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  • 1
    Keywords: Particles (Nuclear physics) -- Congresses. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (444 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9780444601377
    Language: English
    Note: Front Cover -- Band Structure and Nuclear Dynamics -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- PREFACE -- LIST OF VISITORS -- PART I: PHENOMENOLOGICAL COLLECTIVE MODELS -- CHAPTER 1. PERSPECTIVES IN THE THEORY OF NUCLEAR COLLECTIVE MOTION -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. AN EXTENSION OF THE VARIABLE MOMENT OF INERTIA CONCEPT. POSSIBLE RELATION WITH THE INTERACTING BOSON MODEL -- III. BAND CROSSING CALCULATIONS AND VMI CONCEPTS -- IV. MICROSCOPIC FOUNDATIONS OF THE INTERACTING BOSON MODEL (IBM) AND OTHER BOSON EXPANSIONS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 2. PRESENT STATUS OF THE VMI AND RELATED MODELS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 3. THE INTERACTING BOSON-FERMION MODEL -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. THE INTERACTING BOSON-FERMION MODEL -- 3. THE SU(5) LIMIT -- 4. THE SU(3) LIMIT -- 5. THE SO(6) LIMIT -- 6. INTERMEDIATE SITUATIONS -- 7. CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES AND FOOTNOTES -- PART II: STRONGLY DEFORMED NUCLEI -- CHAPTER 4. BAND STRUCTURE IN STRONGLY DEFORMED NUCLEI -- INTRODUCTION -- STUDY OF YRAST BANDS -- SIDE BANDS AND BAND CROSSINGS -- B(E2) VALUES OF ROTATIONAL TRANSITIONS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 5. STRUCTURE OF COLLECTIVE BANDS IN DEFORMED NUCLEI FROM THE MICROSCOPIC POINT OF VIEW -- INTRODUCTION -- CHOICE OF THE FORCE -- MOMENT OF INERTIA AT LOW SPIN -- BAND PROPERTIES AT LOW SPIN -- THE BACKBEND REGION -- SIMPLE MODELS FOR BACKBENDING -- NON-SELF-CONSISTENT HARTREE-FOCK -- SELF-CONSISTENT HARTREE-FOCK -- HARTREE-FOCK BOGOLYUBOV -- VERY HIGH SPIN STATES -- J SHELL AT HIGH SPIN, EXACT RESULTS -- CORRELATIONS AT HIGH SPIN -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 6. THE HARTREE-FOCK-BOGOLIUBOV THEORY OF HIGH-SPIN STATES -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. HFB - CRANKING THEORY -- 3. BACKBENDING, C0RI0LIS ANTIPAIRING, PAIR REALIGNMENT AND GAPLESS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 7. THE CRANKING MODEL APPLIED TO Yb BANDS AND BAND CROSSINGS. , INTRODUCTION -- EXPERIMENTS - 16 0,162yb- _ NBI -- EXTRACTION OF PERTINENT VALUES FROM DATA - 16 0,162yb -- CROSSING FREQUENCIES -- CALCULATIONS -- 161Yb EXPERIMENT - NBI -- COMPARISON TO CALCULATIONS - 161Yb -- COMPARISON TO CALCULATIONS - 160Yb -- COMPARISON TO CALCULATIONS - 162Yb -- EXPERIMENTS - 160Yb - ORNL -- HIGH-SPIN STATES - 160Yb -- TREND OF SECOND BACKBENDERS -- CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- PART III: TRANSITIONAL NUCLEI -- CHAPTER 8. SURVEY OF EXPERIMENTAL TESTS OF THE IBA MODEL -- I . INTRODUCTION -- II. STRUCTURE OF THE IBA: APPROACH, APPROXIMATIONS AND SCOPE, SYMMETRIES, IBA-1 AND IBA-2, PARAMETERS, RELATION TO OTHER MODELS -- III. THE 0(6) LIMIT AND THE 0(6) → ROTOR TRANSITION IN THE PT-OS REGION -- IV. THE SU(5) → SU(3) TRANSITION IN THE SM ISOTOPES -- V. ENERGIES AND TRANSITIONS IN THE A^80 REGION -- VI. TWO NUCLEON TRANSFER IN THE IBA -- VII. INELASTIC SCATTERING PROCESSES -- VIII. THE IBA FOR ODD MASS NUCLEI (IBFA) -- IX. