctic_SEB_US-HVa; Arctic_SEB_US-ICh; Arctic_SEB_US-ICs; Arctic_SEB_US-ICt; Arctic_SEB_US-Ivo; Arctic_SEB_US-NGB; Arctic_SEB_US-Upa; Arctic_SEB_US-xHE; Arctic_SEB_US-xTL; ArcticTundraSEB; Arctic Tundra Surface Energy Budget; Bowen ratio; Calculated from Ground heat, flux / Net radiation; Calculated from Heat, flux, latent / Net radiation; Calculated from Heat, flux, sensible / Heat, flux, latent; Calculated from Heat, flux, sensible / Net radiation; Calculated from Heat, flux, sensible + Heat, flux, latent + Ground heat, flux; Calculated from Long-wave downward radiation, maximum - Long-wave upward radiation, maximum; Calculated from Long-wave downward radiation, minimum - Long-wave upward radiation, minimum; Calculated from Long-wave downward radiation - Long-wave upward radiation; Calculated from Long-wave net radiation / Net radiation; Calculated from Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation, maximum - Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation, maximum; Calculated from Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation, minimum - Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation, minimum; Calculated from Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation - Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation; Calculated from Short-wave net radiation, maximum + Long-wave net radiation, maximum; Calculated from Short-wave net radiation, minimum + Long-wave net radiation, minimum; Calculated from Short-wave net radiation / Net radiation; Calculated from Short-wave net radiation + Long-wave net radiation; Calculated from Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation / Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation; Calculated from Surface temperature, maximum - Temperature, air, maximum; Calculated from Surface temperature, minimum - Temperature, air, minimum; Calculated from Surface temperature - Temperature, air; Cloud coverage; Cloud coverage, maximum; Cloud coverage, minimum; Daily maximum; Daily mean; Daily minimum; Data source; DATE/TIME; Day of the year; dry tundra; Eddy covariance; eddy heat flux; ELEVATION; Event label; Field observation; glacier; graminoids; Ground heat, flux; Ground heat, flux, maximum; Ground heat, flux, minimum; Ground heat, flux/Net radiation ratio; ground heat flux and net radiation; harmonized data; Heat, flux, latent; Heat, flux, latent, maximum; Heat, flux, latent, minimum; Heat, flux, latent/Net radiation ratio; Heat, flux, sensible; Heat, flux, sensible, maximum; Heat, flux, sensible, minimum; Heat flux, sensible/Net radiation ratio; high latitude; Humidity, relative; Humidity, relative, maximum; Humidity, relative, minimum; Land-Atmosphere; Land-cover; latent and sensible heat; latent heat flux; LATITUDE; Location ID; LONGITUDE; Long-wave downward radiation; Long-wave downward radiation, maximum; Long-wave downward radiation, minimum; Long-wave net radiation; Long-wave net radiation, maximum; Long-wave net radiation, minimum; Long-wave net radiation/Net radiation ratio; longwave radiation; Long-wave upward radiation; Long-wave upward radiation, maximum; Long-wave upward radiation, minimum; meteorological data; Month; Net radiation; Net radiation, maximum; Net radiation, minimum; Normalized by X / Potential incoming solar radiation, maximum * 100; observatory data; Original variable; Peat bog; Potential incoming solar radiation; Potential incoming solar radiation, maximum; Potential incoming solar radiation, minimum; Precipitation; Precipitation, daily, maximum; Precipitation, daily, minimum; Pressure, atmospheric; Pressure, atmospheric, maximum; Pressure, atmospheric, minimum; Radiation fluxes; Radiative energy budget; sensible heat flux; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation, maximum; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation, minimum; Short-wave net radiation; Short-wave net radiation, maximum; Short-wave net radiation, minimum; Short-wave net radiation/Net radiation ratio; shortwave radiation; Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation; Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation, maximum; Short-wave upward (REFLEX) radiation, minimum; shrub tundra; Soil water content, volumetric; Soil water content, volumetric, maximum; Soil water content, volumetric, minimum; surface energy balance; Surface temperature; Surface temperature, maximum; Surface temperature, minimum; synthetic data; Temperature, air; Temperature, air, maximum; Temperature, air, minimum; Temperature, soil; Temperature, soil, maximum; Temperature, soil, minimum; Temperature gradient, 0-2m above surface; Temperature gradient, 0-2m above surface, maximum; Temperature gradient, 0-2m above surface, minimum; tundra vegetation; Type of study; Vapour pressure deficit; Vapour pressure deficit, maximum; Vapour pressure deficit, minimum; wetland; Wind direction; Wind speed; Wind speed, maximum; Wind speed, minimum; Year of observation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 17112737 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Natural marine methane sources in the Arctic (2015)
    Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP)
    In:  In: AMAP Assessment 2015: Methane as an Arctic climate forcer. Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP), Oslo, Norway, pp. 27-38. ISBN 978-82-7971-091-2
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-02-26
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Book chapter
  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Variability and quasi-decadal changes in the methane budget over the period 2000–2012 (2017)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
    In:  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 17 (18). pp. 11135-11161.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-15
