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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors controlling emission of dimethylsulphide from salt marshes (1987)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 330 (1987), S. 643-645 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] If we assume that DMS and H2S emission from salt marshes result from processes in the top 2 cm of sediment where plant root biomass and microbial activity are typically greatest14, it is possible to estimate turnover rates for the dissolved gas pools. The observed flux of H2S from salt-marsh ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/330643a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dimethyl sulphide in a stratified coastal salt pond (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 310 (1984), S. 770-772 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Salt Pond is a shallow (5.5-m deep) eutrophic marine basin on Cape Cod, Massachusetts16, that exhibits density stratification. While aerobic processes dominate the epilimnion, the anaerobic hypolimnion generally has high concentrations of H2S (up to 5 mM) generated from sulphate reduction in the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/310770a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of a DMSP-degrading bacterial isolate from the Sargasso Sea (1993)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 160 (1993), S. 312-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Dimethylsulfoniopropionate ; Dimethylsulfide ; DMSP lyase ; marine bacteria ; α-Proteobacteria ; Roseobacter denitrificans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A bacterium which cleaves dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) to form dimethylsulfide (DMS) was isolated from surface Sargasso Sea water by a DMSP enrichment technique. The isolate, here designated LFR, is a Gram-negative, obligately aerobic, rod-shaped, carotenoid-containing bacterium with a DNA G+C content of 70%. Sequencing and comparison of its 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) with that of known eubacteria revealed highest similarity (91% unrestricted sequence similarity) to Roseobacter denitrificans (formerly Erythrobacter species strain OCh114), an aerobic, bacteriochlorophyll-containing marine representative of the α-Proteobacteria. However, physiological differences between the two bacteria, and the current lack of other characterized close relatives, preclude assignment of strain LFR to the Roseobacter genus. Screening of fifteen characterized marine bacteria revealed only one, Pseudomonas doudoroffii, capable of degrading DMSP to DMS. Strain LFR is deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 51258) and 16S rRNA sequence data are available under GenBank accession number 15345.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00292083
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  • 4
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    Emission of dimethylsulfide from Weddell Sea leads (2006)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. @ American Geophysical Union, 2005. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geophysical Research Letters 32 (2005): L23610, doi:10.1029/2005GL024242.
    Description: The distribution of dimethylsulfide (DMS), dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) was examined in lead water in pack ice of the Weddell Sea. Samples were taken by pulling water into a syringe from a series of depths from 0.002 m to 4 m and deeper. Concentrations of DMS, DMSP and DMSO remained low throughout the water column relative to surface water, which was highly enriched. Concentrations of the major sulfur compounds increased by over an order of magnitude during periods with smooth surface water conditions. This increase coincided with a profound stratification of the water column, caused by a decrease in salinity of near surface water. We estimate that the DMS emission from leads and open water in Antarctic sea ice could contribute significantly to the yearly DMS flux from the Southern Ocean.
    Description: This work was financially supported by the Marie Currie Training Site Fellowship (contract number HPMF-CT-2002-01865) and by Natural Environment Research Council, UK (award ref number NER/B/S/2003/00844).
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 5
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    Behaviour of the ocean DMS(P) pools in the Sargasso Sea viewed in a coupled physical-biogeochemical ocean model (2005)
    National Research Council Canada
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © National Research Council Canada, 2004. This article is posted here by permission of National Research Council Canada for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 61 (2004): 788-803, doi:10.1139/F04-027.
    Description: The dimethylsulfide (DMS) production model NODEM (Northern Oceans DMS Emission Model) was coupled with the water column ocean model GOTM (General Ocean Turbulence Model) that includes a two-equation k&150;ε turbulence scheme. This coupled physical-biogeochemical ocean model represents a significant improvement over the previous uncoupled version of NODEM that was driven by a diagnostic vertical mixing scheme. Using the same set of biogeochemical parameters, the coupled model is used to simulate the annual cycles of 1992 and 1993 at Hydrostation S in the Sargasso Sea. The better reproduction of the turbulent mixing environment corrects some deficiencies in nitrogen cycling, especially in the seasonal evolution of the nutrient concentrations. Hence, the coupled model captures the late-winter chlorophyll- and DMS(P)-rich blooms. It is also more adept at reproducing the vertical distribution of chlorophyll and DMS(P) in summer. Moreover, the DMS pool becomes less dependent on parameters controlling the nitrogen cycle and relatively more sensitive to parameters related to the sulfur cycle. Finally, the coupled model reproduces some of the observed differences in DMS(P) pools between 1992 and 1993, the latter being an independent data set not used in calibrating the initial version of NODEM.