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 9. SYMMETRIC ROTOR INTERPRETATION OF TRANSITIONAL NUCLEI -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. SYSTEMATIC TRENDS FOR SLIGHTLY-DEFORMED-SYMMETRIC-ROTORS -- III. COMPARISON OF GENERAL TRENDS AND SPECIFIC CALCULATIONS TO EXPERIMENTAL DATA -- IV. CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 10. ELECTROMAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF EXCITED BANDS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 11. HOW MICROSCOPIC BOSON MODELS WORK -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. THE MAIN IDEA OF BOSON EXPANSIONS -- 3. MAPPING THE WHOLE FERMION SPACE - EXAMPLES OF VARIOUS EXPANSIONS -- 4. CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- PART IV: VERY HIGH SPIN STATES -- CHAPTER 12. PHENOMENA AT VERY HIGH SPINS -- ABSTRACT -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 13. NILSSON-STRUTINSKY MODEL OF VERY HIGH SPIN STATES -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS. , III. NUCLEI ROTATING AROUND THE SYMMETRY AXIS -- IV. COMPETITION BETWEEN SINGLE-PARTICLE AND COLLECTIVE EXCITATIONS IN THE A~150 YRAST TRAP REGION -- V. SHELL EFFECTS IN THE YRAST SPECTRUM OF 118Te -- VI. SHELL EFFECTS AT LARGE DEFORMATIONS. SUPER-BACK-BENDING -- VII. PARTICLE INSTABILITY AT VERY HIGH SPINS -- VIII. THE REGION ABOVE THE YRAST LINE -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 14. SELF-CONSISTENT THEORY OF VERY HIGH SPIN STATES -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. HAMILTONIAN, DETAILS OF THE CALCULATION -- III. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS FOR 162Yb and 164Er -- IV. ANGULAR MOMENTUM FLUCTUATIONS -- V. PAIRING CORRELATIONS IN STRUTINSKY-TYPE CALCULATIONS -- VI . SUMMARY -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT -- REFERENCES -- PART V: SPECIAL TOPICS -- CHAPTER 15. RELATION OF THE INTERACTING BOSON MODEL TO THE SHELL MODEL -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. FAVORED PAIRS AND SD SUBSPACE -- 3. THE GINOCCHIO MODEL AND THE INTERACTING BOSON MODEL WITH THE DYSON REPRESENTATION -- 4. THE GINOCCHIO MODEL, OTSUKA-ARIMA-IACHELLO METHOD AND BOSON EXPANSION -- 5. SINGLE J MODEL AND CRITICISM OF THE BOSON EXPANSION TECHNIQUE -- 6. COLLECTIVE NON-COLLECTIVE COUPLING AND THE RENORMALIZATION OF THE EFFECTIVE INTERACTION -- 7. DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 16. ANALYSIS OF NUCLEAR COLLECTIVE MOTIONS IN TERMS OF THE BOSON EXPANSION THEORY -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. THE METHOD OF BOSON EXPANSION -- 3. RESULTS OF CALCULATIONS -- 4. FURTHER DISCUSSION ON THE USE OF BET -- 5. CONCLUDING REMARKS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 17. ELECTRIC GIANT MULTIPOLE RESONANCES -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. THEORETICAL DESCRIPTION USING MICROSCOPIC MODELS -- 3. ELECTRIC MULTIPOLE RESONANCES -- 4. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- PART VI: ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION -- CHAPTER 18. SOME QUESTIONS ON THE CORIOLIS FORCE, THE STRUCTURE OF ROTATIONAL STATES AND THE IBM -- ON THE CORIOLIS FORCE IN ROTATING NUCLEI. , ON THE MICROSCOPIC ORIGIN OF ROTATIONAL STATES -- ON THE INTERACTING BOSON MODEL (IBM) -- CHAPTER 19. THE EBBS AND FLOWS OF THE COLLECTIVE TIDE -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 20. REMAINING PROBLEMS IN NUCLEAR DYNAMICS -- INTRODUCTION -- UNIFIED SHELL-MODEL DESCRIPTION OF NUCLEAR DEFORMATION -- REMAINING PROBLEMS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 21. REMARKS ABOUT ANGULAR MOMENTUM FLUCTUATIONS AND THE PARTICLE-PLUS-ROTOR MODEL AS COMPARED TO THE SELFCONSISTENT CRANKING MODEL -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. THE PARTICLE PLUS ROTOR MODEL -- III. THE LIMIT OF A "VANISHING ROTOR" AND ITS CONSEQUENCES -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- AUTHOR INDEX.
