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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    UV effects that come and go: a global comparison of marine benthic community level impacts (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Global change biology 10 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: Ambient UV radiation has substantially increased during the last decades, but its impact on marine benthic communities is hardly known. The aim of this study was to globally compare and quantify how shallow hard-bottom communities are affected by UV during early succession. Identical field experiments in 10 different coastal regions of both hemispheres produced a consistent but unexpected pattern: (i) UV radiation affected species diversity and community biomass in a very similar manner, (ii) diversity and biomass were reduced to a larger extent by UVA than UVB radiation, (iii) ambient UV levels did not affect the composition of the communities, and (iv) any UV effects disappeared during species succession after 2–3 months. Thus, current levels of UV radiation seem to have small, predictable, and transient effects on shallow marine hard-bottom communities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00872.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Associational resistance and shared doom: effects of epibiosis on herbivory (1995)
    Springer
    Oecologia 102 (1995), S. 329-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Fouling ; Epibiosis ; Host-epibiont-herbivore interactions ; Plant-hervivore interactions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The potential for spatial associations between palatable and unpalatable plant species to reduce herbivore pressure on the palatable species has been described as associational resistance, associational refuge or associational defense for numerous terrestrial and marine communities. One of the closest associations between species-epibiosis-has not been thoroughly investigated in this regard. In this study we evaluated how different associations between host seaweeds and epibiotic plants and animals influenced the movement of an omnivorous sea urchin (Arbacia punctulata) to the host and subsequent feeding on the host. A. punctulata showed clear preferences when given pairwise choices between 12 prey species (3 animals, 9 algae). These preferences were consistent and allowed us to rank the six epibiont species and six host species linearly from least to most preferred by A. punculata. Most host-epibiont associations dramatically changed urchin preference, increasing or decreasing urchin grazing on fouled hosts as compared to clean conspecifics. Herbivory on the host increased when the epibiont was more preferred, and decreased when it was less preferred than the unfouled host alga. Taking the host species as a point of reference, we classified epibiosis-caused decrease in herbivory as associational resistance, while epibiont-caused increases in herbivory were defined as shared doom. These epibiont-host-herbivore interactions could select for hosts that facilitate the growth of certain low preference epibionts on their surfaces in situations where the resulting decreases in herbivory would offset the various negative effects of being fouled. In contrast, in situations where herbivores are common, the negative effects of being fouled by palatable epibionts may be much greater than is generally assumed. In our assays, unpalatable hosts fouled by palatable epibionts became much more attractive to urchins and rose several ranks on the urchins' preference hierarchy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00329800
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The recolonization potential of Metridium senile in an area previously depopulated by oxygen deficiency (1985)
    Springer
    Oecologia 67 (1985), S. 255-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Every summer the deepest parts of the inner Flensburg fjord are subject to O2-deficiency lasting from a few weeks to several months. In spring, however, populations of Metridium senile can be found in these areas, in spite of the fact that frequently the local anoxic period of the previous summer has been 2–3 times longer than their anoxia LD50-value (3 wks). Responsible for this phenomenon is an intensive recolonization by adult Metridium during autumn and winter. This process has been investigated in an 8 months monitoring from May to December 1981. Results on the recolonization mechanism, the population structure of immigrating anemones and recolonization rate as a function of available hard substratum are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384295
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Marine epibiosis (1990)
    Springer
    Oecologia 82 (1990), S. 275-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Epibiosis ; Polysyncraton lacazei ; Ascidian ; Epibiotic parameters ; Antifouling potential index
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Polysyncraton lacazei is a colonial tunicate (family didemnidae) living in the NW-mediterranean rocky sublitoral. A thorough scanning of numerous colonies revealed that in spite of an apparently heavy local fouling pressure only one fouling species — a kamptozoan — is encountered with some regularity on Polysyncraton. We try to define the epibiotic situation of sessile marine organisms as composed of four epibiotic parameters: longevity or exposure time (A), epibiont load (E), colonizer pool (CP) and fouling-period (FP). Subsequently, these factors are combined to propose an “Antifouling Potential” index: AFP=(1−E/CP)×A/(FP+A). This index is intended to permit evaluating the relative antifouling defense potency to be expected in a given organism in a given epibiotic situation and to compare different cases of epibiosis and fouling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00323545
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The imidazoline derivative calmidazolium inhibits voltage-gated Ca2+-channels and insulin release but has no effect on the phospholipase C system in insulin producing RINm5F-cells (1994)
