Note: Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1 -- Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences -- Introduction -- Section I: Submarine Mass Movement Triggers, Mechanics and Geotechnical Properties -- Section II: Submarine Mass Movement Case Studies and Hazard Assessment -- Section III: Submarine Mass Movements in Margin Construction and Economic Significance -- Section IV: Submarine Mass Movements and Tsunamis -- Looking to the Future -- References -- Section I: Submarine Mass Movements: Triggers, Mechanics, and Geotechnical Properties -- Chapter 2 -- Interplay Between Gas Hydrates and Submarine Slope Failure -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background -- 3 Stress Changes in Hydrate Bearing Layers -- 3.1 Laboratory Investigations -- 3.2 Theoretical Predictions -- 3.3 Small Scale Physical Models -- 3.4 Discussion -- 4 Stability of Hydrate-Bearing Layers -- 4.1 Environmental Controls on Stability -- 4.2 Slope Stability Models -- 5 Field Observations -- 6 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 3 -- Advanced Dynamic Soil Testing-Introducing the New Marum Dynamic Triaxial Testing Device -- 1 Introduction -- 2 MARUM Dynamic Triaxial Testing Device -- 3 Performance Examples -- 4 Data Examples -- 4.1 Liquefaction of Sand -- 4.2 Cyclic Creep in Clays -- 5 Summary and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4 -- Clustering of Geotechnical Properties of Marine Sediments Through Self-Organizing Maps: An Example from the Zakynthos Canyon-Valley System, Greece -- 1 Introduction and Scope -- 2 Kohonen - Self Organising Maps -- 3 Source Data -- 4 Results of Clustering -- 5 Parameters Rating: Interaction Matrix Theory and Cause/Effect Plot -- 6 Discussion - Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5. , Identification of Shear Zones and Their Causal Mechanisms Using a Combination of Cone Penetration Tests and Seismic Data in the Eastern Niger Delta -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Morphostructure of the Study Area -- 3.2 Seismic Analysis -- 3.3 Sediment Core Analyses -- 3.4 In-situ Analyses -- 4 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 -- Mass Wasting Dynamics at the Deeper Slope of the Ligurian Margin (Southern France) -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Geological Background in the Study Area -- 2 Methods -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Geophysical Characterization -- 3.2 Western Landslide Complex -- 3.3 Eastern Landslide Complex -- 4 Discussion -- 4.1 Mechanical Behaviour of the Sediment -- 4.2 The Role of the Slope Angle to Determining Failure Type and Variability of Failure Events -- References -- Chapter 7 -- Characterization of Micaceous Sand for Investigation of a Subsea Mass Movement -- 1 Offshore Investigation -- 2 General Characteristics of Upper Sand -- 3 Interpretation of Relative Density -- 4 Laboratory Testing of Sand -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 8 -- Estimating Drag Forces on Suspended and Laid-on-Seafloor Pipelines Caused by Clay-Rich Submarine Debris Flow Impact -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experimental Program -- 2.1 Flume Experiments -- 2.2 Numerical Analyses -- 3 Method Developed to Estimate the Impact Drag Forces -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Appendix A - Theory for CFD Numerical Analysis -- Chapter 9 -- Experimental Investigation of Subaqueous Clay-Rich Debris Flows, Turbidity Generation and Sediment Deposition -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experimental Program -- 2.1 Rheology Experiments -- 2.2 Flume Experiments -- 3 Model Scaling to Prototype Situations -- 4 Experimental Results, Analysis and Discussion -- 4.1 Results of Rheology Tests -- 4.2 Results of the Sonar Observations. , 5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 10 -- The Kinematics of a Debris Avalanche on the Sumatra Margin -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Description of the Mass Failure -- 3 Kinematics Model -- 4 Model Parameter Estimates -- 5 Modeling Results and Discussion -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 11 -- 3D Numerical Modelling of Submerged and Coastal Landslide Propagation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Numerical Modelling of Landslide Propagation: State of the