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  • 1
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    Surface ruptures database related to the 26 December 2018, MW 4.9 Mt. Etna earthquake, southern Italy (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Villani, Fabio; Pucci, Stefano; Azzaro, Raffaele; Civico, Riccardo; Cinti, Francesca Romana; Pizzimenti, Luca; Tarabusi, Gabriele; Branca, Stefano; Brunori, Carlo Alberto; Caciagli, Marco; Cantarero, Massimo; Cucci, Luigi; D'Amico, Salvatore; De Beni, Emanuela; De Martini, Paolo Marco; Mariucci, Maria Teresa; Messina, A; Montone, Paola; Nappi, Rosa; Nave, Rosella; Pantosti, Daniela; Ricci, Tullio; Sapia, Vincenzo; Smedile, Alessandra; Vallone, Roberto; Venuti, Alessandra (2020): Surface ruptures database related to the 26 December 2018, MW 4.9 Mt. Etna earthquake, southern Italy. Scientific Data, 7(1), 42, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-0383-0
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-08
    Description: We provide a database of the coseismic surface ruptures produced by the 26 December 2018 Mw 4.9 earthquake that struck the eastern flank of Mt. Etna (southern Italy), the largest active volcano in Europe. Despite its small size, this shallow earthquake caused an impressive system of coseismic surface ruptures extending about 8.5 km, along the trace of the NNW-trending active Fiandaca Fault. We performed detailed field surveys were performed in the epicentral region to describe the ruptures geometry and kinematics. These exhibit a dominant right-oblique sense of slip with coseismic displacement peaks of 0.35 m. The Fiandaca Fault is part of a complex active faults system affecting the eastern flank of Mt. Etna. Its seismic history indicates a prominent surface-faulting potential, so our study is essential for unravelling the seismotectonics of shallow earthquakes in volcanic settings, and contributes updating empirical scaling laws relating moderate-sized earthquakes and surface faulting. The collected observations have been parsed and organized in a concise database consisting of 874 homogeneous georeferenced records. The main features describing the coseismic ruptures are the following: ID, time of sample collection, location (latitude, longitude, elevation), type of rupture, type of affected substratum, attitude (dip angle, dip direction, strike), surface offset (opening, throw, strike slip, net slip), kinematics, slip vector attitude, width of the deformation zone.
    Keywords: Angle; Compass; DATE/TIME; Direction; earthquake; ELEVATION; Etna; ETNA; Fiandaca fault; Kinematics; LATITUDE; Length; LONGITUDE; Mount Etna, Sicily, Italia; Observation; Offset; Opening; ORDINAL NUMBER; Plunge; rupture; Strike; Strike-slip; Substratum; surface faulting; Throw; Trend; volcano; Width
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 6893 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Database of GPS data collected by surveys on seismic and volcanic areas of Sicily (Italy) from 1994 to 2013 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Roma, Italy
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-04
    Description: This is a 20-year long database of GPS data collected by geodetic surveys carried out over the seismically and volcanically active eastern Sicily, for a total of more than 6300 measurements. Data have been convertedi nto the international ASCII compressed RINEX standard in order to be imported and processed by any GPS analysis software. Database is provided with an explorer software for navigating into the dataset by spatial (GIS) and temporal queries.
