Note: Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Part I: Current Approaches to Sustainable Agriculture in Smallholder Farming System -- Chapter 1: Impact of Future Climate Change on Agriculture, Livestock Production and Aquaculture: Challenges and Policy -- 1 Impact of Climate Change -- 2 Climate Change: Global status -- 3 Climate Change Impacts in South Asia and India -- 3.1 Floods -- 3.2 Droughts -- 3.3 Biotic Stresses, Biosafety and Biosecurity -- 3.4 Post-Harvest Losses, Value Addition and Value Chain Management -- 3.5 Secondary Agriculture, Renewable Energy, Smallholder and Marginal Farmers -- 4 Climate Change Impact on Indian Agriculture -- 5 The Changing Socio-Economic Environment -- 6 Indian Agriculture - Past, Present and Future -- 7 Policy and Institutional Issues -- 7.1 Investment in Agricultural Research -- 7.2 Human Resources -- 7.3 Gender Dimension -- 7.4 Collaboration and Coordination at National and International Level -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- Part II: Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies in Smallholder Agricultural System Under Climate Change Scenario -- Chapter 2: Managing Agricultural Nitrogen Losses in Crop Production and Mitigation of Climate Change Effects -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Nitrogen and Climate Change -- 2 Major Factors Leading to High Risk of Nitrogen Losses in Agriculture -- 2.1 Soil Characteristics -- 2.2 Temperature, Moisture, and Aeration -- 3 Management Strategies to Reduce Nitrogen Losses from Agricultural Lands While Maintaining Crop Production -- 3.1 Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency -- 3.2 Nitrification Inhibitors -- 3.3 Controlled- and Slow-Release Fertilizers -- 3.4 Diagnostic and Decision Support Tools -- 3.4.1 Remote Sensors and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) -- 3.4.2 Use of Airborne and Satellite Imagery. , 3.4.3 Web, Computer, and Phone-Based Decision Support Tools -- 3.5 Use of Cover Crops -- 3.6 Adoption of Conservation Tillage -- 3.7 Manure Application and Management -- 3.8 Site-Specific Nutrient Management -- 3.9 Stakeholder Involvement and Integration -- 4 Tools for Integrated Management of Nitrogen -- 4.1 National Nitrogen Strategy -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3: Critical Analysis and Evaluation of Groundnut Value Chain for Revamping Its Production for Global Food Security -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Groundnut Value Chain and Its Development -- 3 Components of the Value Chain -- 3.1 Input Suppliers -- 3.2 Producers -- 3.2.1 Recommended Nutrients for Groundnuts -- 3.2.1.1 Primary Nutrients -- 3.2.1.2 Secondary nutrients -- 3.3 Traders -- 3.4 Processing -- 3.5 Exporters -- 3.6 Consumers -- 3.7 Linking Producers to Markets -- 4 Conclusion and Prospects -- 5 Recommendations -- References -- Chapter 4: Aluminum Uptake, Callose Accumulation, and Invertase Activity in Lowland and Upland Rice Genotypes in Relation to Aluminum Stress Tolerance -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Plant Material and Treatment Levels -- 2.2 The Impact of Morin Staining in the Localization of Al in Roots -- 2.3 Hematoxylin Staining in the Detection of the Accumulated Al in Root Tips -- 2.4 Determination of Loss of Plasma Membrane Integrity -- 2.5 Eriochrome Cyanine R Staining -- 2.6 Histochemical Detection of Callose in Root Tissues -- 2.7 Measurement of Callose Content -- 2.8 Analysis of Invertase Activity -- 2.9 Statistical Analysis -- 3 Results -- 3.1 The Impact of Morin Staining in the Localization of Al in Roots -- 3.2 Determination of Aluminum Uptake -- 3.3 The Damage in a Membrane Formed Due to Al in Root Tips -- 3.4 Eriochrome Cyanine R Staining -- 3.5 Callose Accumulation -- 3.6 Invertase Activity Assay -- 4 Discussion -- References. , Chapter 5: Gender Issues in Farming: Challenging Socially Embedded Positions in Agrarian Context -- 1 Gender: A Social Construct -- 2 Gender Roles in Agriculture -- 2.1 Gender and Natural Resource Management -- 2.2 Gender and Livestock -- 2.3 Gender Participation in Value Chains -- 3 Gender Issues in Agriculture -- 3.1 Women: The Invisible Farmers -- 3.2 Time Poverty -- 3.3 Few Formal Work Opportunities and Low Wages/Income -- 3.4 Limited Accessibility to Extension Services and Trainings -- 3.5 Women Suffer Restricted Mobility -- 3.6 Identity Crisis as a Farmer of Farmer's Wives -- 3.7 Limited Cooperative Membership -- 3.8 Inequitable Decision-Making -- 3.9 Women-Headed Households Are Resource-Poor Households -- 3.10 Heavy Workloads and Ignored Occupational Health -- 4 Strategies for Mainstreaming Gender Concerns in Agriculture and Allied Sectors -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: Characterization and Appraisal of Crop-Based Farming System for Sustainable Development of Agriculture -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Material