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  • 2010-2014  (13)
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  • 1
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    Last interglacial (MIS 5e) surface circulation in the North Atlantic and Nordic seas, based on dinoflagellate cysts (2011)
    In:  [Talk] In: XVIII. INQUA-Congress, Quaternary Sciences – The View From The Mountains, 25.07.2011, Bern, Switzerland .
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-23
    Description: Sediments from the last interglacial (MIS 5e) were studied for their dinoflagellate cyst (dinocyst) content from cores across the North Atlantic and Nordic seas, in order to trace changes in the interaction between the warm water masses of the northward flowing Gulf Stream/North Atlantic Drift current system and the cold water masses of the East Greenland/Labrador Current. Supported by stable isotope, IRD and planktic foraminiferal data, the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the dinocyst assemblages illustrates the stepwise development of interglacial conditions from late MIS 6 and Termination II towards a MIS 5e optimum and back to the colder MIS 5d stadial. It is shown that the development of the MIS 5e optimum occurred only late during MIS 5e in the eastern Nordic seas, as a consequence of a delayed intensification of the northernmost limb of the Gulf Stream/North Atlantic Drift. While prolonged deglacial processes presumably had hindered this northward protrusion of warm surface waters during early MIS 5e, its intensification during late MIS 5e in turn caused a reorganisation of the cold surface current system.
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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    OceanRep: Talk
  • 2
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    The last interglacial in the northern North Atlantic and adjacent areas: evidence for a more zonal climate than during the Holocene (2011)
    Copernicus Publ.
    In:  [Talk] In: EGU General Assembly 2011, 07.04.2011, Vienna, Austria ; p. 2764 .
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-07-06
    Description: We document climate conditions from the last interglacial optimum (LIO) or marine isotope stage 5e (MIS 5e) from terrestrial and oceanic sedimentary archives. Terrestrial climate conditions are reconstructed from pollen assemblages, whereas sea-surface temperature and salinity conditions are estimated from dinocyst assemblages and foraminiferal data (both assemblages and stable isotope composition of carbonate shells). LIO data from the eastern Canadian Arctic and northern Labrador Sea led to reconstruct much higher summer air temperature and seasurface temperature than at present by about 5°C. Data from southeastern Canada and southern Labrador Sea also suggest more thermophilic vegetation and warmer conditions although the contrast between LIO and the Holocene is of lesser amplitude. On the whole, the terrestrial and marine data sets from the northwest North Atlantic and adjacent lands suggest limited influence of southward flow from Arctic waters through the east Greenland and Labrador Currents as compared to the modern situation. The compilation of sea-surface reconstructions from the northwest and northeast North Atlantic indicate much reduced longitudinal contrasts of temperatures than at present, thus a more zonal pattern of circulation. The reconstructions also indicate a lower sea-surface salinity than at present, thus stronger stratification of upper water masses, which would be compatible with a reduced North Atlantic deep-water formation.
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Talk
  • 3
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    Holocene versus last interglacial (MIS 5e) surface ocean conditions in the Nordic seas and northern North Atlantic (2011)
    In:  [Talk] In: 9th International Conference on Modern and Fossil Dinoflagellates, DINO9, 30.08.2011, Liverpool, Great Britain .
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-23
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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    OceanRep: Talk
  • 4
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    A dinoflagellate cyst perspective on the surface circulation in the North Atlantic and Nordic seas during the Last Interglacial (MIS 5e) (2011)
    Centre de Villégiature Jouvence
    In:  [Talk] In: GEOTOP Annual Meeting, 06.02.2011, Orford, Quebec, Canada . Congrès annuel du GEOTOP = GEOTOP annual meeting : 4 au 6 février 2011 ; p. 67 .