Art -- 3 Equivalent Fluid Equivalent Medium Approach by DAN3D: Theory and Example -- 4 The Cellular Automata Code SCIDDICA SS2: Theory and Example -- 5 A Comparative Analysis of Codes -- 6 Conclusions and Outlook -- References -- Chapter 12 -- Peculiar Morphologies of Subaqueous Landslide Deposits and Their Relationship to Flow Dynamics -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Horseshoe-Shaped deposits -- 2.1 Possible Emplacement Mechanisms of Horseshoe-Shaped Deposits -- 3 Oriented Blocks -- 4 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 13 -- Large Landslides on Passive Continental Margins: Processes, Hypotheses and Outstanding Questions -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Interpretation of Landslide Morphology -- 2.1 Characteristics of Bedding Plane Parallel Landslides -- 3 Failure Processes -- 3.1 Triggers and Preconditioning Factors -- 3.2 Pore Pressure -- 4 Models for Large Bedding Parallel Landslides -- 5 Outstanding Questions -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 14 -- Origin of Overpressure and Slope Failure in the Ursa Region, Northern Gulf of Mexico -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Ursa Region -- 3 Basin Modeling -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 15 -- History of Pore Pressure Build Up and Slope Instability in Mud-Dominated Sediments of Ursa Basin, Gulf of Mexico Continental Slope -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Methods -- 2 Results -- 3 Discussion -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 16. , How Does Fluid Inflow Geometry Control Slope Destabilization? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method and Model -- 2.1 Discrete Element Method -- 2.2 Fluid Coupling -- 2.3 Model Setup -- 2.4 Modeling Scheme and Measurements -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 17 -- Geochemical Evidence for Groundwater-Charging of Slope Sediments: The Nice Airport 1979 Landslide and Tsunami Revisited -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Previous Marine Expeditions -- 3 Methods -- 4 Results -- 5 Discussion -- References -- Chapter 18 -- Modeling Slope Instability as Shear Rupture Propagation in a Saturated Porous Medium -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Determining Pore Pressures at a Sliding Interface with Plastically Deforming Surroundings -- 3 Finite Element Model of a Dynamic Subsurface Rupture -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Section II: Submarine Mass Movements: Case Studies and Hazard Assessment -- Chapter 19 -- Submarine Mass Transport Within Monterey Canyon: Benthic Disturbance Controls on the Distribution of Chemosynthetic Biological Communities -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Mass Transport Events in Monterey Canyon -- 1.2 Chemosynthetic Biological Communities -- 1.3 Life Cycles of Organisms Within CBC -- 1.4 Distribution of CBC in Monterey Bay -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Sediment Cores: Axial Channel of Monterey Canyon and Fan -- 2.2 Seafloor Observations on the Distribution of CBC -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Event Deposits in Monterey Canyon and Fan Channel -- 3.2 ROV Observations of CBC Occurrence in Monterey Canyon and Fan -- 4 Discussion -- 4.1 Mechanisms to Supply CBC with Dissolved Hydrogen Sulfide -- 4.2 Frequency of Submarine Mass Wasting Disturbance and CBC Distribution -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 20 -- Multi-direction Flow in a Mass-Transport Deposit, Santos Basin, Offshore Brazil -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Geological Setting -- 3 Results. , 3.1 Structural Characteristics -- 3.2 Stratigraphic Characterization -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 21 -- Small-Scale Insights into Seismic-Scale Slumps:A Comparison of Slump Features from the Waitemata Basin, New Zealand, and the Møre Basin, Off-Shore Norway -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Dataset and Methodology -- 3 Geological Settings -- 4 Little Manly Slump Description -- 5 Slump W Description -- 6 Discussion -- 7 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 22 -- The Block Composite Submarine Landslide, Southern New England Slope, U.S.A.: A Morphological Analysis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Geomorphology