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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Special issue on Ridge 2000 program research (2012)
    Rockville, Md.
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 316 S , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt
    Series Statement: Oceanography 25.2012,1, Spec. issue
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Larval dispersal potential of the tubeworm Riftia pachyptila at deep-sea hydrothermal vents (2001)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 411 (2001), S. 77-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Hydrothermal vents are ephemeral because of frequent volcanic and tectonic activities associated with crust formation. Although the larvae of hydrothermal vent fauna can rapidly colonize new vent sites separated by tens to hundreds of kilometres, the mechanisms by which these larvae disperse ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35075063
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Involvement of the oxygen minimum in benthic zonation on a deep seamount (1990)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 346 (1990), S. 57-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Volcano 7, an inactive seamount7 at 13° 23' N, 102° 27' W, of 20-km diameter, rises from a depth of 3,400 m to 730 m. Its benthic and pelagic ecology were studied with submersible and shipboard sampling (including conductivity temperature depth (CTD) hydrocasts, water samples, box cores, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/346057a0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
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    A Roadmap for Using the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development in Support of Science, Policy, and Action (2020)
    Cell Press | Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: The health of the ocean, central to human well-being, has now reached a critical point. Most fish stocks are overexploited, climate change and increased dissolved carbon dioxide are changing ocean chemistry and disrupting species throughout food webs, and the fundamental capacity of the ocean to regulate the climate has been altered. However, key technical, organizational, and conceptual scientific barriers have prevented the identification of policy levers for sustainability and transformative action. Here, we recommend key strategies to address these challenges, including (1) stronger integration of sciences and (2) ocean-observing systems, (3) improved science-policy interfaces, (4) new partnerships supported by (5) a new ocean-climate finance system, and (6) improved ocean literacy and education to modify social norms and behaviors. Adopting these strategies could help establish ocean science as a key foundation of broader sustainability transformations.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Larvae of Deep-Sea Invertebrates Harbor Low-Diversity Bacterial Communities (2021)
    University of Chicago Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Microbial symbionts are a common life-history character of marine invertebrates and their developmental stages. Communities of bacteria that associate with the eggs, embryos, and larvae of coastal marine invertebrates tend to be species specific and correlate with aspects of host biology and ecology. The richness of bacteria associated with the developmental stages of coastal marine invertebrates spans four orders of magnitude, from single mutualists to thousands of unique taxa. This understanding stems predominately from the developmental stages of coastal species. If they are broadly representative of marine invertebrates, then we may expect deep-sea species to associate with bacterial communities that are similar in diversity. To test this, we used amplicon sequencing to profile the bacterial communities of invertebrate larvae from multiple taxonomic groups (annelids, molluscs, crustaceans) collected from 2500 to 3670 m in depth in near-bottom waters near hydrothermal vents in 3 different regions of the Pacific Ocean (the East Pacific Rise, the Mariana Back-Arc, and the Pescadero Basin). We find that larvae of deep-sea invertebrates associate with low-diversity bacterial communities (similar to 30 bacterial taxa) that lack specificity between taxonomic groups. The diversity of these communities is estimated to be similar to 7.9 times lower than that of coastal invertebrate larvae, but this result depends on the taxonomic group. Associating with a low-diversity community may imply that deep-sea invertebrate larvae do not have a strong reliance on a microbiome and that the hypothesized lack of symbiotic contributions would differ from expectations for larvae of coastal marine invertebrates.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: other
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    An evolution towards scientific consensus for a sustainable ocean future (2022)