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-23
    Description: When looking for possible scenarios of future climate development, the last interglacial is a suitable candidate. This warm interval, know as Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 5e in marine sediments, lasted from ~130 000 to ~115 000 years ago, and is assumed to have been characterised by Holocene-like climatic boundary conditions. The northern North Atlantic and Nordic (Greenland, Iceland and Norwegian) seas are key areas in this context: the warm water masses that are advected into the region through the northward flowing Gulf Stream/North Atlantic Drift surface current system interact with the southward flowing polar water masses of the East Greenland/Labrador Current, and they are among the few regions were overturning and deep-water formation occurs. Changes in the sea-surface conditions in this area can therefore steer climate by influencing the Meridional Overturning Circulation, and the feedbacks this has on the atmospheric circulation. The goal of the project is to reconstruct the sea surface conditions in the northern North Atlantic and Nordic seas during MIS 5e in order to trace changes in the interaction between the warm water masses of the Gulf Stream/North Atlantic Drift current system and the cold water masses of the East Greenland/Labrador Current. This will be done by qualitative and quantitative analysis of dinoflagellate cyst assemblages, algal remains with a proven potential for paleoclimate reconstructions, in sediments from key localities across the North Atlantic and Nordic seas.
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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    OceanRep: Talk
  • 5
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    Evidence for delayed poleward expansion of North Atlantic surface waters during the last interglacial (MIS 5e) (2011)
    Elsevier
    In:  Quaternary Science Reviews, 30 (7-8). pp. 934-946.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-16
    Description: The Last Interglacial (Marine Isotopic Stage or MIS 5e) surface ocean heat flux from the Rockall Basin (NE Atlantic) towards the Arctic Ocean was reconstructed by analysing dinoflagellate cyst (dinocyst) assemblages in four sediment cores. Together with records of stable isotopes and ice-rafted detritus, the assemblage data reflect the northward retreat of ice(berg)-laden waters and the gradual development towards interglacial conditions at the transition from the Saalian deglaciation (Termination II) into MIS 5e. At the Rockall Basin, this onset of the Last Interglacial is soon followed by the appearance of the thermophilic dinocyst species Spiniferites mirabilis, with relative abundances higher than those observed at present in the area. North of the Iceland-Scotland Ridge, however, S. mirabilis only appears in significant numbers during late MIS 5e, between not, vert, similar118 and 116.5 ka. Hence, fully marine Last Interglacial conditions with most intense Atlantic surface water influence occurred during late MIS 5e in the Nordic seas, and consequently also farther north in the Arctic Ocean, and at times when northern hemisphere summer insolation was already significantly decreased. The stratigraphic position of this Late Interglacial optimum is supported by planktic foraminifers and contrasts with the timing of the early Holocene climatic optimum in this area. We interpret the delayed northward expansion of Atlantic waters towards the polar latitudes as a result of the Saalian ice sheet deglaciation and its specific impact on the subsequent water mass evolution in this region.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.01.013
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    European climate optimum and enhanced Greenland melt during the Last Interglacial (2012)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-07-01
    Description: The Last Interglacial climatic optimum, ca. 128 ka, is the most recent climate interval significantly warmer than present, providing an analogue (albeit imperfect) for ongoing global warming and the effects of Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS) melting on climate over the coming millennium. While some climate models predict an Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) strengthening in response to GIS melting, others simulate weakening, leading to cooling in Europe. Here, we present evidence from new proxy-based paleoclimate and ocean circulation reconstructions that show that the strongest warming in western Europe coincided with maximum GIS meltwater runoff and a weaker AMOC early in the Last Interglacial. By performing a series of climate model sensitivity experiments, including enhanced GIS melting, we were able to simulate this configuration of the Last Interglacial climate system and infer information on AMOC slowdown and related climate effects. These experiments suggest that GIS melt inhibited deep convection off the southern coast of Greenland, cooling local climate and reducing AMOC by ∼24% of its present strength. However, GIS melt did not perturb overturning in the Nordic Seas, leaving heat transport to, and thereby temperatures in, Europe unaffected.