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Due to the strong interest in geochemical CO2-fluid-rock interaction in the context of geological storage of CO2 a growing number of research groups have used a variety of different experimental ways to identify important geochemical dissolution or precipitation reactions and – if possible – quantify the rates and extent of mineral or rock alteration. In this inter-laboratory comparison the gas-fluid-mineral reactions of three samples of rock-forming minerals have been investigated by 11 experimental labs. The reported results point to robust identification of the major processes in the experiments by most groups. The dissolution rates derived from the changes in composition of the aqueous phase are consistent overall, but the variation could be reduced by using similar corrections for changing parameters in the reaction cells over time. The comparison of experimental setups and procedures as well as of data corrections identified potential improvements for future gas-fluid-rock studies.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2020-06-26
    Description: Due to the strong interest in geochemical CO2-fluid-rock interaction in the context of geological storage of CO2 a growing number of research groups have used a variety of different experimental ways to identify important geochemical dissolution or precipitation reactions and – if possible – quantify the rates and extent of mineral or rock alteration. In this inter-laboratory comparison the gas-fluid-mineral reactions of three samples of rock-forming minerals have been investigated by 11 experimental labs. The reported results point to robust identification of the major processes in the experiments by most groups. The dissolution rates derived from the changes in composition of the aqueous phase are consistent overall, but the variation could be reduced by using similar corrections for changing parameters in the reaction cells over time. The comparison of experimental setups and procedures as well as of data corrections identified potential improvements for future gas-fluid-rock studies.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2013-01-19
    Description: Antisense transcription, or transcription on the opposite strand of the same genomic locus as another transcript, has been observed in many organisms, including yeast. Several antisense transcripts are known to be conserved across various species of yeast, and a few antisense transcripts are associated with functional regulation of the sense transcript. We detect antisense transcription from approximately 90% of protein-coding genes, and antisense transcription is generally associated with histone modifications indicative of a transcriptionally active state. The pattern of genome-wide antisense transcription in two species of budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and S. paradoxus , is widely evolutionarily conserved: Antisense transcripts exhibit conserved expression levels and localization with respect to gene annotations. Regions of genes exhibiting conserved antisense transcription also show less sequence divergence than regions of genes without antisense transcription. These findings provide further support that widespread antisense transcription is functional in yeast, and expand the catalog of putative functional antisense transcripts to include nonpolyadenylated transcripts. Because antisense transcripts are less divergent in sequence than expected, they likely contain sequences important to their function.
    Print ISSN: 0737-4038
    Electronic ISSN: 1537-1719
    Topics: Biology
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2016-05-12
    Description: Background Ample evidence has shown that early-life social conditions are associated with mortality later in life. However, little attention has been given to the strength of these effects across specific age intervals from birth to old age. In this paper, we study the effect of the family's socioeconomic position and mother's marital status at birth on all-cause mortality at different age intervals in a Swedish cohort of 11 868 individuals followed across their lifespan. Methods Using the Uppsala Birth Cohort Multigenerational Study, we fitted Cox regression models to estimate age-varying HRs of all-cause mortality according to mother's marital status and family's socioeconomic position. Results Mother's marital status and family's socioeconomic position at birth were associated with higher mortality rates throughout life (HR 1.18 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.26) for unmarried mothers; 1.19 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.25) for low socioeconomic position). While the effect of family's socioeconomic position showed little variation across different age groups, the effect of marital status was stronger for infant mortality (HR 1.47 (95% CI 1.23 to 1.76); p=0.04 for heterogeneity). The results remained robust when early life and adult mediator variables were included. Conclusions Family's socioeconomic position and mother's marital status involve different dimensions of social stratification with independent effects on mortality throughout life. Our findings support the importance of improving early-life conditions in order to enhance healthy ageing.