    Nature Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: The ocean has recently taken centre stage in the global geopolitical landscape. Despite rising challenges to the effectiveness of multilateralism, attention to ocean issues appears as an opportunity to co-create pathways to ocean sustainability at multiple levels. The ocean science community, however, is not sufficiently well organised to advance these pathways and provide policy input. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services demonstrate how knowledge consensus and integration have been instrumental in charting global pathways and eliciting commitments to address, respectively, climate change and biodiversity loss. An equally impactful global platform with a thematic focus on ocean sustainability is needed. Here we introduce the International Panel for Ocean Sustainability (IPOS) as a coordinating mechanism to integrate knowledge systems to forge a bridge across ocean science-policy divides collectively. The IPOS will enrich the global policy debate in the Ocean Decade and support a shift toward ocean sustainability.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    Particle contact on flat plates in flow : a model for initial larval contact (2006)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Patterns and rates of particle contact onto flat plates in steady unidirectional flows were investigated in a laboratory flume. Plates with three leading edge configurations (faired, bluff and split) were used to generate boundary-layer flows that differed in downstream patterns of plate-ward advection, turbulence and shear stress. Particle contact onto the leading edges of all plates was consistently low in 2,5, and 10 cm s-1 along-stream flow speeds. Contact was enhanced under separation eddies that formed over bluff and split plates, but was reduced at reattachment points. High contact rates appeared to correspond to a combination of local plate-ward advection, a thick boundary layer, and reduced shear stress. Surprisingly, particle contact rates in the "non-varying" flow region further downstream on the plates varied only slightly between plate types and between flow speeds. Contact rates did, however, vary strongly with particle abundance in the flume. These results were used to develop a predictive model of passive larval contact rate onto settlement plates in known larval concentrations and free-stream flows. The contact model, when combined with larval behavioral observations, provides the basis for a more objective, quantitative method of interpreting larval settement plates.
    Description: Funding was provided by the Office of Naval Research under Contract Nos. NOOO14-89-J-1431 and NOO014-89-J-1l12.
    Keywords: Boundary-layer-flow ; Larval settlement ; Particle contact
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: 1682557 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 8
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    Growth rate and age effects on Mya arenaria shell chemistry: Implications for biogeochemical studies (2008)
    Elsevier B.V.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: This paper is not subject to U.S. copyright. The definitive version was published in Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 355 (2008): 153-163, doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2007.12.022.
    Description: The chemical composition of bivalve shells can reflect that of their environment, making them useful indicators of climate, pollution, and ecosystem changes. However, biological factors can also influence chemical properties of biogenic carbonate. Understanding how these factors affect chemical incorporation is essential for studies that use elemental chemistry of carbonates as indicators of environmental parameters. This study examined the effects of bivalve shell growth rate and age on the incorporation of elements into juvenile softshell clams, Mya arenaria. Although previous studies have explored the effects of these two biological factors, reports have differed depending on species and environmental conditions. In addition, none of the previous studies have examined growth rate and age in the same species and within the same study. We reared clams in controlled laboratory conditions and used solution-based inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis to explore whether growth rate affects elemental incorporation into shell. Growth rate was negatively correlated with Mg, Mn, and Ba shell concentration, possibly due to increased discrimination ability with size. The relationship between growth rate and Pb and Sr was unresolved. To determine age effects on incorporation, we used laser ablation ICP-MS to measure changes in chemical composition across shells of individual clams. Age affected incorporation of Mn, Sr, and Ba within the juvenile shell, primarily due to significantly different elemental composition of early shell material compared to shell accreted later in life. Variability in shell composition increased closer to the umbo (hinge), which may be the result of methodology or may indicate an increased ability with age to discriminate against ions that are not calcium or carbonate. The effects of age and growth rate on elemental incorporation have the potential to bias data interpretation and should be considered in any biogeochemical study that uses bivalves as environmental indicators.
    Description: This work was supported by NSF project numbers OCE-0241855 and OCE-0215905.
    Keywords: Bivalve shell ; Carbonate chemistry ; Element incorporation ; Growth rate ; Mya arenaria
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 9
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    Habitat associations in gastropod species at East Pacific Rise hydrothermal vents (9°50'N) (2008)
    Marine Biological Laboratory
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © Marine Biological Laboratory, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of Marine Biological Laboratory for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Biological Bulletin 212 (2007): 185-194.