of the Block Composite Slide Area -- 3.2 The Block Composite Slide -- 3.3 Morphology of Slopes and Strength -- 4 Discussion on Slopes, Strength, Triggering and Tsunamis -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 23 -- Post-Megaslide Slope Stability North of Svalbard, Arctic Ocean -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Indication for Slope Failure? -- 1.2 Research Area -- 1.3 Material and Methods -- 2 Results -- 3 Discussion -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 24 -- Geomorphology of the Talismán Slide (Western slope of Hatton Bank, NE Atlantic Ocean) -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Setting -- 1.2 Methodology -- 2 Results -- 2.1 Morphometrical Features -- 2.2 Seismic Features -- 2.3 Sedimentary Features -- 2.4 Other Slides -- 3 Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 25 -- Investigations on the Peach 4 Debrite, a Late Pleistocene Mass Movement on the Northwest British Continental Margin -- 1 Regional Setting and Sedimentation on the Barra Fan -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Geophysical Data and Model Construction -- 2.2 Sediment Samples -- 2.2.1 Particle Size Analysis -- 2.2.2 XRF Geochemical Analysis -- 3 Peach 4 Debrite Transport Processes and Age of Emplacement -- 3.1 Extent and Morphology of the Peach 4 Debite. , 3.2 Emplacement Age of the Peach 4 Debrite.

Note: Intro -- Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Part I: Physical Properties of Sediments and Slope Stability Assessment -- 1.3 Part II: Seafloor Geomorphology for Trigger Mechanisms and Landslide Dynamics -- 1.4 Part III: Role of Fluid Flow in Slope Instability -- 1.5 Part IV: Mechanics of Mass-Wasting in Subduction Margins -- 1.6 Part V: Post-failure Dynamics -- 1.7 Part VI: Landslide Generated Tsunamis -- 1.8 Part VII: Witnessing and Quasi-Witnessing of Slope Failures -- 1.9 Part VIII: Architecture of Mass Transport Deposits/Complexes -- 1.10 Part IX: Relevance of Natural Climate Change in Triggering Slope Failures -- 1.11 Future Perspectives -- References -- Part I: Physical Properties of Sediments and Slope Stability Assessment -- Chapter 2: Risk Assessment for Earthquake-Induced Submarine Slides -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Stability of Submarine Slopes Under Earthquake Loading -- 2.3 Factors Influencing Soil Strength Under Seismic Loading -- 2.3.1 Rapid Loss of Shear Strength and Liquefaction Phenomenon -- 2.3.2 Special Considerations for Clay Slopes Under Earthquake Loading -- 2.3.3 Effect of High-Frequency Cyclic Loading on Static Shear Strength -- 2.3.4 Effect of Cyclic Loading on Undrained Creep -- 2.4 Risk Assessment for Submarine Slides -- 2.4.1 Probabilistic Slope Stability Assessment -- 2.4.2 Estimation of Annual Probability of Slope Failure -- 2.4.3 Interpretation of Computed Static Failure Probability in a Bayesian Framework -- 2.5 Recommended Calculation Procedure -- 2.6 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Shallow Landslides and Their Dynamics in Coastal and Deepwater Environments, Norway -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Geological Setting -- 3.3 Data and Methods. , 3.4 Results - From Geomorphology to Soil Properties and Stability -- 3.4.1 Coastal Environment - Sørfjorden (Finneidfjord) -- 3.4.2 Intermediate Water Depths - Vesterålen Margin -- 3.4.3 Deepwater Setting - Lofoten Margin -- 3.5 Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4: Physical Properties and Age of Continental Slope Sediments Dredged from the Eastern Australian Continental Margin - Implications for Timing of Slope Failure -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Study Area -- 4.3 Results -- 4.3.1 Dredged Materials - Sedimentology and Geomechanical Properties -- 4.3.2 Palaeontology/Dating -- 4.3.3 Geomechanical Modeling -- 4.4 Discussion and a Hypothesis -- References -- Chapter 5: Submarine Landslides on the Upper Southeast Australian Passive Continental Margin - Preliminary Findings -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 Study Area -- 5.2 Data and Methods -- 5.2.1 Bathymetry and Slide Geometry -- 5.2.2 Sediment Properties -- 5.3 Results and Interpretation -- 5.3.1 Sediment Properties -- 5.3.2 14 C Radiocarbon Ages -- 5.4 Modeling -- 5.5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 