    Springer
    Bioscience reports 14 (1994), S. 145-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4935
    Keywords: calmidazolium ; calmodulin inhibitor ; RINm5F-cells ; Ca2+-channels ; insulin release
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The present study shows that the calmodulin antagonist calmidazolium inhibited influx of Ca2+ through voltage-gated Ca2+-channels in clonal insulin producing RINm5F-cells. The mechanism of inhibition may involve both Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinases and direct binding of calmidazolium to the Ca2+-channel. Calmidazolium did not affect uptake of Ca2+ into intracellular Ca2+-pools, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) formation or action on intracellular Ca2+-pools. The calmodulin inhibitor also did not affect glucose utilization or oxidation in RINm5F-cells, speaking against an unspecific toxic effect of the compound. KCl-and ATP-stimulated insulin release from RINm5F-cells was attenuated by calmidazolium, whereas basal hormone secretion was unaffected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01240247
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relevance of crustacean carapace wettability for fouling (2000)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 426 (2000), S. 193-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: crustaceans ; carapace ; biofouling ; surface wettability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Carapace wettability and density of fouling organisms (bacteria, diatoms, protozoa, fungi, macro-organisms) were investigated for 45 crustacean species (Hoplocarida, Decapoda) from 15 families in the Gulf of Thailand. The results show that crustaceans can create and maintain characteristic carapace wettabilities. About 21 species (47%) possess highly wettable carapaces with contact angles below 20°. Contact angles between 20° and 40° were recorded for four species (2%), angles between 40° and 60° for eight species (4%) and from 60° to 70° for 11 (24%) species. One species, Alpheus euphrosyne (Alpheidae, Decapoda), exhibited an extremely low surface wettability (contact angle: 91°). Densities of colonisers and contact angles did not correlate. Very low wettability by water (θ 〉 90°) may only contribute little to fouling reduction in A. euphrosyne which showed the most hydrophobic carapace surface and was colonised by the lowest numbers of bacteria among all species and no other colonisers at all. We conclude that surface wettability is of little relevance for antifouling defence in crustaceans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003918512565
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  • 7
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    Site map (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-01
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: image/png
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  • 8
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    Modelling nearshore coastal ecosystems requires implementation of benthic macroalgae (2018)
    In:  EPIC3Workshop on Coastal Ocean Modelling, Zentrum für Marine Wissenschaften ZMAW, Hamburg, 2018-02-22-2018-02-23ZMAW Hamburg
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-20
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 9
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    Effects of warming and acidification on a benthic community in the Baltic Sea - Kiel Benthocosms (2015)
    TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
    In:  EPIC3European Journal of Phycology, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 50, pp. 89-90, ISSN: 0967-0262
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-13
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 10
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    Seasonal variations of Fucus vesiculosus fertility under ocean acidification and warming in the western Baltic (2017)
    WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO
    In:  EPIC3Botanica Marina, WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO, 60(3), pp. 239-255
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-15
    Description: Ocean warming and acidification may substantially affect the reproduction of keystone species such as Fucus vesiculosus (Phaeophyceae). In four consecutive benthic mesocosm experiments, we compared the reproductive biology and quantified the temporal development of Baltic Sea Fucus fertility under the single and combined impact of elevated seawater temperature and pCO2 (1100 ppm). In an additional experiment, we investigated the impact of temperature (0–25°C) on the maturation of North Sea F. vesiculosus receptacles. A marked seasonal reproductive cycle of F. vesiculosus became apparent in the course of 1 year. The first appearance of receptacles on vegetative apices and the further development of immature receptacles of F. vesiculosus in autumn were unaffected by warming or elevated pCO2. During winter, elevated pCO2 in both ambient and warmed temperatures increased the proportion of mature receptacles significantly. In spring, warming and, to a lesser extent, elevated pCO2 accelerated the maturation of receptacles and advanced the release of gametes by up to 2 weeks. Likewise, in the laboratory, maturation and gamete release were accelerated at 15–25°C relative to colder temperatures. In summary, elevated pCO2 and/or warming do not influence receptacle appearance in autumn, but do accelerate the maturation process during spring, resulting in earlier gamete release. Temperature and, to a much lesser extent, pCO2 affect the temporal development of Fucus fertility. Thus, rising temperatures will mainly shift or disturb the phenology of F. vesiculosus in spring and summer, which may alter and/or hamper its ecological functions in shallow coastal ecosystems of the Baltic Sea.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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