    Description: This work was supported in part by the Government of Canada’s Climate Change Action Fund and by the Canadian–SOLAS Network (Surface Ocean – Lower Atmosphere Study) of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences.
    Keywords: Dimethylsulfide (DMS) ; NODEM (Northern Oceans DMS Emission Model) ; GOTM (General Ocean Turbulence Model)
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 6
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    Direct measurements of biogenic dimethylsulphide fluxes from the oceans : a synthesis (2005)
    National Research Council Canada
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © National Research Council Canada, 2004. This article is posted here by permission of National Research Council Canada for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 61 (2004): 836-844, doi:10.1139/F04-047.
    Description: This paper provides a brief overview of the state-of-the-art of techniques that are currently used for field measurements of trace gas fluxes and the subsequent derivation of gas transfer rates over the oceans. Special attention is given to the relaxed eddy accumulation (REA) and gradient flux (GF) techniques, which rely on empirical functions thus far mainly validated over land. The universality of these functions and their application at sea have not yet been fully evaluated. New experiments have shown that the emission of dimethylsulphide (DMS) can be measured by the REA and GF techniques. Moreover, these measurements have provided parameterizations of gas exchange rates that are within the range of relationships between wind speed and gas transfer that have recently been derived from eddy correlation (EC) and deliberate tracer measurements. Using DMS as a model, gas is potentially a powerful approach to intercalibrate the REA, GF, and EC techniques, test their applicability in the marine environment, and investigate processes that determine trace gas exchange across the ocean surface.
    Keywords: Relaxed eddy accumulation (REA) ; Gradient flux (GF) ; Dimethylsulphide (DMS)
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: 145109 bytes
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  • 7
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    Fluxes and gas transfer rates of the biogenic trace gas DMS derived from atmospheric gradients (2010)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2004. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research 109 (2004): C08S10, doi:10.1029/2003JC001795.
    Description: Gas transfer rates were determined from vertical profile measurements of atmospheric dimethylsulfide (DMS) gradients over the equatorial Pacific Ocean obtained during the GasEx-2001 cruise. A quadratic relationship between gas transfer velocity and wind speed was derived from the DMS flux measurements; this relationship was in close agreement with a parameterization derived from relaxed eddy accumulation measurements of DMS over the northeastern Pacific Ocean. However, the GasEx-2001 relationship results in gas transfer rates that are a factor 2 higher than gas transfer rates calculated from a parameterization that is based on coincident eddy correlation measurements of CO2 flux. The measurement precision of both the profiling and eddy correlation techniques applied during GasEx-2001 is comparable; the two gas transfer data sets are in agreement within their uncertainty. Differences in the number of samples and the wind speed range over which CO2 and DMS fluxes were measured are likely causes for the observed discrepancy.
    Description: Funding for this work came from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) and from the NOP project 951203: ‘‘Micrometeorology of air/sea fluxes of carbon dioxide. This work was supported by the Global Carbon Cycle project of the NOAA Office of Global Programs grant NA17RJ1223, National Science Foundation grant OCE-9986724, and NSF grant ATM-0120569.
    Keywords: Dimethylsulfide (DMS) ; Atmospheric gradients ; Micrometeorology ; GasEx-2001
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 8
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    Physical exchanges at the air–sea interface : UK–SOLAS field measurements (2010)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2009. This article is posted here by permission of The UK–SOLAS projects were funded by the Natural Environment Research Council Grants NE/C001826/1 (HiWASE), NE/C001842/1 (SEASAW), NE/C001702/1 (DOGEE), and NE/E011489/1 (DMS Fluxes); and by NSF Grants ATM05-26341 (Hawaii), OCE-0623450 (Miami), and NSF-OCE 0549887/0834340/0550000 (APL-UW). for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 90 (2009): 629-644, doi:10.1175/2008BAMS2578.1.
    Description: As part of the U.K. contribution to the international Surface Ocean–Lower Atmosphere Study, a series of three related projects—DOGEE, SEASAW, and HiWASE—undertook experimental studies of the processes controlling the physical exchange of gases and sea spray aerosol at the sea surface. The studies share a common goal: to reduce the high degree of uncertainty in current parameterization schemes. The wide variety of measurements made during the studies, which incorporated tracer and surfactant release experiments, included direct eddy correlation fluxes, detailed wave spectra, wind history, photographic retrievals of whitecap fraction, aerosol-size spectra and composition, surfactant concentration, and bubble populations in the ocean mixed layer. Measurements were made during three cruises in the northeast Atlantic on the RRS Discovery during 2006 and 2007; a fourth campaign has been making continuous measurements on the Norwegian weather ship Polarfront since September 2006. This paper provides an overview of the three projects and some of the highlights of the measurement campaigns.
