Publication Date:
2023-03-16
Description:
Ocean warming and acidification are two important environmental drivers affecting marine organisms. Organisms living at high latitudes might be especially threatened in near future, as current environmental changes are larger and occur faster. Therefore, we investigated the effect of hypercapnia on thermal tolerance and physiological performance of sub-Arctic Mytilus edulis from the White Sea. Mussels were exposed (2 weeks) to 390 µatm (control) and 1,120 µatm CO2 (year 2100) before respiration rate (MO2), anaerobic metabolite (succinate) level, haemolymph acid-base status, and intracellular pH (pHi) were determined during acute warming (10-28°C, 3°C over night).
In normocapnic mussels, warming induced MO2 to rise exponentially until it levelled off beyond a breakpoint temperature of 20.5°C. Concurrently, haemolymph PCO2 rose significantly 〉19°C followed by a decrease in PO2 indicating the pejus temperature (TP, onset of thermal limitation). Succinate started to accumulate at 28°C under normocapnia defining the critical temperature (TC). pHi was maintained during warming until it dropped at 28°C, in line with the concomitant transition to anaerobiosis. At acclimation temperature, CO2 had only a minor impact. During warming, MO2 was stimulated by CO2 resulting in an elevated breakpoint of 25.8°C. Nevertheless, alterations in haemolymph gases (〉16°C) and the concomitant changes of pHi and succinate level (25°C) occurred at lower temperature under hypercapnia versus normocapnia indicating a downward shift of both thermal limits TP and TC by CO2.
Compared to temperate conspecifics, sub-Arctic mussels showed an enhanced thermal sensitivity, exacerbated further by hypercapnia, indicating their potential vulnerability to environmental changes projected for 2100.
Keywords:
1H NMR spectroscopy; Blood gas analyser, Eschweiler, MT 33; Calculated after Heisler 1986; EPOCA; EPOCA_White_Sea; European Project on Ocean Acidification; EXP; Experiment; Experimental treatment; Gas chromatography; Homogenate method by Pörtner et al. 1990 and pH optode, PreSens, Needle-Type-Housing-pH-Microsensor; Individual code; Mytilus edulis, extrapallial fluid carbon dioxide; Mytilus edulis, extrapallial fluid partial pressure of carbon dioxide; Mytilus edulis, extrapallial fluid partial pressure of oxygen; Mytilus edulis, extrapallial fluid pH; Mytilus edulis, haemolymph, bicarbonate ion; Mytilus edulis, haemolymph, carbon dioxide; Mytilus edulis, haemolymph, partial pressure of carbon dioxide; Mytilus edulis, haemolymph, partial pressure of oxygen; Mytilus edulis, haemolymph, pH; Mytilus edulis, mantle tissue, bicarbonate ion; Mytilus edulis, mantle tissue, carbon dioxide; Mytilus edulis, mantle tissue, partial pressure of carbon dioxide; Mytilus edulis, mantle tissue, pH; Mytilus edulis, mantle tissue, succinate; Oxygen optode, flow-through respirometry; Respiration rate, oxygen, per dry mass; Salinity; Temperature, water; White Sea
Type:
Dataset
Format:
text/tab-separated-values, 2034 data points
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