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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Experimental Cell Research 108 (1977), S. 47-55 
    ISSN: 0014-4827
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Experimental Cell Research 108 (1977), S. 47-55 
    ISSN: 0014-4827
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Experimental Cell Research 108 (1977), S. 47-55 
    ISSN: 0014-4827
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects 755 (1983), S. 137-143 
    ISSN: 0304-4165
    Keywords: (Human fibroblast) ; Insulin ; Lipogenesis ; Triiodothyronine ; dibutyryl cyclic AMP
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Knorpel-Knochenumwandlung ; Osteoarthrose ; Chondrocyten ; Kollagensynthese ; Immunfluorescenz ; Cartilage-bone metamorphosis ; Osteoarthrosis ; Chondrocytes ; Collagen-synthesis ; Immunofluorescence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Synthesis of collagen by chondrocytes was studied by immunofluorescence using antibodies specific for type I, II and III collagen. The following tissues and culture conditions were chosen for this immunohistological study: normal articular cartilage, epiphyseal growth cartilage, cartilage undergoing osteoarthrotic degeneration, suspension culture and monolayer culture. While type II collagen is the unique collagen all over hyaline cartilage, type I collagen is produced by hypertrophic chondrocytes in the growth plate. In addition, chondrocytes in osteoarthrotic areas of articular cartilage synthesize type I collagen. Under in vitro culture conditions, chondrocytes initially produce type II collagen and synthesize later on type I collagen. The change of synthesis from type II to type I collagen is more rapid in monolayer than in suspension culture. It is concluded that the presence of matrix compounds and the cellmatrix interaction as well are necessary to maintain synthesis of type II collagen in chondrocytes. Alterations in the cell-matrix interactions are shown to occur in the hypertrophic zone of the epiphyseal growth plate, in cartilage undergoing osteoarthrotic degeneration as well as in chondrocytes grown in culture. Thus, change in the control of gene activity may subsequently lead to change in collagen synthesis. It is possible that the synthesis of type I collagen, which cannot fulfil the physiological function of a structural element in cartilageneous tissue, is a crucial factor in the process of osteoarthrosis.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Unter Verwendung von spezifischen Antikörpern ist es möglich, mit Hilfe immunhistologischer Methoden die Verteilung der verschiedenen Kollagentypen und auch die Kollagensynthese einzelner Zellen zu verfolgen. Diese Methode wurde angewendet, um die Kollagensynthese von Chondrocyten im normalen Gelenkknorpel, Epiphysenknorpel der Wachstumsplatte, osteoarthrotischen Gelenkknorpel, sowie unter in vitro Kulturbedingungen zu verfolgen. Während im normalen Knorpel nur Typ II Kollagen synthetisiert wird, wurde festgestellt, daß die hypertrophierenden großen Chondrocyten an der Basis des Säulenknorpels auf die Synthese des Typ I Kollagens umschalten. Ähnliches gilt auch für die arthrotischen Zellen des Gelenkknorpels. Hier führt die Degeneration zu einer Umschaltung der Kollagensynthese von Typ II auf Typ I Kollagen. Dieses Phänomen kann auch in vitro nachvollzogen werden. In Suspensionskulturen, in denen Chondrocyten in Aggregaten eine knorpelähnliche Matrix aufzubauen vermögen, vollzieht sich der Umschaltungsprozeß langsamer als in Monolayerkulturen. Diese Beobachtungen zeigen, daß Chondrocyten zur Aufrechterhaltung ihrer Typ II Kollagensynthese eine spezielle Zell-Matrix-Wechselwirkung benötigen. Wird durch eine Veränderung der Knorpelmatrix (z.B. bei dem Degenerationsprozeß der Osteoarthrose) diese Wechselbeziehung gestört, kommt es zu einer Neuorientierung der Kollagensynthese und — in deren Folge — zur Umschaltung auf Typ I Kollagen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 152 (1992), S. 397-402 
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Cyclosporine A (CyA) is a powerful nonsteroidal immunosuppressive agent used to prevent graft rejection of organ and bone marrow transplants. A major side effect observed can be attributed to the fibroblast and its functions: proliferation of fibroblasts and formation of fibrotic tissue in the gingiva (fibrous hyperplasia) and in the kidney are induced. The mechanism of both is still obscure. In order to elucidate whether these side effects are due to the drug acting on human fibroblasts itself or whether they are indirect ones mediated by factors released by lymphocytes, cultures of human gingiva fibroblasts were exposed to CyA under defined in vitro conditions. Incubation with CyA for 72 hours resulted in a dosedependent stimulation of DNA synthesis, whereas glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis was slightly suppressed. Long-term incubation (6 weeks) with 1 μg/ml CyA resulted again in stimulation of growth parameters: compared to the drug-free control, cell number increased to 168%, incorporation of 3H-thymidine into DNA to 143%, and overall protein content to 159%. Collagen and GAG synthesis were elevated to ∼ 120%. When corrected for cell number or cell protein content, this represents a decline in matrix synthesis, comparable to short-term incubations. These results indicate that a direct effect of CyA on proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts is responsible for some of the observed hyperplasia. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-02-01
    Description: Highlights: • 18 southern European charcoal records document 16,000 years of fire regime changes. • Since the Neolithic, land uses have artificially maintained high fire frequencies. • Human-induced decreases in forest cover led to a reduction in the biomass burned. • Human-modified landscapes affected ecological processes more meaningly than expected. Abstract: Variability in fire regime at the continental scale has primarily been attributed to climate change, often overshadowing the widely potential impact of human activities. However, human ignition modifies the rhythm of fire episodes occurrence (fire frequency), whereas land use alters vegetation composition and fuel load, and thus the amount of biomass burned. It is unclear, however, whether and how humans have exercised a significant influence over fire regimes at continental and millennial scales. Based on sedimentary charcoal records, we use new alternative estimate of fire frequency and biomass burned for the last 16000 years (here after 16 ky) that we evaluate with outputs from climate, vegetation, land use and population models. We find that pronounced regional-scale land use changes in southern Europe at the beginning of the Neolithic (8–6 ky), during the Bronze Age (5–4 ky) and the medieval period (1 ky) caused a doubling of fire frequency compared to the Holocene average (the last 11.5 ky). Despite anthropogenic influences, southern European biomass burned decreased from 7 ky, which is in line both with changes in orbital parameters leading climate cooling and also reductions in biomass availability because of land use. Our study underscores the role of elevation-dependent parameters, and particularly biomass and land management, as major drivers of fire regime variability. Results attest a determinant anthropogenic driving-force on fire regime and a decrease in fire-carbon emissions since 7 ky in Southern Europe.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Unknown
    In:  EPIC3Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 298(3), pp. 189-200
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/x-gzip
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  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/x-gzip
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