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  • 1
    In: Quaternary research, Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1970, 68(2007), Seite 445-455, 0033-5894
    In: volume:68
    In: year:2007
    In: pages:445-455
    Type of Medium: Article
    ISSN: 0033-5894
    Language: English
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  • 2
    In: Quaternary research, Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1970, 68(2007), Seite 445-455, 0033-5894
    In: volume:68
    In: year:2007
    In: pages:445-455
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-5894
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Highlights • Climate progression in the Balearic basin is examined between 140 and 100 ka. • A number of MIS 5e intra-interglacial cooling events is recognized. • MIS 5e climate phasing in the Western Mediterranean resembles the one in the Nordic Seas. • Foraminiferal abundances are strongly tied to a water circulation regime. • The timing of ORL deposition during MIS 5e resembles that of during the Holocene. Abstract A multiproxy analysis based on planktic foraminiferal abundances, derived SSTs, and stable planktic isotopes measurements together with alkenone abundances and Uk′37 SSTs was performed on late MIS 6 to early MIS 5d sediment recovered from Site 975 (ODP Leg 161) in the South Balearic Islands Basin (Western Mediterranean) with emphasis on reconstructing the climate progression of the last interglacial period. A number of abrupt climate changes related to alternative influence of nutrient rich northern and oligotrophic southern water masses was revealed. Heinrich event 11 and cooling events C27, C26, C25, C24, and C23, which have been previously described in the North Atlantic, were recognized. However, in comparison to the eastern North Atlantic mid-latitude region, events C27 and C26 at Site 975 seem to be significantly more pronounced. Together with evidence of a two-phase climate optimum with maximum SSTs reached during its later phase, this implies a close similarity in climate dynamics between the Western Mediterranean and the Nordic seas. We propose that postglacial effects in the Nordic seas had an influence on the western Mediterranean climate via atmospheric circulation and that these effects competed with the insolation force.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2017-04-12
    Description: The deep and surface water paleoceanographic evolution of the central Nordic Seas over the last 20 thousand years was reconstructed using various micropaleontological, isotopic and lithological proxy data. These show a high spatial and temporal complexity of the oceanic circulation when compared with other records from the region. During early deglaciation a collapse of ice sheets surrounding the Nordic Seas released large amounts of freshwater that affected both the surface and bottom water circulation and significantly contributed to Heinrich stadial 1. During the Younger Dryas, the central Nordic Seas were affected by a last major freshwater plume which probably originated from the Arctic Ocean. When major ice rafting had ceased around 11ka subsurface temperatures started to rise. However, Atlantic Water advection and subsurface temperatures reached their maximum in the central Nordic Seas later than along the eastern continental margin. That spatio-temporal offset is explained by a gradual re-routing and westward expansion of the Atlantic Water flow during times when the Greenland Sea gyre system became more steadily established. In the Greenland Basin, the Holocene thermal maximum ended c. 5.5ka, and time-coeveal with an increase in sea-ice export from the Arctic. In the Lofoten Basin the cooling occurred later, after 4ka, and together with a weakening of the overturning processes. The Neoglacial cooling was reached c. 3ka, together with low solar irradiance, expanding sea ice and a slight decrease in deep convection. At c. 2ka subsurface temperatures began to rise again due to an increasing influence of Atlantic Waters.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2016-06-03
    Description: Changes in North Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) are regarded as a key element of the climate during the Quaternary. However, there are relatively few long-term records providing quantitative SST estimates from this region. Using planktic foraminiferal-derived SSTs together with changes on species level and iceberg-rafted debris, the last 500 ka were studied. Pronounced SST changes, as determined from the last glacial–interglacial cycle, characterize most colder periods. Peak interglacial temperatures were found for marine isotope stages (MIS) 1, 5e and 11, the latter two being the warmest. The warm substages within MIS 7 and 9 are marked by enhanced dissimilarity coefficients, indicating that SSTs obtained for these times appear to be overestimated. This is corroborated by differences within the species assemblage, which show enhanced cold water components. It is therefore concluded that detailed analysis down to species level is a crucial prerequisite to better reconstructions of SST.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: A sediment core from the West Spitsbergen continental margin was studied to reconstruct climate and paleoceanographic variability during the last ~9 ka in the eastern Fram Strait. Our multiproxy evidence suggests that the establishment of the modern oceanographic configuration in the eastern Fram Strait occurred stepwise, in response to the postglacial sea-level rise and the related onset of modern sea-ice production on the shallow Siberian shelves. The late Early and Mid Holocene interval (9 to 5 ka) was generally characterized by relatively unstable conditions. High abundance of the subpolar planktic foraminifer species Turborotalita quinqueloba implies strong intensity of Atlantic Water (AW) inflow with high productivity and/or high AW temperatures, resulting in a strong heat flux to the Arctic. A series of short-lived cooling events (8.2, 6.9. and 6.1 ka) occurred superimposed on the warm late Early and Mid Holocene conditions. Our proxy data imply that simultaneous to the complete postglacial flooding of Arctic shallow shelves and the initiation of modern sea-ice production, strong advance of polar waters initiated modern oceanographic conditions in the eastern Fram Strait at ~5.2 ka. The Late Holocene was marked by the dominance of the polar planktic foraminifer species Neogloboquadrina pachyderma, a significant expansion of sea ice/icebergs, and strong stratification of the water column. Although planktic foraminiferal assemblages as well as sea surface and subsurface temperatures suggest a return of slightly strengthened advection of subsurface Atlantic Water after 3 ka, a relatively stable cold-water layer prevailed at the sea surface and the study site was probably located within the seasonally fluctuating marginal ice zone during the Neoglacial period.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2017-03-06