    Keywords: Epidemiologic studies, Mortality and morbidity, Open access, Sociology
    Print ISSN: 0143-005X
    Electronic ISSN: 1470-2738
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by BMJ Publishing Group
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2016-08-12
    Description: There is renewed optimism regarding the use of natural experimental studies to generate evidence as to the effectiveness of population health interventions. Natural experimental studies capitalise on environmental and policy events that alter exposure to certain social, economic or environmental factors that influence health. Natural experimental studies can be useful for examining the impact of changes to ‘upstream’ determinants, which may not be amenable to controlled experiments. However, while natural experiments provide opportunities to generate evidence, they often present certain conceptual and methodological obstacles. Population health interventions that alter the physical or social environment are usually administered broadly across populations and communities. The breadth of these interventions means that variation in exposure, uptake and impact may be complex. Yet many evaluations of natural experiments focus narrowly on identifying suitable ‘exposed’ and ‘unexposed’ populations for comparison. In this paper, we discuss conceptual and analytical issues relating to defining and measuring exposure to interventions in this context, including how recent advances in technology may enable researchers to better understand the nature of population exposure to changes in the built environment. We argue that when it is unclear whether populations are exposed to an intervention, it may be advantageous to supplement traditional impact assessments with observational approaches that investigate differing levels of exposure. We suggest that an improved understanding of changes in exposure will assist the investigation of the impact of complex natural experiments in population health.
    Keywords: Sociology
    Print ISSN: 0143-005X
    Electronic ISSN: 1470-2738
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by BMJ Publishing Group
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2016-02-05
    Description: In vitro evidence suggests that the bone marrow microenvironment (BMME) is altered in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs). Here, we study the BMME in MDS in vivo using a transgenic murine model of MDS with hematopoietic expression of the translocation product NUP98-HOXD13 ( NHD13 ). This model exhibits a prolonged period of cytopenias prior to transformation to leukemia and is therefore ideal to interrogate the role of the BMME in MDS. In this model, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) were decreased in NHD13 mice by flow cytometric analysis. The reduction in the total phenotypic HSPC pool in NHD13 mice was confirmed functionally with transplantation assays. Marrow microenvironmental cellular components of the NHD13 BMME were found to be abnormal, including increases in endothelial cells and in dysfunctional mesenchymal and osteoblastic populations, whereas megakaryocytes were decreased. Both CC chemokine ligand 3 and vascular endothelial growth factor, previously shown to be increased in human MDS, were increased in NHD13 mice. To assess whether the BMME contributes to disease progression in NHD13 mice, we performed transplantation of NHD13 marrow into NHD13 mice or their wild-type (WT) littermates. WT recipients as compared with NHD13 recipients of NHD13 marrow had a lower rate of the combined outcome of progression to leukemia and death. Moreover, hematopoietic function was superior in a WT BMME as compared with an NHD13 BMME. Our data therefore demonstrate a contributory role of the BMME to disease progression in MDS and support a therapeutic strategy whereby manipulation of the MDS microenvironment may improve hematopoietic function and overall survival.