and Methodology -- 2.1 Study Area -- 2.2 Satellite Data and Pre-processing Analysis -- 2.3 Field-Based Investigations -- 2.4 Statistical Investigations -- 3 Result and Discussion -- 3.1 Major Cropping Systems -- 3.2 Variability and Spatial Distribution of Soil Nutrients -- 3.3 Crop Yields with Irrigation Intensity -- 3.4 Land Resource and Land Utilization Index -- 3.5 Complex Relation of LUI and Systems Production -- 3.6 Crop Yield and Regression Analysis -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: A Perspective View of Nitrogen: Soil, Plants and Water -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Nitrogen in Soil-Plant Systems -- 2.1 Forms of Nitrogen in Soil -- 2.2 Functions of Nitrogen in Plants -- 2.3 Nitrogen Status in Indian Soils -- 3 Nitrogen Sources for Crops -- 3.1 Crop Residue -- 3.2 Manure -- 3.3 Fertilizers -- 3.4 Biofertilizers. , 4 Nitrogen in Soil -- 4.1 Mineralization of Organic Nitrogen -- 4.1.1 Aminization -- 4.1.2 Ammonification -- 4.1.3 Nitrification -- 5 Nitrogen Conversion After Fertilizer Application -- 6 Nitrogen Losses -- 6.1 Denitrification -- 6.2 Volatilization -- 6.3 Leaching -- 7 Nitrogen Pollution -- 7.1 Atmospheric Pollution -- 7.2 Groundwater Pollution -- 7.3 Eutrophication -- 8 Conclusions -- References -- Part III: Advanced Technology in Agriculture for Smart Faming -- Chapter 8: Resilience Against Salt Tolerance in Rice Cultivars, Using Various Strategies of Conventional Breeding, Molecular Breeding and Transgenic Approaches -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Rice and Salinity -- 3 Conventional Approaches to Development of Salt-Tolerant Rice Cultivars -- 4 Molecular Breeding for Incorporation of Salt Tolerance in Rice Cultivars -- 5 Transgenic Approaches to Salinity Tolerance in Rice -- 6 Future Prospects and Challenges -- References -- Chapter 9: Geoinformation for Land Suitability Modelling for Climate-Smart Farming in Africa -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Land Suitability Mapping -- 3 Available GIS Models for Land Suitability Assessment -- 4 Climate-Smart Farming -- 5 Conclusion and Future Prospects -- References -- Chapter 10: Climate Change Adaptation: Remote Sensing-Based Flood Crop Loss Assessment to Support Crop Insurance -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Study Location -- 2.2 Datasets and Processing -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Flood Events and Their Impact on Agriculture -- 3.2 Agricultural Insurance -- 3.3 Flood Analysis -- 4 Conclusion and Policy Implications -- References -- Part IV: Livestock Production: Technology Development, Transfer and Opportunities -- Chapter 11: Smallholder Pig Value Chains Development and Livelihood Security -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Future of Pig Farming -- 2 Pigs as Resources -- 3 Present Scenario of Pig and Pig Products. , 3.1 Pigs in Global Economy -- 3.2 Contribution of Pigs to Indian Economy -- 4 Scientific Pig Farming -- 4.1 Breeding Management -- 4.2 Feeding Management -- 4.3 Housing Management -- 4.4 Health Management -- 4.5 Reproduction Management -- 4.6 Symptoms of Heat in Females -- 4.7 Signs of Approaching Farrowing -- 5 General Management -- 5.1 Neonatal Care in Pigs -- 5.2 Management of Pregnant and Lactating Females -- 5.3 Care of Sow During Gestation -- 5.4 Care During Farrowing -- 5.5 Care of Sows During Lactation -- 6 Capacity Development and Pig Production -- 6.1 Extension Services -- 6.2 Legislation -- 6.3 Veterinary Services -- 6.4 Financial Services -- 6.5 Input Supply Chains -- 6.6 Access to Markets -- 6.7 Transport -- 6.8 Organizational Options and Gender -- 7 Target Groups for Capacity Development -- 8 Livelihood Security and Pig Production -- 9 Way Forward -- 10 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12: Revolutionizing Impact of Poultry Resources in Food Security and Rural Economy -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Global Scenario -- 3 Indian Scenario -- 4 Small-Scale Poultry Farming -- 5 Genetic Resources -- 6 Egg and Poultry Meat as Valuable Food Source -- 7 Food Safety -- 8 Food Security -- 9 Impact of Poultry Produce on Food Security -- 10 Promoting Poultry Produce -- 11 Economic Contribution of Smallholder Poultry -- 12 Value Addition -- 13 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 13: Milk and Milk Product Safety and Quality Assurance for Achieving Better Public Health Outcomes -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Quality and Safety Issues Associated with Milk and Milk Products -- 2.1 Chemical Hazards -- 2.1.1 Sources of Chemical Residues in Milk and Milk Products -- 2.1.2 Antibiotic Drugs -- 2.1.3 Bovine Growth Hormone -- 2.1.4 Steroid Hormones -- 2.1.5 Pesticides and Insecticides -- 2.1.6 Mycotoxins -- 2.1.7 Nitrates and Nitrites -- 2.1.8 Heavy Metals. , 2.2 Microbial Hazards.