    Print ISSN: 0091-7613
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2682
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 7
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    Paleosalinities (10-35 ka BP) from the Celtic Margin (Bay of Biscay) (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 8
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    Planktonic foraminifera and microfossil composition of IODP Hole 302-M0004C (2011)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Eynaud, Frédérique (2011): Planktonic foraminifera in the Arctic: a paleoceanographic view. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 14, 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/14/1/012005
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Description: Calcareous microfossils are widely used by paleoceanographers to investigate past sea-surface hydrology. Among these microfossils, planktonic foraminifera are probably the most extensively used tool (e.g. [1] for a review), as they are easy to extract from the sediment and can also be used for coupled geochemical (e.g; d18O, d13C, Mg/Ca) and paleo-ecological investigations. Planktonic foraminifera are marine protists, which build a calcareous shell made of several chambers which reflect in their chemistry the properties of the ambient water-masses. Planktonic foraminifera are known to thrive in various habitats, distributed not only along a latitudinal gradient, but also along different water-depth intervals within surface waters (0-1000 m). Regarding their biogeographical distribution, planktonic foraminifera assemblages therefore mirror different water-masses properties, such as temperature, salinity and nutrient content of the surface water in which they live. The investigation of the specific composition of a fossil assemblage (relative abundances) is therefore a way to empirically obtain (paleo)information on past variations of sea-surface hydrological parameters. This paper focuses on the planktonic foraminifera record from the Arctic domain. This polar region records peculiar sea-surface conditions, with the influence of nearly perennial sea-ice cover development. This has strong impact on living foraminifera populations and on the preservation of their shells in the underlying sediments.
    Keywords: 302-M0004C; ACEX-M4C; AGE; Arctic Coring Expedition, ACEX; Arctic Ocean; CCGS Captain Molly Kool (Vidar Viking); Comment; Comment 2 (continued); Counting 〉125 µm fraction; Depth, composite; Depth, composite top; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dry mass; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Echinoidea, spines; Exp302; Foraminifera, benthic; Foraminifera, planktic; Foraminifera, planktic, other; Globigerina bulloides; Globigerina quinqueloba; Grain size, sieving; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; Intercore correlation; IODP; Morphotypes number; Neogloboquadrina atlantica; Neogloboquadrina pachyderma; Neogloboquadrina pachyderma dextral; Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral; Pteropoda; Ratio; Sample code/label; Size fraction 〉 0.125 mm; Size fraction 〉 0.400 mm; Split; Volume; Wet mass
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3709 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Various paleoclimate proxy parameters compiled within the MARGO project (2011)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-25
    Description: This datasets includes paleoclimate proxy parameters compiled within the MARGO project.
    Keywords: LIT; Literary studies; MARGO; MARGO_0000; Multiproxy Approach for the Reconstruction of the Glacial Ocean surface
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 7 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    Counts of radiolarians at Hole C9001C (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Matsuzaki, Kenji M; Nishi, Hiroshi; Suzuki, Noritoshi; Cortese, Giuseppe; Eynaud, Frédérique; Takashima, Reishi; Kawate, Yumiko; Sakai, Toyusaburo (2014): Paleoceanographic history of the Northwest Pacific Ocean over the past 740kyr, discerned from radiolarian fauna. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 396, 26-40, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.12.036
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The Northwest Pacific Ocean is characterized by a strong mixing of water masses, due to the interplay of three distinct currents, i.e., the Kuroshio, the Tsugaru, and the Oyashio. The C9001C drill core site, located east of the Shimokita Peninsula and directly influenced by the Tsugaru warm current and the Oyashio subarctic current was used here to reconstruct the paleoceanographical history of this region, especially focusing on the Mid-Brunhes Event (MBE) and its consequences. This core provides a continuous record from marine isotope stage (MIS) 18 (740 ka) to the present. Polycystine radiolarian assemblages were analyzed to highlight paleoceanographic and sea surface temperature changes at this site. Based on the radiolarian fauna, seven time periods are defined, which coincide with changes in the dynamics of the Tsugaru and Oyashio currents, respectively. The oldest time interval covered by our analysis (i.e., VII: 740-621 ka) was marked by generally sluggish ocean circulation. The Tsugaru Current influence increased during the following Interval VI (621-478 ka) which encompasses interglacials MIS 15 and 13, while the Oyashio Current strengthened during the Interval V (478-337), i.e. from glacials MIS 12 to 10. These latter intervals (VI to V) constitute a long climatic transitional period where Tsugaru Current and Oyashio Current influences are strengthened. In the time period from Interval IV to Interval I (0-337 ka), the warming intensity of interglacials (MIS 9, MIS 5) appears to be close to the modern one. However, several unusually warm glacials, associated with a relatively strong Tsugaru Current flow, were identified during this interval (e.g., MIS 8 and MIS 6). Radiolarian productivity data suggest that during Intervals VII to V, deep water masses are rich in nutrient content. However, a high vertical mixing event is recorded after Interval IV, when high nutrient concentrations appear to shift to the surface layer.