    Keywords: Sicily
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 812.7 MBytes
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Unoccupied Aircraft Systems (UASs) Reveal the Morphological Changes at Stromboli Volcano (Italy) before, between, and after the 3 July and 28 August 2019 Paroxysmal Eruptions (2021)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: In July and August 2019, two paroxysmal eruptions dramatically changed the morphology of the crater terrace that hosts the active vents of Stromboli volcano (Italy). Here, we document these morphological changes, by using 2259 UAS-derived photographs from eight surveys and Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetric techniques, resulting in 3D point clouds, orthomosaics, and digital surface models (DSMs) with resolution ranging from 8.1 to 12.4 cm/pixel. We focus on the morphological evolution of volcanic features and volume changes in the crater terrace and the upper part of the underlying slope (Sciara del Fuoco). We identify both crater terrace and lava field variations, with vents shifting up to 47 m and the accumulation of tephra deposits. The maximum elevation changes related to the two paroxysmal eruptions (in between May and September 2019) range from +41.4 to −26.4 m at the lava field and N crater area, respectively. Throughout September 2018–June 2020, the total volume change in the surveyed area was +447,335 m3. Despite Stromboli being one of the best-studied volcanoes worldwide, the UAS-based photogrammetry products of this study provide unprecedented high spatiotemporal resolution observations of its entire summit area, in a period when volcanic activity made the classic field inspections and helicopter overflights too risky. Routinely applied UAS operations represent an effective and evolving tool for volcanic hazard assessment and to support decision-makers involved in volcanic surveillance and civil protection operations.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.3390/rs13152870
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Preliminary morpho-structural analyses of the summit craters of Etna, in the last 4 Years, based on data extracted through SfM technique (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Morphological changes of the summit craters of active volcanoes are of pivotal interest in volcano monitoring because they could be the consequences of volcanic activities and represent the prelude of dangerous events. Several methodologies have been used during the years in the volcanological monitoring, starting from ground measurements and remote sensing techniques such as aerial observation and satellite data analysis. However, in the last decade UAVs have emerged in monitoring active volcanoes. In fact, they represent tools of indisputable value due to their relatively low cost, speed in mission planning, repeatability of surveys for data acquisition and increased operator safety. During the last 4 Years we performed 15 UAVs surveys and 3 from helicopter to monitor the four summit craters of ETNA. The acquired data have been processed through structure-from-motion photogrammetric software to extract DEMs and orthomosaics with resolution ranging between 5 and 20 cm. A multi-temporal comparison of the extracted data has been successively performed on a GIS platform with the final aims of performing morpho-structural analyses of Etna summit craters, identifying areas of structural weakness, that could indicate areas of possible lateral collapses, and computing volume balances between gained and lost volumes. The presented elaborations could help to quantify the hazard related to Etna summit eruptive activity and to mitigate the risk on an area visited by several tourists, especially in summer time. Powered by
    Description: Published
    Description: Online conference
    Description: 5V. Processi eruttivi e post-eruttivi
    Keywords: Etna ; morpho-structural analyses ; structure-from-motion
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Abstract
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 5
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    Massive data collection in volcanic areas owing to photogrammetryderived models: a key example from the NE Rift, Mt Etna (Italy). (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The collection of a conspicuous amount of data in volcanic areas is a key for a deeper understanding of the relationships between faulting, diking and superficial volcanic processes. A way to quickly collect huge amounts of data is to analyse photogrammetry-derived models (Digital surface models, orthomosaics and 3D models) using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to collect all necessary pictures obtaining final models with a texture ground resolution up to 2-3 cm/pix. In this work, we describe our approach to build up models of a broad area located in the NE Rift of Mt. Etna, which is affected by continuous ground deformation linked to gravity sliding of the eastern flank of the volcano and dyke injection. The area is characterized by the presence of eruptive craters and fissures, extension fractures, and normal faults, as well as by historical lava flows. The goal was to quantify the kinematics at extensional fractures and normal faults, integrating the latter with seismological data to reconstruct the stress field acting in this peculiar sector of the volcano. By the point of view of UAV surveying, the test area is challenging since it is located at an altitude ranging between 2700 and 1900 m a.s.l., and it is affected by extreme weather conditions, like a strong wind. Resulting models, in the form of DSM and orthomosaic, are characterised by a resolution of 11.86 and 2.97 cm/pix, respectively, obtained from the elaboration of 4018 photos and covering an area of 2.2 km2. Thanks to these models, we recognized the presence of 20 normal fault segments, 250 extension fractures, and 54 single eruptive fissures. Considering all the above mention data, we quantified the kinematics at extensional fractures and normal faults, obtaining an extension rate of 1.9 cm/yr for the last 406 yr.
