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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 30 (1987), S. 331-336 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Experimental results of the nonlinear growth of perturbations on a shocked interface between liquids having a density ratio of 10 are reported. After the shock passes from the higher-density liquid into the lower-density liquid, spikes of the higher-density liquid are observed to grow into the other liquid without producing severe turbulence. The measured growth is compared with analytical estimates. The time-resolved shadowgraphs provide excellent data for testing hydrodynamics models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 6 (1994), S. 3510-3512 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Previous observations of three flow patterns generated by shock acceleration of a thin perturbed, fluid layer are now correlated with asymmetries in the initial conditions. Using a different diagnostic (planar laser Rayleigh scattering) than the previous experiments, upstream mushrooms, downstream mushrooms, and sinuous patterns are still observed. For each experiment the initial perturbation amplitude on one side of the layer can either be larger, smaller, or the same as the amplitude on the other side, as observed with two images per experiment, and these differences lead to the formation of the different patterns.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of medicinal chemistry 22 (1979), S. 1096-1100 
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 3 (1979), S. 321-327 
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Plusieurs drogues sont utilisées dans la chimiothérapie du mélanome au stade avancé. Le DTIC est le plus fréquemment employé; utilisé seul, il donne quelques 20% de réponses favorables. Les études sur les nitrosurées ont donné entre 6 et 41% de réponses positives, avec une moyenne de 24%. L'association de ces deux types de drogues, ou d'autres, n'a, jusqu'à présent, pas amélioré les résultats. Mais plusieurs travaux associant chimio- et immunothérapie ont obtenu quelques 28% de réponses favorables, soit un peu mieux que la chimiothérapie seule.
    Notes: Abstract A number of drugs are being used in chemotherapy treatment programs of advanced melanoma. Of these, DTIC is the most important drug currently in use, producing a response rate of about 20% when used as a single agent. Studies with nitrosoureas report response rates ranging from 6 to 41%, with an average of 24%. Combinations of these 2 agents and other drugs have not yet shown a significant improvement in response over either drug used alone. However, several studies of chemo-immunotherapy have reported overall response rates in the vicinity of 28%, somewhat higher than that obtained with chemotherapy alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Liposomal therapy ; Fibrosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have recently begun a phase II trial in patients with osteosarcoma who developed pulmonary metastases during adjuvant chemotherapy or who presented with pulmonary metastases that persisted despite chemotherapy. Eligible patients were rendered free of visible disease by surgery. Liposome-encapsulated muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine (MTP-PE, CGP 19835A lipid) (2 mg/m2) was infused twice weekly for 3 months. In five patients, a single tumor nodule recurred within 6 weeks after completion of therapy. These lesions were resected and submitted for pathological examination. Tissue specimens obtained after therapy were compared to those obtained before therapy. All the patients showed a histological change in the characteristics of the pulmonary tumors. In three patients, peripheral fibrosis surrounded the tumor and inflammatory cell infiltration and neovascularization were present. This is in contrast to central necrosis, with viable peripheral tumor cells and no inflammatory response observed in lesions resected following chemotherapy. In a fourth case, evidence of early fibrotic changes was found. This and the fifth case showed a change in malignant characteristics, from high grade before liposomal therapy to low grade after therapy. The present study provides evidence for a biological effect of liposomal MTP-PE.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 9 (1982), S. 22-25 
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Bleomycin pharmacokinetics were studied by radioimmunoassay in 11 patients who received 7–30 U intravenously (IV) and eight patients who received 4–30 U subcutaneously (SC). For patients who received IV bleomycin plasma disappearance was biphasic, with a mean initial half-life of 0.26 h and a terminal half-life of 2.3 h. Mean plasma drug clearance was 67.8 ml/min/m2 and the volume of distribution was 13.2 l/m2. Urinary excretion accounted for 63.9% of the drug in 24 h. After SC administration peak plasma levels occurred in 1.1 h, with a mean elimination half-life of 4.3 h. Mean plasma drug clearance was 60.5 ml/min/m2 and the volume of distribution was 19.2 l/m2. Bleomycin plasma clearance correlated well with serum creatinine (r2=0.72). Bleomycin has a rapid plasma elimination and urinary excretion. Bleomycin bioavailability after SC administration appears comparable to that seen after IV administration as determined by the areas under the plasma disappearance curves. Prolonged plasma levels are seen after SC injection, suggesting this route of administration can produce plasma concentrations comparable to those attained with continuous IV infusions.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A method involving the use of an energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer was developed for assaying total platinum concentrations in body fluids of patients treated with the antitumor drug cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II). Sample preparation by this procedure is simple, consisting in adding an internal standard (Zr) to 1 ml of biological fluid or tissue homogenate, pipetting 20 μl of the sample onto a Mylar sample holder, and drying. This produces a thin-film sample, which effectively eliminates absorption enhancement effects due to other elements in the specimen. Standard addition studies were found to be linear in the concentration range of interest (0.1–10.0 μg/ml), with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.99. Minimum detection limits range from 0.10 to 0.25 μg Pt per ml, depending on the body fluid, which is adequate for routine patient monitoring after normal chemotherapeutic doses of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II). In preliminary studies with mammalian liver, standard addition experiments were found to be linear and the minimum detection limit was found to be 1.4 μg/g dry weight.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Concentrations of AMSA were determined by HPLC in autopsy tissue samples from five patients who had received the drug antemortem. Relative organ concentrations of AMSA varied from patient to patient; however, concentrations were generally highest in gallbladder, liver, and kidney, while low levels were generally but not invariably found in lung, testicle, muscle, fat, spleen, bladder, pancreas, colon, prostate, and brain. One patient with ventricular fibrillation and seizures had high tissue AMSA concentrations in myocardium, but low concentrations in brain. Another patient with seizures during treatment had high brain concentrations of AMSA. Relative organ concentrations were similar to those found in mice, except that mice have high AMSA concentration in their spleens whereas our patients did not, even when the spleen was infiltrated with leukemic cells. High tissue concentrations of AMSA were still present 2 weeks after treatment. AMSA concentration was lower in a renal oncocytoma (1.1 μg/g) than in surrounding kidney (2.4 μg/g).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ten patients with disseminated adenocarcinoma were treated with combination chemotherapy employing Adriamycin and Baker's Antifolate (BAF). There were seven patients with lung adenocarcinoma, two of whom achieved partial remission while the remaining five had their disease stabilized. Drug toxicity to the bone marrow, gastrointestinal mucosa, and skin was dose-limiting and was greater than the known toxicities of the individual drugs. Pharmacological studies of both drugs were performed on five patients to determine whether abnormal pharmacokinetics could explain this collateral toxicity. Adriamycin plasma concentrations and disappearance seemed to be unaffected by BAF. However, BAF levels were prolonged, apparently due to an Adriamycin effect on the plasma elimination of BAF, resulting in a prolonged exposure of sensitive tissues and organs to BAF. Consequently, when BAF and Adriamycin are used in combination, appropriate dose and schedule changes must be made to avoid any potentially serious side effects.
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