GLORIA — GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

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Stability of marine phytoplankton communities facing stress related to global change: Interactive effects of heat waves and turbidity (2017)

Remy, Merle ; Hillebrand, Helmut ; Flöder, Sabine

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

In: EPIC3Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 497, pp. 219-229, ISSN: 0022-0981

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Publication Date: 2017-11-21

Description: According to climate models, coastal ecosystems will face an increased frequency of heat waves and increased turbidity due to terrestrial sediment run-off induced by increasing precipitation. Several studies have examined the effects of heat waves and turbidity separately, whereas this study analysed the individual effects of both stressors as well as their interaction, because stressors affect communities differently when acting in combination. Using a factorial experimental design, we simulated heat waves (22 °C and 26 °C compared to an 18 °C control) and turbidity (sediment addition). The response of the phytoplankton community was analysed for the aggregate parameters biovolume and diversity index (H′), as well as for community composition. Heat waves had a significant negative effect on biovolume, whereas turbidity tended to affect biovolume positively. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant interactions of heat waves and turbidity for H′ and community composition. Strong heat waves (26 °C) alleviated the otherwise positive effect of turbidity on H′, i.e. highest diversity remained in the turbid control. Diatoms gained dominance in the control and the 22 °C heat wave treatment with Cylindrotheca closterium being the successful competitor. At 26 °C this species was lost and small flagellates dominated the experimental communities. Future increases in heat wave intensity and frequency may thus induce major changes in phytoplankton community structure whereas algae might profit from increased turbidity as an additional source of nutrients.

Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Type: Article , isiRev

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Knowledge Transfer by the Global Terrestrial Network for Permafrost (GTN-P) (2018)

Biskaborn, Boris K. ; Lantuit, Hugues

Springer

In: EPIC3Building Bridges at the Science-Stakeholder Interface, Building Bridges at the Science-Stakeholder Interface, Springer, 133 p., pp. 73-78, ISBN: 978-3-319-75919-7

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Publication Date: 2019-08-15

Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Type: Inbook , peerRev , info:eu-repo/semantics/other

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What makes an ideal global stocktake? : A functional analysis ; discussion paper (2018)

Hermwille, Lukas ; Siemons, Anne

Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt

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Publication Date: 2022-02-18

Description: Many hope that the Global Stocktake under the Paris Agreement can become a catalyst for increased mitigation ambition over time. Based on different theories of change, this paper outlines four governance functions for the Global Stocktake. It can contribute to the Paris Agreement as a pacemaker (stimulating and synchronizing policy processes across governance levels), by ensuring accountability of Parties, by enhancing ambition through benchmarks for action and transformative learning, and by reiterating and refining the guidance and signal provided from the Paris Agreement. The paper further outlines process- and information-related preconditions that would enable an ideal Global Stocktake.

Keywords: ddc:320

Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie

Language: English

Type: workingpaper , doc-type:workingPaper

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Challenges of coal transitions : a comparative study on the status quo and future prospects of coal mining and coal use in Indonesia, Colombia and Viet Nam (2019)

Wehnert, Timon ; Andreeva, Tatiana ; Fekete, Hanna ; [et al.]

Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt

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Publication Date: 2022-02-18

Description: Today more than 45 % of all energy-related CO2 emissions come from burning coal. Thus, reducing CO2 emissions from coal use is a necessity for reaching the targets of the Paris Agreement. This will not only pose challenges for coal consumers (restructuring of the energy system), but also for countries whose economy is strongly depending on the production of coal. This paper examines the role of coal in three countries, which are or were in recent years among the top coal exporters: Indonesia, Colombia and Vietnam. Understanding challenges and possible transition pathways in these countries will help to develop global strategies to reduce CO2 emissions from coal in the short to mid-term.