    Description: Following the recent Global Carbon Project (GCP) synthesis of the decadal methane (CH4) budget over 2000–2012 (Saunois et al., 2016), we analyse here the same dataset with a focus on quasi-decadal and inter-annual variability in CH4 emissions. The GCP dataset integrates results from top-down studies (exploiting atmospheric observations within an atmospheric inverse-modelling framework) and bottom-up models (including process-based models for estimating land surface emissions and atmospheric chemistry), inventories of anthropogenic emissions, and data-driven approaches. The annual global methane emissions from top-down studies, which by construction match the observed methane growth rate within their uncertainties, all show an increase in total methane emissions over the period 2000–2012, but this increase is not linear over the 13 years. Despite differences between individual studies, the mean emission anomaly of the top-down ensemble shows no significant trend in total methane emissions over the period 2000–2006, during the plateau of atmospheric methane mole fractions, and also over the period 2008–2012, during the renewed atmospheric methane increase. However, the top-down ensemble mean produces an emission shift between 2006 and 2008, leading to 22 [16–32] Tg CH4 yr−1 higher methane emissions over the period 2008–2012 compared to 2002–2006. This emission increase mostly originated from the tropics, with a smaller contribution from mid-latitudes and no significant change from boreal regions. The regional contributions remain uncertain in top-down studies. Tropical South America and South and East Asia seem to contribute the most to the emission increase in the tropics. However, these two regions have only limited atmospheric measurements and remain therefore poorly constrained. The sectorial partitioning of this emission increase between the periods 2002–2006 and 2008–2012 differs from one atmospheric inversion study to another. However, all top-down studies suggest smaller changes in fossil fuel emissions (from oil, gas, and coal industries) compared to the mean of the bottom-up inventories included in this study. This difference is partly driven by a smaller emission change in China from the top-down studies compared to the estimate in the Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGARv4.2) inventory, which should be revised to smaller values in a near future. We apply isotopic signatures to the emission changes estimated for individual studies based on five emission sectors and find that for six individual top-down studies (out of eight) the average isotopic signature of the emission changes is not consistent with the observed change in atmospheric 13CH4. However, the partitioning in emission change derived from the ensemble mean is consistent with this isotopic constraint. At the global scale, the top-down ensemble mean suggests that the dominant contribution to the resumed atmospheric CH4 growth after 2006 comes from microbial sources (more from agriculture and waste sectors than from natural wetlands), with an uncertain but smaller contribution from fossil CH4 emissions. In addition, a decrease in biomass burning emissions (in agreement with the biomass burning emission databases) makes the balance of sources consistent with atmospheric 13CH4 observations. In most of the top-down studies included here, OH concentrations are considered constant over the years (seasonal variations but without any inter-annual variability). As a result, the methane loss (in particular through OH oxidation) varies mainly through the change in methane concentrations and not its oxidants. For these reasons, changes in the methane loss could not be properly investigated in this study, although it may play a significant role in the recent atmospheric methane changes as briefly discussed at the end of the paper.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.5194/acp-17-11135-2017
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The global methane budget 2000–2012 (2016)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
    In:  Earth System Science Data, 8 (2). pp. 697-751.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-15
    Description: The global methane (CH4) budget is becoming an increasingly important component for managing realistic pathways to mitigate climate change. This relevance, due to a shorter atmospheric lifetime and a stronger warming potential than carbon dioxide, is challenged by the still unexplained changes of atmospheric CH4 over the past decade. Emissions and concentrations of CH4 are continuing to increase, making CH4 the second most important human-induced greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide. Two major difficulties in reducing uncertainties come from the large variety of diffusive CH4 sources that overlap geographically, and from the destruction of CH4 by the very short-lived hydroxyl radical (OH). To address these difficulties, we have established a consortium of multi-disciplinary scientists under the umbrella of the Global Carbon Project to synthesize and stimulate research on the methane cycle, and producing regular (∼ biennial) updates of the global methane budget. This consortium includes atmospheric physicists and chemists, biogeochemists of surface and marine emissions, and socio-economists who study anthropogenic emissions. Following Kirschke et al. (2013), we propose here the first version of a living review paper that integrates results of top-down studies (exploiting atmospheric observations within an atmospheric inverse-modelling framework) and bottom-up models, inventories and data-driven approaches (including process-based models for estimating land surface emissions and atmospheric chemistry, and inventories for anthropogenic emissions, data-driven extrapolations). For the 2003–2012 decade, global methane emissions are estimated by top-down inversions at 558 Tg CH4 yr−1, range 540–568. About 60 % of global emissions are anthropogenic (range 50–65 %). Since 2010, the bottom-up global emission inventories have been closer to methane emissions in the most carbon-intensive Representative Concentrations Pathway (RCP8.5) and higher than all other RCP scenarios. Bottom-up approaches suggest larger global emissions (736 Tg CH4 yr−1, range 596–884) mostly because of larger natural emissions from individual sources such as inland waters, natural wetlands and geological sources. Considering the atmospheric constraints on the top-down budget, it is likely that some of the individual