    Description: At deep-sea hydrothermal vents on the East Pacific Rise (9°50'N), distinct megafaunal assemblages are positioned along strong thermal and chemical gradients. We investigated the distribution of gastropod species to determine whether they associate with specific megafaunal zones and to determine the thermal boundaries of their habitats. Gastropods colonized a series of basalt blocks that were placed into three different zones characterized by vestimentiferan tubeworms, bivalves, and suspension-feeders, respectively. Additional gastropods were collected on selected blocks from higher temperature vestimentiferan habitat and from grab samples of alvinellid polychaetes. On the blocks, gastropod species clustered into a "Cool" group (Clypeosectus delectus, Eulepetopsis vitrea, Gorgoleptis spiralis, and Lepetodrilus ovalis) whose species tended to be most abundant in the suspension-feeder zone, and a "Warm" group (Lepetodrilus cristatus, L. elevatus, L. pustulosus, and Cyathermia naticoides) whose species all were significantly more abundant in the vestimentiferan zone than elsewhere. The temperature ranges of Cool species were generally lower than the ranges of Warm ones, although both groups were present at 3 to 6 °C; also present was Bathymargarites symplector, which clustered with neither group. Three additional species, Rhynchopelta concentrica, Neomphalus fretterae, and Nodopelta rigneae, co-occurred with Warm-group species on selected blocks from hotter habitats. Although a few species were found only in alvinellid collections, most species were not exclusive to a specific megafaunal zone. We propose that species in the Cool and Warm groups occupy specific microhabitats that are present in more than one zone.
    Description: This work was supported by NSF grants OCE-9712233 (co-PIs Chuck Fisher and Pete Peterson), OCE-9619605 (co-PIs Donal Manahan and Craig Young) and OCE- 0424953.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 10
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    Colonisation of newly-opened habitat by a pioneer species, Alvinella pompejana (Polychaeta: Alvinellidae), at East Pacific Rise vent sites (2011)
    Inter-Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © Inter-Research, 2005. This article is posted here by permission of Inter-Research for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Marine Ecology Progress Series 302 (2005): 147-157, doi:10.3354/meps302147.
    Description: Animal communities on the walls of deep-sea hydrothermal chimneys are distributed in mosaics of patches that may evolve as local environmental conditions change and biological interactions develop. Alvinella pompejana Desbruyères et Laubier, 1980 is one of the first metazoan colonisers of new surfaces created by mineral precipitation, and therefore may be particularly important in community establishment in active parts of smokers. Here our goal was to investigate the colonisation mechanisms of A. pompejana in new patches and determine whether these mechanisms may influence population structure and reproductive patterns in this species. We deployed a series of TRAC (Titanium Ring for Alvinellid Colonisation) devices at East Pacific Rise (EPR) vent sites to compare the size and stage (i.e. reproductive maturity) distribution of A. pompejana individuals between recently colonised patches (TRACs) and established patches (grabbed by submersible). TRACs deployed for short time periods (11 d to 1 mo) were generally colonised by smaller individuals than those found in background populations or in TRACs deployed for longer time periods (〉1 mo). Colonists into new patches were a mix of juveniles and individuals that were sexually mature but non-reproductive (i.e. not producing gametes), whereas background population and older patches harboured a mixture of individuals at different stages including reproductive females. Although some individuals may have recruited on TRACs as larvae, the major colonisation process involved was probably immigration of post-larval stages. In long-term TRAC, reproductive females were not reproductively synchronised. In this dynamic environment, reproduction would be triggered by the disturbance/migration processes, explaining the heterogeneity observed in reproductive patterns.
    Description: The research was funded by INSU, CNRS, IFREMER, Dorsales and NSF grant OCE-9712233 to L.S.M.
    Keywords: Polychaete ; Hydrothermal vent ; Deep-sea ; Reproduction ; Experimental colonisation ; Patch distribution ; Migration
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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