    Keywords: Myeloid Neoplasia
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2016-07-20
    Description: Background— In asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction, we sought to assess incremental prognostic utility of exercise stress echocardiography. Methods and Results— We studied 533 such patients (age, 66±13 years; 78% men; 31% with coronary artery disease) who underwent exercise stress echocardiography between 2001 and 2012. Clinical, echocardiographic, and exercise variables (metabolic equivalents [METs], % of age–sex–predicted METs and heart rate recovery at first minute post exercise) were recorded. The end point was all-cause mortality. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons score, left ventricular ejection fraction, mean resting aortic valve (AV) gradient, indexed AV area, METs, and heart rate recovery were 2.9±3%, 58±4%, 35±11 mm Hg, 0.47±0.1 cm 2 /m 2 , 7.8±3, and 26±12 bpm, respectively. Only 50% achieved 〉100%, whereas 26% achieved 〈85% age–sex–predicted METs. There were no major exercise stress echocardiography-related complications. Over 6.9±3 years, 341 (64%) underwent AV replacement (54% isolated), and there were 104 (20%) deaths. On multivariable Cox proportional hazard survival analysis, a higher Society of Thoracic Surgeons score (hazard ratio, 1.21), lower % age–sex–predicted METs (hazard ratio 1.15), and slower heart rate recovery (hazard ratio, 1.22) were associated with higher longer-term mortality, whereas AV replacement (time-dependent covariate, hazard ratio, 0.26) was associated with improved survival. The addition of % age–sex–predicted METs to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons score resulted in significant reclassification of longer-term mortality risk (integrated discrimination index, 0.07 [0.03–0.11; P 〈0.001). Conclusions— In asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction undergoing exercise stress echocardiography, a lower % of age–sex–predicted METs and slower heart rate recovery were associated with longer-term mortality, whereas AV replacement was associated with improved survival.
    Keywords: Valvular Heart Disease, Echocardiography, Exercise Testing, Mortality/Survival
    Print ISSN: 1941-9651
    Electronic ISSN: 1942-0080
    Topics: Medicine
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2016-03-30
    Description: The human gut microbiome is a dynamic and densely populated microbial community that can provide important benefits to its host. Cooperation and competition for nutrients among its constituents only partially explain community composition and interpersonal variation. Notably, certain human-associated Bacteroidetes—one of two major phyla in the gut—also encode machinery for...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2016-01-30
    Description: Background In aortic stenosis (AS), symptoms and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction represent a later disease state, and objective parameters that identify incipient LV dysfunction are needed. We sought to determine prognostic utility of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS) in patients with aortic valve area 〈1.3 cm 2 . Methods and Results Five-hundred and thirty-one patients between January 2007 and December 2008 with aortic valve area 〈1.3 cm 2 (86% with aortic valve area ≤1.1 cm 2 ) and left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50% who had BNP drawn ≤90 days from initial echo were included. Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score and mortality were recorded. Mean STS score, glomerular filtration rate, and median BNP were 11±5, 73±35 mL/min per 1.73 m , and 141 (60–313) pg/mL, respectively; 78% were in New York Heart Association class ≥II. Mean LV-stroke volume index (LV-SVI) and LV-GLS were 39±10 mL/m 2 and –13.9±3%. At 4.7±2 years, 405 patients (76%) underwent aortic valve replacement; 161 died (30%). On multivariable survival analysis, age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.46), New York Heart Association class (HR 1.27), coronary artery disease (HR 1.72), decreasing glomerular filtration rate (HR 1.15), increasing BNP (HR 1.16), worsening LV-GLS (HR 1.13) and aortic valve replacement (time dependent) (HR 0.34) predicted survival (all P 〈0.01). For mortality, the c-statistic incrementally increased as follows (all P 〈0.01): STS score (0.60 [0.58–0.64]), STS score+BNP (0.67 [0.62–0.70]), and STS score+BNP+LV-GLS (0.74 [0.68–0.78]). Conclusions In normal LVEF patients with significant aortic stenosis, BNP and LV-GLS provide incremental (additive not duplicative) prognostic information over established predictors, suggesting that both play a synergistic role in defining outcomes.
    Keywords: Metabolism, Valvular Heart Disease, Echocardiography, Cardiovascular Surgery
    Electronic ISSN: 2047-9980
    Topics: Medicine
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