    Description: INGV
    Description: Published
    Description: Vienna
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Keywords: Etna ; Drone ; SfM tecniques ; NE rift ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 6
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    Lava flows of Mt Etna, Italy: the 2019 eruption within the context of the last two decades (1999–2019) (2021)
    Taylor & Francis
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: UAVs have become a useful tool for natural hazard monitoring. In volcanic areas, they allow wider observations of the eruptive behaviour, with no risk for the operator. The SfM technique enables obtaining orthoimages of lava flows and a DEM in a short time. These data are also useful to estimate lava flow volumes and the mass output rate characterizing an eruption. We present the results of ten UAV surveys made during and after the 30 May – 6 June 2019 eruption of Etna volcano, projecting the data in a time context back until 1999. Orthoimages taken on different days allowed monitoring the morpho-structural evolution of the fissures, capturing the lava flows propagation and the accumulation of pyroclastic deposits. From 1999 to 2018, there were nine flank-eruptions and dozens of summiteruptions, which for graphic simplicity have been grouped by year in the map. The resulting map represents the most updated of the recent lava flows of Etna
    Description: This study has benefited from funding provided by the APQ Sicilia and from funding provided by the Italian Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri – Dipartimento della Protezione Civile (DPC); Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia.
    Description: Published
    Description: 65-76
    Description: 6V. Pericolosità vulcanica e contributi alla stima del rischio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Lava flow mapping ; volcanological monitoring ; Etna ; UAV ; SfM technique ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 7
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    Topographically Predicted Vertical Gravity Gradient Field and Its Applicability in 3D and 4D Microgravimetry: Etna (Italy) Case Study (2021)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-07
    Description: Some geophysical or geodynamic applications require the use of true vertical gradient of gravity (VGG). This demand may be associated with reductions of or corrections to observed gravity or its spatiotemporal changes. In the absence of in situ measured VGG values, the constant value of the theoretical (normal) free air gradient (FAG) is commonly used. We propose an alternative to this practice which may significantly reduce systematic errors associated with the use of constant FAG. The true VGG appears to be better approximated, in areas with prominent and rugged topography, such as alpine or some volcanic regions, by a value based on the modelled contribution of the topographic masses to the gradient. Such prediction can be carried out with a digital elevation model (DEM) of sufficient resolution and accuracy. Here we present the VGG field computed for Mt. Etna (Italy), one of the most active and best monitored volcanoes worldwide, to illustrate how strongly the VGG deviates spatially from constant FAG. The predicted (modelled) VGG field is verified by in situ observations. We also take a look at the sensitivity of the VGG prediction to the resolution and quality of used DEMs. We conclude with discussing the applicability of the topo-predicted VGG field in near surface structural and volcanological micro-gravimetric studies.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3315–3333
    Description: 1IT. Reti di monitoraggio e sorveglianza
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 8
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    UAVs for volcano monitoring: A new approach applied on an active lava flow on Mt. Etna (Italy), during the 27 February–02 March 2017 eruption (2019)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-03-23
    Description: Mt. Etna (Italy)with 55 effusive events in the last six years is one of themost active volcanoes in theworld,with a million people living on its flank and thousands of tourists who visit it every summer. For this reason, the lava flowmonitoring for riskmitigation and Civil Protection purposes is one of the fundamental tasks of the Cartographic Laboratory of the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Etneo. This activity was traditionally performed using data collected from the field (with terrestrial GPS surveys) and from helicopter taking visible and thermal images. During the 27 February–02 March 2017 eruption the FlyEye Team, applied Unmanned Aerial Vehicles to monitor the active lava flow. Two high-resolution UAV surveys were performed on the lava flow field on the south flank of Mt. Etna, between 3050 and 2600 m a.s.l., obtaining almost 1170 images. Structure-from-Motion techniques were applied to create orthophotos and Digital Elevation Models (DEM) of the lava flowfield and surroundings. The obtained DEMhas a resolution of 14.2, and 20.7 cm/px for the main lava flow and the west branch, respectively. On the wall, the 96% of the lava flow field was mapped using aerial images by UAV covering an area of 0.3 × 106 m2. Lava flow volume was calculated with the topographic approach: difference between post- and pre-eruption surface, DEM 2017 and DEM 2014, respectively. The impossibility of spreading the GCPs homogenously distorted the resulting DEM; for this reason, it was necessary to align the lava flow point clouds, obtained from the photogrammetry software, to the basal 2014 DEM. Subtracting the two DEMs a lava flow thickness grid resulted leading to a total volume of 1.4 × 106 m3 and an error estimation of about 20%. Finally, dividing the total volume for the effusion duration (63 h) a mean output rate of 6.2 m3/s resulted. The calculated volcanological parameters have the same order of magnitude of the previous activity ofMt. Etna, between 2011 and 2016. This research demonstrates thatUAV photogrammetry was successfully exploited during an eruptive crisis, allowing a first fast processing, to obtain an orthophoto of the lava flow field, useful for “decision makers” and a further slower processing for the realization of a highresolution DEM. The lattermakes it possible to update the topography, another important argument for Civil Protection purpose. This paper describes a methodology that could be applied during other natural events in extreme environmental conditions.