6: Development and Potential Triggering Mechanisms for a Large Holocene Landslide in the Lower St. Lawrence Estuary -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.1.1 Objectives -- 6.2 Data and Methods -- 6.3 Morphology of the Betsiamites Slide Complex -- 6.4 Lithostratigraphy and Failure Surface -- 6.5 Movement Development -- 6.6 Triggering Mechanisms -- 6.7 Concluding Remarks and Future Work -- References -- Chapter 7: Spatially Fixed Initial Break Point and Fault-Rock Development in a Landslide Area -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Setting -- 7.3 Methods -- 7.3.1 Tilt and Groundwater Level Measurement -- 7.3.2 Core Analysis -- 7.3.3 Detailed Monitoring During Slipa -- 7.4 Results -- 7.4.1 Dilation and Slip -- 7.4.2 Core Analysis -- 7.5 Summary -- References. , Chapter 8: Pore Water Geochemistry as a Tool for Identifying and Dating Recent Mass-Transport Deposits -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Study Area -- 8.3 Material and Methods -- 8.4 Results and Discussion -- 8.4.1 Pore Water Profiles at Potential MTD Sites -- 8.4.2 Geochemical Transport/Reaction Modeling -- 8.5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9: An In-Situ Free-Fall Piezocone Penetrometer for Characterizing Soft and Sensitive Clays at Finneidfjord (Northern Norway) -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Setting -- 9.3 Material and Methods -- 9.4 Results -- 9.4.1 Comparison of FF-CPTU and Pushed CPTU Tests -- 9.4.2 Laboratory Analyses -- 9.4.3 Comparison of In-Situ and Laboratory Results -- 9.5 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: Static and Cyclic Shear Strength of Cohesive and Non-cohesive Sediments -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Methods -- 10.2.1 Research Approach -- 10.2.2 Sample Description -- 10.2.3 Testing Procedure -- 10.2.4 Data Acquisition and Analysis -- 10.3 Results and Discussion -- 10.3.1 Exemplary Cyclic Test Results -- 10.3.2 Generic Study -- 10.3.3 Case Study -- 10.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11: Upstream Migration of Knickpoints: Geotechnical Considerations -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Experimental Setup and Method -- 11.3 Results -- 11.4 Discussion -- 11.5 Conclusion -- References -- Part II: Seafloor Geomorphology for Trigger Mechanisms and Landslide Dynamics -- Chapter 12: A Reevaluation of the Munson-Nygren-Retriever Submarine Landslide Complex, Georges Bank Lower Slope, Western North Atlantic -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.1.1 Data -- 12.2 Results and Interpretations -- 12.2.1 Munson-Nygren Slide -- 12.2.2 Retriever Slide -- 12.2.3 Picket Slide -- 12.3 Age of Slope Failure -- References -- Chapter 13: Submarine Landslides in Arctic Sedimentation: Canada Basin -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.1.1 Regional Geology. , 13.1.2 Methods -- 13.2 Results -- 13.2.1 Canadian Archipelago Slope and Rise -- 13.2.2 MacKenzie-Beaufort Slope and Rise -- 13.3 Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 14: Extensive Erosion of the Deep Seafloor - Implications for the Behavior of Flows Resulting from Continental Slope Instability -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Areas of Erosion by Gravity Currents -- 14.3 Areas of Deposition from Gravity Currents -- 14.4 Discussion -- 14.5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 15: Investigations of Slides at the Upper Continental Slope Off Vesterålen, North Norway -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Database -- 15.3 Landforms and Geological Setting -- 15.4 Results -- 15.4.1 Morphological Features -- 15.4.2 Seismic Stratigraphy, Slides and Failure Planes -- 15.4.3 X-Ray Images, Core Logging and Soil Mechanical Testing -- 15.5 Discussion -- 15.6 Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 16: Dakar Slide Offshore Senegal, NW-Africa: Interaction of Stacked Giant Mass Wasting Events and Canyon Evolution -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.1.1 Structural Setting -- 16.1.2 Data -- 16.2 Results -- 16.2.1 Seismic Units and Stratigraphy -- 16.2.2 Dakar Slide -- 16.2.3 Older MTDs -- 16.2.4 Dakar Canyon -- 16.2.5 Sedimentary Ridges -- 16.3 Discussion -- 16.3.1 Dakar Slide: Age and Type of Failure -- 16.3.2 History of Mass Wasting Off Southern Senegal -- 16.3.3 Interaction Between Slope Failures and Canyons -- 16.