    Description: The role of millennial scale climate variability in supplementing the astronomical forcing of glacial-interglacial transitions remains a major unresolved question. Here we compare the occurrence and character of "terminal" ice rafting events in both the North and South Atlantic during the last deglaciation (Termination I, TI) and during the transition between Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 12 and 11 (or Termination V. TV). We show that TV experienced a massive terminal ice rafting event in the North Atlantic that was more intense and longer lasting than Heinrich event 1 (H1) of the last deglaciation. This massive ice rafting event was linked to cold stadial conditions and reduced deep water formation in the North Atlantic, in parallel with warming at high southern latitudes, similar to the bipolar seesaw pattern exhibited during H1 over the last deglaciation. We propose that the particular intensity and duration of the TV ice rafting event resulted from the especially large volume of Northern Hemisphere ice sheets during MIS12. In turn, the unusually long duration and large amplitude of TV likely resulted from the exceptionally prolonged collapse of the AMOC during the TV Heinrich stadia], and from a subsequent transient AMOC "overshoot" with respect to later MIS11 interglacial circulation. Furthermore, we suggest that the intense Heinrich stadial of TV contributed to the deglaciation primarily via meridional heat transport anomalies that would have enhanced the incipient warming arising from relatively weak insolation forcing, and only secondarily via CO2 release
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Temporal and spatial patterns in eastern North Atlantic sea-surface temperatures (SST) were reconstructed for marine isotope stage (MIS) 11c using a submeridional transect of five sediment cores. The SST reconstructions are based on planktic foraminiferal abundances and alkenone indices, and are supported by benthic and planktic stable isotope measurements, as well as by ice-rafted debris content in polar and middle latitudes. Additionally, the larger-scale dynamics of the precipitation regime over northern Africa and the western Mediterranean region was evaluated from iron concentrations in marine sediments off NW Africa and planktic δ13C in combination with analysis of planktic foraminiferal abundances down to the species level in the Mediterranean Sea. Compared to the modern situation, it is revealed that during entire MIS 11c sensu stricto (ss), i.e., between 420 and 398 ka according to our age models, a cold SST anomaly in the Nordic seas co-existed with a warm SST anomaly in the middle latitudes and the subtropics, resulting in steeper meridional SST gradients than during the Holocene. Such a SST pattern correlates well with a prevalence of a negative mode of the modern North Atlantic Oscillation. We suggest that our scenario might partly explain the longer duration of wet conditions in the northern Africa during MIS 11c compared to the Holocene.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2016-09-16
    Description: Arctic paleoceanography and sea-ice history were reconstructed from epipelagic and benthic ostracodes from a sediment core (HLY0503-06JPC, 800 m water depth) located on the Mendeleev Ridge, Western Arctic Ocean. The calcareous microfaunal record (ostracodes and foraminifers) covers several glacial/interglacial cycles back to estimated Marine Isotope Stage 13 (MIS 13, ∼500 ka) with an average sedimentation rate of ∼0.5 cm/ka for most of the stratigraphy (MIS 5–13). Results based on ostracode assemblages and an unusual planktic foraminiferal assemblage in MIS 11 dominated by a temperate-water species Turborotalita egelida show that extreme interglacial warmth, high surface ocean productivity, and possibly open ocean convection characterized MIS 11 and MIS 13 (∼400 and 500 ka, respectively). A major shift in western Arctic Ocean environments toward perennial sea ice occurred after MIS 11 based on the distribution of an ice-dwelling ostracode Acetabulastoma arcticum. Spectral analyses of the ostracode assemblages indicate sea ice and mid-depth ocean circulation in western Arctic Ocean varied primarily at precessional (∼22 ka) and obliquity (∼40 ka) frequencies.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2016-09-19
    Description: Planktic foraminiferal census data, faunal sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and oxygen isotopic and lithic records from a site in the northeast Atlantic were analyzed to study the interglacial dynamics of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 11, a period thought to closely resemble the Holocene on the basis of orbital forcing. Interglacial conditions during MIS 11 persisted for approximately 26 ka. After the main deglacial meltwater processes ceased, a 10- to 12-ka-long transitional period marked by significant water mass circulation changes occurred before surface waters finally reached their thermal maximum. This SST peak occurred between 400 and 397 ka, inferred from the abundance of the most thermophilic foraminiferal species and was coincident with lowest sea level according to benthic isotope values. The ensuing stepwise SST decrease characterizes the overall climate deterioration preceding the increase in global ice volume by ∼ 3 ka. This cooling trend was followed by a more pronounced cold event that began at 388 ka, and that terminated in the recurrence of icebergs at the site around 382 ka. Because the water mass configuration of early MIS 11 evolved quite differently from that of the early Holocene, there is little evidence that MIS 11 can serve as an appropriate analogue for a future Holocene climate, despite the similarity in some orbital parameters.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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