    Description: As part of the U.K. contribution to the international Surface Ocean–Lower Atmosphere Study, a series of three related projects—DOGEE, SEASAW, and HiWASE—undertook experimental studies of the processes controlling the physical exchange of gases and sea spray aerosol at the sea surface. The studies share a common goal: to reduce the high degree of uncertainty in current parameterization schemes. The wide variety of measurements made during the studies, which incorporated tracer and surfactant release experiments, included direct eddy correlation fluxes, detailed wave spectra, wind history, photographic retrievals of whitecap fraction, aerosol-size spectra and composition, surfactant concentration, and bubble populations in the ocean mixed layer. Measurements were made during three cruises in the northeast Atlantic on the RRS Discovery during 2006 and 2007; a fourth campaign has been making continuous measurements on the Norwegian weather ship Polarfront since September 2006. This paper provides an overview of the three projects and some of the highlights of the measurement campaigns.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 9
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    Gradients in dimethylsulfide, dimethylsulfoniopropionate, dimethylsulfoxide, and bacteria near the sea surface (2011)
    Inter-Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © Inter-Research, 2005. This article is posted here by permission of Inter-Research for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Marine Ecology Progress Series 295 (2005): 33-42, doi:10.3354/meps295033.
    Description: Gradients of dimethylsulfide (DMS), dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), and bacterial numbers and diversity from the surface microlayer to 500 cm depth were assessed in coastal waters surrounding the Martha’s Vineyard Coastal Observatory, Massachusetts, USA. Microlayer samples were collected with a surface skimmer: a partially submerged, rotating glass cylinder (‘drum’) that allows the collection of a thin layer of water by adherence to the drum. A depletion of DMS towards the water surface (10 cm) was found at all sampling days, with largest gradients during rough sea surface conditions. The steep gradients show that gas fluxes and transfer velocities, based on the concentration disequilibrium between the water and the atmosphere, need to be based on near surface gas concentration values. Elevated DMSP, DMSO concentrations and bacterial numbers were found at the sea surface during calm conditions. Although degassing and photo-oxidation on the skimmer will bias the microlayer data, the results indicate stratification of DMSP, DMSO and bacteria during periods of smooth sea surface conditions.
    Description: We also thank the postdoctoral scholar program at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, with funding provided by the J. Seward Johnson Fund.
    Keywords: Marine sulfur ; Bacteria ; Depth profiles ; Microlayer sampling ; Coastal waters ; DMS ; DMSP ; DMSO
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 10
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    Concentrations and cycling of DMS, DMSP, and DMSO in coastal and offshore waters of the Subarctic Pacific during summer, 2010-2011 (2017)
    John Wiley & Sons
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2017. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 122 (2017): 3269–3286, doi:10.1002/2016JC012465.
    Description: Concentrations of dimethylsulfide (DMS), measured in the Subarctic Pacific during summer 2010 and 2011, ranged from ∼1 to 40 nM, while dissolved dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) concentrations (range 13-23 nM) exceeded those of dissolved dimethyl sulfoniopropionate (DMSP) (range 1.3–8.8 nM). Particulate DMSP dominated the reduced sulfur pool, reaching maximum concentrations of 100 nM. Coastal and off shore waters exhibited similar overall DMS concentration ranges, but sea-air DMS fluxes were lower in the oceanic waters due to lower wind speeds. Surface DMS concentrations showed statistically significant correlations with various hydrographic variables including the upwelling intensity (r2 = 0.52, p 〈 0.001) and the Chlorophyll a/mixed layer depth ratio (r2 = 0.52, p 〈 0.001), but these relationships provided little predictive power at small scales. Stable isotope tracer experiments indicated that the DMSP cleavage pathway always exceeded the DMSO reduction pathway as a DMS source, leading to at least 85% more DMS production in each experiment. Gross DMS production rates were positively correlated with the upwelling intensity, while net rates of DMS production were significantly correlated to surface water DMS concentrations. This latter result suggests that our measurements captured dominant processes driving surface DMS accumulation across a coastal-oceanic gradient.
    Description: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, from the Peter Wall Institute for Advanced Studies
    Description: 2017-10-24
    Keywords: Dimethylsulfide ; DMSP ; DMSO ; DMS turnover ; Rate measurements ; Isotopic tracers ; Sea-air flux ; Upwelling
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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