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 17: Large-Scale Mass Wasting on the Northwest African Continental Margin: Some General Implications for Mass Wasting on Passive Continental Margins -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Results and Interpretations -- 17.2.1 Sahara Slide -- 17.2.2 Cap Blanc Slide -- 17.2.3 Mauritania Slide Complex -- 17.2.4 Dakar Slide -- 17.3 Discussion -- 17.3.1 Mass Wasting Off Northwest Africa: Where and Why?. , 17.3.2 Timing of Landslides and Geohazard Potential -- 17.4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 18: Deep-Seated Bedrock Landslides and Submarine Canyon Evolution in an Active Tectonic Margin: Cook Strait, New Zealand -- 18.1 Introduction -- 18.2 Data Sets and Methodology -- 18.3 Results -- 18.3.1 Submarine Canyon Morphology -- 18.3.2 Landslides -- 18.3.2.1 Morphological Characteristics -- 18.3.2.2 Distribution -- 18.4 Discussion and Conclusions -- 18.4.1 Nature of Landslides -- 18.4.2 Causes of Landslides -- 18.4.3 Spatial Distribution of Landslides -- 18.4.4 Role of Landslides in Canyon Evolution -- References -- Chapter 19: Polyphase Emplacement of a 30 km 3 Blocky Debris Avalanche and Its Role in Slope-Gully Development -- 19.1 Introduction -- 19.2 Tectonic and Sedimentary Setting -- 19.3 Data and Methods -- 19.4 Stratigraphic and Morphological Analyses -- 19.5 PDA Emplacement and Upper Slope Gully Development -- 19.6 Summary -- References -- Chapter 20: Slope Failure and Canyon Development Along the Northern South China Sea Margin -- 20.1 Introduction -- 20.2 Regional Setting -- 20.3 Data and Methods -- 20.4 Results -- 20.4.1 Canyon Morphology -- 20.4.2 Slope Failure Features -- 20.5 Discussion -- 20.5.1 Canyon Origin -- 20.5.2 Implications for Geohazard Risk -- References -- Chapter 21: Distinguishing Sediment Bedforms from Sediment Deformation in Prodeltas of the Mediterranean Sea -- 21.1 Introduction -- 21.1.1 Regional Setting -- 21.1.2 Methods -- 21.2 Results -- 21.2.1 Morphology of Undulated Prodeltas -- 21.2.2 Seismostratigraphy of Prodelta Undulations -- 21.2.3 Physical Properties of Prodelta Undulations -- 21.2.4 Sediment Transport Processes on Undulated Prodeltas -- 21.3 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 22: Hydroacoustic Analysis of Mass Wasting Deposits in Lake Ohrid (FYR Macedonia/Albania) -- 22.1 Introduction. , 22.2 Seismic Stratigraphy and Slide Bodies.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Part I Physical Properties of Sediments -- Chapter 1: Weak Layers: Their Definition and Classification from a Geotechnical Perspective -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Weak Layer Definition -- 1.3 Weak Layer Observations -- 1.4 Classification System from a Geotechnical Approach -- 1.5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 2: Field Measurements to Investigate Submerged Slope Failures -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Interpretation Methods of Field Measurements -- 2.2.1 Relative Density -- 2.2.2 State Parameter -- 2.3 Application on Test Locations -- 2.4 Discussion -- 2.5 Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- Chapter 3: Elemental Distribution and Microfabric Characterization Across a Buried Slump Scar: New Insights on the Long-Term Development and Reactivation of Scar Surfaces from a Microscopic Perspective -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Geological Setting -- 3.3 Investigation of Remineralization at the Unconformity -- 3.3.1 X-ray Computed Tomography (X-CT) -- 3.3.2 X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF) -- 3.3.3 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDX) -- 3.4 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Evidence for Mass Transport Deposits at the IODP JFAST-Site in the Japan Trench -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Background and Geological Setting -- 4.3 Material and Methods -- 4.3.1 Bathymetric Mapping -- 4.3.2 Sediment Core -- 4.3.2.1 Physical Properties -- 4.3.2.2 Pore-Water Analyses -- 4.4 Results -- 4.5 Discussion -- 4.5.1 Evidencing Mass Transport Deposits at the JFAST-Site -- 4.5.2 Estimating the Age of the MTD Formation -- 4.6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5: Preliminary Investigations of Rheological Properties of Busan