    Description: Dipartimento di Protezione Civile (DPC) Allegato B2 - SubtaskD4
    Description: Published
    Description: 250–262
    Description: 5V. Processi eruttivi e post-eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Etna ; Lava flow ; Photogrammetry ; UAV survey ; Structure from Motion ; Photogrammetry ; DEM ; Volume calculation ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 9
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    Surface ruptures database related to the 26 December 2018, MW 4.9 Mt. Etna earthquake, southern Italy (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-11
    Description: We provide a database of the surface ruptures produced by the 26 December 2018 Mw 4.9 earthquake that struck the eastern flank of Mt. Etna volcano in Sicily (southern Italy). Despite its relatively small magnitude, this shallow earthquake caused about 8 km of surface faulting, along the trace of the NNW-trending active Fiandaca Fault. Detailed field surveys have been performed in the epicentral area to map the ruptures and to characterize their kinematics. The surface ruptures show a dominant right-oblique sense of displacement with an average slip of about 0.09 m and a maximum value of 0.35 m. We have parsed and organized all observations in a concise database, with 932 homogeneous georeferenced records. The Fiandaca Fault is part of the complex active Timpe faults system affecting the eastern flank of Etna, and its seismic history indicates a prominent surface-faulting potential. Therefore, this database is essential for unravelling the seismotectonics of shallow earthquakes in volcanic areas, and contributes updating empirical scaling regressions that relate magnitude and extent of surface faulting.
    Description: Published
    Description: id 42
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Surface faulting ; Coseismic effects ; 04.04. Geology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 10
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    A multidisciplinary strategy for in-situ and remote sensing monitoring of areas affected by pressurized fluids: Application to mud volcanoes: A multidisciplinary environmental monitoring strategy (2018)
    IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-14
    Description: Abstract — A multidisciplinary strategy integrating a data set obtained using different mthods and techniques, ranging from remote sensing (UAV system, FTIR, thermal imaging) to direct field measurements (soil heat flux, soil CO2 flux, gravimetry and geomagnetism) proved highly capable of modeling regions affected by pressurized fluids circulation and extreme natural environments. As a test site, the Salinelle mud volcanoes area, located close to the city of Paternò (Sicily), was selected. This area is characterized by gas exhalations through water/mud vents. Detailed morpho-structural information, GIS thematic maps and geochemail signature of the released gas were quickly retrieved. This study showed that by integrating and harmonizing many disciplines of geosciences it is possible to get a comprehensive geological model of the studied area. Results, showed the accurate detection of structural setting of such an area and the opportunuty to monitor the spatial/temporal evolution of water/mud vents. The proposed approach allowed to expand the use of each single technique beyond its traditional applications and to make it a potential tool for many fields of geoscience.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5V. Dinamica dei processi eruttivi e post-eruttivi
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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