emissions reported by the bottom-up approaches are overestimated, leading to too large global emissions. Latitudinal data from top-down emissions indicate a predominance of tropical emissions (∼ 64 % of the global budget, 〈 30° N) as compared to mid (∼ 32 %, 30–60° N) and high northern latitudes (∼ 4 %, 60–90° N). Top-down inversions consistently infer lower emissions in China (∼ 58 Tg CH4 yr−1, range 51–72, −14 %) and higher emissions in Africa (86 Tg CH4 yr−1, range 73–108, +19 %) than bottom-up values used as prior estimates. Overall, uncertainties for anthropogenic emissions appear smaller than those from natural sources, and the uncertainties on source categories appear larger for top-down inversions than for bottom-up inventories and models. The most important source of uncertainty on the methane budget is attributable to emissions from wetland and other inland waters. We show that the wetland extent could contribute 30–40 % on the estimated range for wetland emissions. Other priorities for improving the methane budget include the following: (i) the development of process-based models for inland-water emissions, (ii) the intensification of methane observations at local scale (flux measurements) to constrain bottom-up land surface models, and at regional scale (surface networks and satellites) to constrain top-down inversions, (iii) improvements in the estimation of atmospheric loss by OH, and (iv) improvements of the transport models integrated in top-down inversions. The data presented here can be downloaded from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (http://doi.org/10.3334/CDIAC/GLOBAL_METHANE_BUDGET_2016_V1.1) and the Global Carbon Project.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.5194/essd-8-697-2016
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  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The global methane budget 2000–2012 (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-29
    Description: The global methane (CH4) budget is becoming an increasingly important component for managing realistic pathways to mitigate climate change. This relevance, due to a shorter atmospheric lifetime and a stronger warming potential than carbon dioxide, is challenged by the still unexplained changes of atmospheric CH4 over the past decade. Emissions and concentrations of CH4 are continuing to increase, making CH4 the second most important human-induced greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide. Two major difficulties in reducing uncertainties come from the large variety of diffusive CH4 sources that overlap geographically, and from the destruction of CH4 by the very short-lived hydroxyl radical (OH). To address these difficulties, we have established a consortium of multi-disciplinary scientists under the umbrella of the Global Carbon Project to synthesize and stimulate research on the methane cycle, and producing regular ( biennial) updates of the global methane budget. This consortium includes atmospheric physicists and chemists, biogeochemists of surface and marine emissions, and socio-economists who study anthropogenic emissions. Following Kirschke et al. (2013), we propose here the first version of a living review paper that integrates results of top-down studies (exploiting atmospheric observations within an atmospheric inverse-modelling framework) and bottom-up models, inventories and data-driven approaches (including process-based models for estimating land surface emissions and atmospheric chemistry, and inventories for anthropogenic emissions, data-driven extrapolations). For the 2003–2012 decade, global methane emissions are estimated by top-down inversions at 558 TgCH4 yr􀀀1, range 540–568. About 60% of global emissions are anthropogenic (range 50–65 %). Since 2010, the bottom-up global emission inventories have been closer to methane emissions in the most carbon intensive Representative Concentrations Pathway (RCP8.5) and higher than all other RCP scenarios. Bottom-up approaches suggest larger global emissions (736 TgCH4 yr􀀀1, range 596–884) mostly because of larger natural emissions from individual sources such as inland waters, natural wetlands and geological sources. Considering the atmospheric constraints on the top-down budget, it is likely that some of the individual emissions reported by the bottom-up approaches are overestimated, leading to too large global emissions. Latitudinal data from top-down emissions indicate a predominance of tropical emissions ( 64% of the global budget, 〈 30 N) as compared to mid ( 32 %, 30–60 N) and high northern latitudes ( 4 %, 60–90 N). Top-down inversions consistently infer lower emissions in China ( 58 TgCH4 yr􀀀1, range 51–72, 􀀀14 %) and higher emissions in Africa (86 TgCH4 yr􀀀1, range 73–108, C19 %) than bottom-up values used as prior estimates. Overall, uncertainties for anthropogenic emissions appear smaller than those from natural sources, and the uncertainties on source categories appear larger for top-down inversions than for bottom-up inventories and models. The most important source of uncertainty on the methane budget is attributable to emissions from wetland and other inland waters. We show that the wetland extent could contribute 30–40% on the estimated range for wetland emissions. Other priorities for improving the methane budget include the following: (i) the development of process-based models for inland-water emissions, (ii) the intensification of methane observations at local scale (flux measurements) to constrain bottom-up land surface models, and at regional scale (surface networks and satellites) to constrain top-down inversions, (iii) improvements in the estimation of atmospheric loss by OH, and (iv) improvements of the transport models integrated in top-down inversions. The data presented here can be downloaded from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (http://doi.org/10.3334/CDIAC/GLOBAL_METHANE_BUDGET_2016_V1.1) and the Global Carbon Project.
    Description: Published
    Description: 697–751
    Description: 6A. Geochimica per l'ambiente
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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