Clays and Possible Implications for DebrisFlow Modelling -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Materials and Methods -- 5.3 Results. , 5.3.1 Rheological Behaviour of the Busan Clays -- 5.4 Discussion -- 5.5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 6: Utilizing Cone Penetration Tests for Landslide Evaluation -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Site Characterization -- 6.3 Methods -- 6.3.1 In-Situ CPT Measurements -- 6.3.2 Physical and Mechanical Properties -- 6.4 Results and Discussion -- 6.4.1 Static CPT -- 6.4.2 Vibratory CPT -- 6.4.3 Dissipation Test -- 6.4.4 Liquefaction Analysis with CLiq Software -- 6.5 Summary and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: Geomechanical Characterization of Submarine Volcano-Flank Sediments, Martinique, Lesser Antilles Arc -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Geomechanical Characterization -- 7.3 Results -- 7.3.1 Summary of Hole Stratigraphy -- 7.3.2 Consolidation State -- 7.3.3 Hydraulic Conductivity -- 7.4 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Part II Gas Hydrates and Role of Interstitial Fluids in Submarine Slope Failure -- Chapter 8: Interrelationship Between Sediment Fabric, Pore Volume Variations as Indicator for Pore Pressure Changes, and Sediment Shear Strength -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Method -- 8.3 Results -- 8.4 Discussion -- 8.4.1 Interplay: Sediment Strength and Pore Volume Changes -- 8.4.1.1 Effect of Grain Shape Complexity -- 8.4.2 Local Pore Volume Changes -- 8.5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9: Slope Instability of Glaciated Continental Margins: Constraints from Permeability-Compressibility Tests and Hydrogeological Modeling Off Storfjorden, NW Barents Sea -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Data and Methods -- 9.3 Results -- 9.4 Discussion -- 9.5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 10: Baiyun Slide and Its Relation to Fluid Migration in the Northern Slope of Southern China Sea -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Geological Setting -- 10.3 Data and Methods -- 10.4 Results -- 10.4.1 Morphology and Distribution of Baiyun Slide. , 10.4.2 Seismic Indications of Gas and Fluid Migration -- 10.4.2.1 Active Faults Related to Gas and Fluid Migration -- 10.4.2.2 Gas Chimneys -- 10.5 Discussion -- 10.5.1 Relationship Between Fluid Migration and Slope Stability -- 10.5.2 Possible Trigger Mechanisms -- 10.6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 11: Post-failure Processes on the Continental Slope of the Central Nile Deep-Sea Fan: Interactions Between Fluid Seepage, Sediment Deformation and Sediment-Wave Construction -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Methods -- 11.3 Results -- 11.3.1 Architecture and Age of MTDs and Slope Deposits -- 11.3.2 Seabed Sediment Undulations -- 11.3.3 Sediment Pathways -- 11.4 Discussion -- 11.4.1 End-Members: Sediment Waves Versus Deformation Structures -- 11.4.2 Post-failure Slope Evolution -- 11.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12: Fluid Seepage in Relation to Seabed Deformation on the Central Nile Deep-Sea Fan, Part 1: Evidence from Sidescan Sonar Data -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Methods -- 12.3 Results -- 12.3.1 Erosional Furrows -- 12.3.2 Sediment Cracks -- 12.3.3 Carbonate Pavements -- 12.3.4 Hydroacoustic Flares -- 12.4 Discussion -- 12.4.1 Mid-slope Domain: Focused Fluid Flow Through MTDs -- 12.4.2 Western Undulations: Fluid Flow Along Faults Rooted in MTDs -- 12.4.3 Eastern Undulations: Exhumation of Fossil Carbonates -- 12.5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 13: Fluid Seepage in Relation to Seabed Deformation on the Central Nile Deep-Sea Fan, Part 2: Evidence from Multibeam and Sidescan Imagery -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Methods -- 13.3 Results -- 13.3.1 Faults and Fluid Indicators on Sub-bottom Profiles -- 13.3.2 Seabed Backscatter Anomalies at Differing Frequencies -- 13.3.3 Water Column Gas Flares -- 13.4 Discussion -- 13.4.1 Growth and Burial of Carbonate Pavements -- 13.4.2 Fluid Migration Along Fault Planes -- 13.5 Conclusions -- References. , Part III Slope Stability and Risk Assessment -- Chapter 14: Advances in Offshore Seismic Slope Stability: A Case History -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Geomorphological and Geotechnical Data -- 14.2.1 Site Investigations -- 14.2.2 Geomorphological Setting -- 14.2.3 Geotechnical and Geophysical Data Integration -- 14.2.4 Soil Sampling -- 14.2.5 Advanced Laboratory Testing -- 14.3 Stability Analyses -- 14.3.1 Conventional Approach -- 14.3.2 Dynamic Approach -- 14.4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 15: Size-Frequency Relationship of Submarine Landslides at Convergent Plate Margins: Implications for Hazard and Risk Assessment -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Tectonic Setting of the MA and CC Convergent Margins -- 15.3 MA and CC Slumps and Slides: Observations and Data -- 15.4 Size-Frequency Relationships -- 15.5 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 16: A Numerical Investigation of Sediment Destructuring as a Potential Globally Widespread Trigger for Large Submarine Landslides on Low Gradients -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.1.1 Destructuring of Cemented Hemipelagic Clay as a Source of Overpressure -- 16.1.2 Aims and Approach -- 16.2 Methodology -- 16.2.1 Material Model -- 16.2.2 Model Description -- 16.2.3 Assumptions and Limitations -- 16.3 Results -- 16.4 Discussion -- 16.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 17: How Stable Is the Nice Slope? - An Analysis Based on Strength and Cohesion from Ring Shear Experiments -- 17.1 Introduction and Geological Setting -- 17.2 Methods -- 17.2.1 Coring and Sedimentological Analysis -- 17.2.2 Shear Experiments with the Ring Shear Apparatus -- 17.2.3 Stability Assessment of the Nice Slope Sediments -- 17.3 Results -- 17.3.1 Sedimentological Analysis and Physical Properties -- 17.3.2 Frictional Behavior of the Nice Slope Sediments -- 17.3.3 Stability Assessment of the Nice Slope Sediments -- 17.4 Discussion. , References -- Chapter 18: Regional Slope Stability Assessment Along the Caucasian Shelf of the Black Sea -- 18.1 Introduction -- 18.2 Geological Engineering Conditions Along the Caucasian Shelf of the Black Sea -- 18.3 Methods -- 18.4 Regional Submarine Slope Stability Assessment Based on 1D Modelling -- 18.5 Local Submarine Slope Stability Assessment Based on 1D Modelling -- 18.5.1 Dzhubga -- 18.5.2 Novomikhailovsky -- 18.5.3 Tuapse -- 18.5.4 Ashe -- 18.5.5 Shahe -- 18.5.6 Dagomis -- 18.5.7 Kudepsta -- 18.6 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 19: A Semi-empirical Method to Assess Flow-Slide Probability -- 19.1 Introduction -- 19.2 Failure Mechanisms -- 19.2.1 Static Liquefaction -- 19.2.2 Breach Flow-Slide -- 19.3 Physical-Based Models -- 19.3.1 Static Liquefaction -- 19.3.2 Breach Flow-Slide -- 19.3.3 Applicability of Physical-Based Models -- 19.4 Empirical Method -- 19.4.1 Basic Information and Mean Flow-Slide Frequency -- 19.4.2 General Applicability to Other Regions in the Netherlands -- 19.4.3 Influence of Local Soil Characteristics and Slope Geometry -- 19.5 Semi-empirical Method -- 19.5.1 Determination of P(ZVliquefaction) -- 19.5.2 Determination of P(ZVbreachflow) -- 19.6 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 20: Submarine Slope Stability Assessment of the Central Mediterranean Continental Margin: The Gela Basin -- 20.1 Introduction -- 20.2 Geological Setting -- 20.3 Material and Methods -- 20.3.1 Shipboard and Laboratory Analysis -- 20.3.2 Overpressure Estimation -- 20.3.3 Slope Stability Analysis -- 20.4 Results -- 20.4.1 Physical and Geotechnical Properties -- 20.4.2 Slope Stability Analysis -- 20.5 Discussion -- 20.5.1 Preconditioning Factors -- 20.5.2 Triggering Factors -- 20.6 Conclusions -- References -- Part IV Monitoring, Observation and Repeated Surveys of Active Slope Failure Processes. , Chapter 21: The 1930 Landslide in Orkdalsfjorden: Morphology and Failure Mechanism.

Note: Literaturangaben , Physical properties of sedimentsGas hydrates and role of interstitial fluids in submarine slope failure -- Slope stability and risk assessment -- Monitoring, observation and repeated surveys of active slope failure processes -- Understanding failure processes from submarine landslide geomorphology -- Interaction between ocean circulation and MTDs -- Landslide generated tsunamis -- Long-term record of submarine landslides and MTD paleoseismology -- Outcrops of ancient submarine landslides.