    Keywords: Acanthodesmia vinculata; Actinomma boreale; Actinomma leptodermum; Amphirhopalum virchowii; Amphisphaera spumacea; Amphisphaera tanzhiyuani; Archiperidium spp.; Axoprunum acquilonium; Bortyostrobus seriatus; Botryocampe inflata; Botryopera cf. chlamida; Botryostrobus aquilonaris; C9001C; Carpocanistrum spp.; Cenosphaera sp.; Ceratocyrtis aff. mashae; Ceratocyrtis spinosiretis; Ceratospyris borealis; Ceratospyris problematica; Cinclopyramis murrayana; Cladoccocus dentata; Cladococcus bifurcus; Cycladophora bicornis; Cycladophora davisiana; Cyrtidosphaera reticulata; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dictyocoryne muelleri; Dictyocoryne profunda; Dictyocoryne truncatum; Didymocyrtis tetrathalamus; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Eucecryphalus cervus; Eucecryphalus sp.; Eucyrtidium acuminatum; Eucyrtidium frohlichi; Flustrella cf. camerina; Flustrella polygonia; Gondwanaria dogieli; Haliomma miocenica; Heliodiscus cf. tunicatus; Hexacontium pachydermum; Lamprocyclas maritalis; Lamprocyrtis sp.; Lamprotripus sp.; Larcopyle buetschlii; Larcopyle cervicone; Larcopyle spp.; Larcopyle weddellium; Lipmanella irregulare; Lithelius haeckelispiralis; Lithelius nautiloides; Lithopera bacca; Lochnosphaera boreale; Lychnocanoma sakaii; Northwestern Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Phorticium polycladum; Phorticium pylonium; Plagiacantha panarium; Polysolenia spinosa; Pseudodictyophimus gracilipes; Pterocanium korotnevi; Pterocanium praetextum; Pterocorys clausus; Pylodiscus triangularis; Radiolarians, other; Rizosphaera medianum; Sample code/label; Schizodiscus biconcavus; Schizodiscus japonicus; Schizodiscus sp.; Schizodiscus stylotrochoides; Siphonosphaera paraphoros; Siphonosphaera socialis; Sphaeropyle langii; Spongaster tetras irregularis; Spongaster tetras tetras; Spongodiscus resurgens; Spongoliva ellipsoides; Spongopyle osculosa; Spongosphaera boreale; Spongosphaera streptacantha; Spongotrochus helioides; Spongurus cylindricus; Stylochlamydium perichlamydium; Stylochlamydium venustrum; Stylodictya aculeata; Stylodictya validispina; Stylosphaera pyriformis; Tetrapyle octacantha group; Thaecosphaera aequora; Theocorythium trachelium; Tholomura polystyla; Zygocircus cf. piscicaudatus
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 14507 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
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