Keywords: ddc:320

Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie

Language: English

Type: report , doc-type:report

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Life in the sea of plenty: Seasonal and regional comparison of physiological performance of Euphausia hanseni in the northern Benguela upwelling system (2015)

Werner, Thorsten ; Buchholz, Cornelia ; Buchholz, Friedrich

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

In: EPIC3Journal of Sea Research, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 103, pp. 103-112, ISSN: 1385-1101

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Publication Date: 2017-01-26

Description: Variability in upwelling events may lead to periods of constrained food availability in the northern Benguela upwelling system (NBUS), thereby affecting the physiological state and metabolic activity of euphausiids. Most attention has so far been paid to seasonal effects but little is known about regional variability.Metabolic activity (expressed by respiration and excretion rates) and physiological state (expressed by reproductive effort and moult activity) in Euphausia hanseni were examined at different stations during austral summer (minimum upwelling) and austral winter (maximum upwelling). Overall, regional differences in physiological state, influencing metabolic activity, were greater than seasonal ones, indicating favourable conditions for growth and reproduction year-round. Higher respiration rateswere found for females in more advanced stages of sexual development.Moult stage did not affect oxygen consumption rates, however. The physiological state of E. hanseni at the time of capture may serve as ameaningful indicator of the associated hydrographic conditions in the NBUS,to be further used in eco-system analysis on seasonal or long-term time scales. A latitudinal comparison of species highlights the extraordinary physiological plasticity of euphausiids.

Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Type: Article , isiRev

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Discovery of a giant cold-water coral mound province along the northern Argentine margin and its link to the regional Contourite Depositional System and oceanographic setting (2020)

Steinmann, Lena ; Baques, Michele ; Wenau, Stefan ; [et al.]

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

In: EPIC3Marine Geology, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 427, ISSN: 0025-3227

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Publication Date: 2020-06-17

Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Type: Article , isiRev

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Evaluation and development of recommendations on the CDM EB's Sustainable Development tool including the sustainability requirements of other flexible mechanisms (2016)

Arens, Christof ; Beuermann, Christiane ; Mersmann, Florian ; [et al.]

Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt

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Publication Date: 2022-02-18

Description: The research project seeks to identify the CDM SD tool's possible shortcomings, and to make structured recommendations on how to improve the EB's SD tool. Findings from this project are meant to have a lighthouse effect on the development of provisions on Sustainable Development within other carbon mechanisms of the UNFCCC and beyond. This report represents the consolidated findings of three work packages within this research project. The first chapter provides some background on the subject at hand, and leads into the report. The following chapter covers the assessment and comparison of the SD provisions of selected flexible mechanisms and multilateral standards.

Keywords: ddc:320

Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie

Language: English

Type: report , doc-type:report

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Selective byssus attachment behavior of mytilid mussels from hard- and soft-bottom coastal systems (2017)

Aguilera, M.A. ; Thiel, Martin ; Ullrich, N. ; [et al.]

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

In: EPIC3Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 497, pp. 61-70, ISSN: 0022-0981

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Publication Date: 2017-10-03

Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Type: Article , isiRev

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Methodology Used for the Detection and Identification of Microplastics—A Critical Appraisal (2015)

Löder, Martin ; Gerdts, Gunnar

Springer

In: EPIC3Marine Anthropogenic Litter, Marine Anthropogenic Litter, Berlin, Springer, 447 p., pp. 201-227, ISBN: 978-3-319-16510-3

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Publication Date: 2023-06-21

Description: Microplastics in aquatic ecosystems and especially in the marine environment represent a pollution of increasing scientific and societal concern, thus, meanwhile a substantial number of studies on microplastics exist. Although first steps towards a standardisation of methodologies used for the detection and identification of microplastics in environmental samples are made, the comparability of data on microplastics is currently hampered by a huge variety of different methodologies which result in the generation of data of extremely different quality and resolution. This chapter reviews the methodology presently used for assessing the concentration of microplastics in the marine environment with focus on the most convenient techniques and approaches. After an overview of non-selective sampling approaches, sample processing and treatment in the laboratory, the reader is introduced to the currently applied techniques for the identification and quantification of microplastics. The subsequent case study on microplastics in sediment samples from the North Sea measured with focal plane array (FPA)-based micro-Fourier transform infrared (micro-FTIR) spectroscopy shows that only 1.4 % of the particles visually resembling microplastics were of synthetic polymer origin. This finding emphasizes the importance of verifying the synthetic polymer origin of potential microplastics. Thus, a burning issue concerning current microplastic research is the generation of standards that allow for the assessment of reliable data on concentrations of microscopic plastic particles and the involved polymers with analytical laboratory techniques such as micro-FTIR or micro-Raman spectroscopy.

Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Type: Inbook , peerRev

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