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  • 11
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    Evaluating knowledge transfer at the interface between science and society (2019)
    OEKOM VERLAG
    In:  EPIC3Gaia-Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society, OEKOM VERLAG, 28(3), pp. 284-293, ISSN: 0940-5550
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-10-28
    Description: In view of the global grand challenges, fundamental research institutions are increasingly being asked to provide context for the application of their research findings and to incorporate transdisciplinary forms of knowledge production. But how can the involvement of stakeholders from outside academia be captured and evaluated within the research process? And how can they be engaged in meaningful science-stakeholder dialogue? “Good” processes are a prerequisite for meeting these changing requirements and for ensuring a successful knowledge transfer at the interface between science and society.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 12
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    The importance of mesozooplankton in management decisions concerning the South-Eastern Weddell Sea. Assessing the contribution of mesozooplankton to the biomass availability for higher trophic levels and its relation with sea ice (2017)
    Van Hall Larenstein
    In:  EPIC3Van Hall Larenstein, 51 p.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-12
    Description: The Southern Ocean is one of the harshest environments on the earth, yet it thrives with life. Krill is thought to be the pivotal organism in the Southern Ocean food web, as it channels the carbon produced by algae to higher trophic levels. However, mesozooplankton probably has a similar function in the Southern Ocean ecosystem. The ecosystem based management which is operated in the Southern Ocean focusses on krill and often neglects other carbon pathways. This study is set up to analyse how important mesozooplankton is in the food web of the south-eastern Weddell Sea, how its abundance and community structure is related to sea-ice and what this implies for the future management of the Southern Ocean. To answer these questions a combination of state-of-the-art research methods were used, including a size-class based approach in combination with C:N ratio analysis, bulk-stable isotope analysis, taxonomic analysis and literature studies. The biomass of mesozooplankton was found to exceed the biomass of krill in the Weddell Sea sampling area, and therefore has a higher contribution to the carrying capacity of the ecosystem. The most abundant mesozooplankton species was Calanoides acutus which corresponded with the size fraction with the highest biomass, namely 1000 μm. The undersea-ice mesozooplankton community (0-2 meter) was significantly different than in the 0-50 water depth layer. The C:N ratio was the highest in the 250 μm size fraction in the 0-2 meter. Regarding environmental variables, the interaction of chlorophyll a and sea-ice ridges best explained the species distribution of the 0-2 meter water layer. Species from the 0-2 meter depth stratum were found to be more dependent on sea-ice algae than the species in the 0-50 meter depth stratum. The health indicators of CCAMLR do not cover the whole ecosystem, as only high trophic level species are used. (Meso)zooplankton would be a good bottom-up health indicator, functioning as early warning indicator. Mesozooplankton and sea ice both fit in the WSMPA criteria and the general objectives of the WSMPA. It is concluded that mesozooplankton should be monitored and used as a health indicator for the ecosystem in the WSMPA.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Thesis , notRev
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  • 13
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    Flexible reaction norms to environmental variables along the migration route and the significance of stopover duration for total speed of migration in a songbird migrant (2017)
    In:  EPIC3Frontiers in Zoology, 14(1), ISSN: 1742-9994
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Background Predicting the consequences of continuing anthropogenic changes in the environment for migratory behaviours such as phenology remains a major challenge. Predictions remain particularly difficult, because our knowledge is based on studies from single-snapshot observations at specific stopover sites along birds’ migration routes. However, a general understanding on how birds react to prevailing environmental conditions, e.g. their ‘phenotypic reaction norm’, throughout the annual cycle and along their entire migration routes is required to fully understand how migratory birds respond to rapid environmental change. Results Here, we provide direct evidence that northern wheatears (Oenanthe oenanthe) from a breeding population in Alaska adjusted their probability to resume migration as well as the distance covered per night, i.e. travel speed, to large-scale environmental conditions experienced along their 15,000 km migratory route on both northwards and southwards migrations. These adjustments were found to be flexible in space and time. At the beginning of autumn migration, northern wheatears showed high departure probabilities and high travel speeds at low surface air temperatures, while far away from Alaska both traits decreased with increasing air temperatures. In spring, northern wheatears increasingly exploited flow assistance with season, which is likely a behavioural adjustment to speed up migration by increasing the distance travelled per night. Furthermore, the variation in total stopover duration but not in travel speed had a significant effect on the total speed of migration, indicating the prime importance of total stopover duration in the overall phenology of bird migration. Conclusion Northern wheatears from Alaska provide evidence that the phenotypic reaction norm to a set of environmental conditions cannot be generalized to universal and persistent behavioural reaction pattern across entire migratory pathways. This highlights the importance of full annual-cycle studies on migratory birds to better understand their response to the environment. Understanding the mechanisms behind phenotypic plasticity during migration is particularly important in the assessment of whether birds can keep pace with the potentially increasing phenological mismatches observed on the breeding grounds.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 14
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    MyEcoCost - forming the nucleus of a novel environmental accounting system : vision, prototype and way forward (2015)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-10
    Description: The innovative software system "myEcoCost" enables to gather and communicate resource and environmental data for products and services in global value chains. The system has been developed in the consortium of the European research project myEcoCost and forms a basis of a new, highly automated environmental accounting system für companies and consumers. The prototype of the system, linked to financial accounting of companies, was developed and tested in close collaboration with large and small companies. This brochure gives a brief introduction to the vision linked to myEcoCost: a network formed by collaborative environmental accounting nodes collecting environmental data at each step in a product's value chains. It shows why better life cycle data are needed and how myEcoCost addresses and solves this problem. Furthermore, it presents options for a future upscaling of highly automated environmenal accounting for prodcuts and services.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: report , doc-type:report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 15
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    Delievering 21st century Antarctic and Southern Ocean science (2016)
    CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
    In:  EPIC3Antarctic Science, CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS, 28(6), pp. 407-423, ISSN: 0954-1020
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-03-27
    Description: The Antarctic Roadmap Challenges (ARC) project identified critical requirements to deliver high priority Antarctic research in the 21st century. The ARC project addressed the challenges of enabling technologies, facilitating access, providing logistics and infrastructure, and capitalizing on international co-operation. Technological requirements include: i) innovative automated in situ observing systems, sensors and interoperable platforms (including power demands), ii) realistic and holistic numerical models, iii) enhanced remote sensing and sensors, iv) expanded sample collection and retrieval technologies, and v) greater cyber-infrastructure to process ‘big data’ collection, transmission and analyses while promoting data accessibility. These technologies must be widely available, performance and reliability must be improved and technologies used elsewhere must be applied to the Antarctic. Considerable Antarctic research is field-based, making access to vital geographical targets essential. Future research will require continent- and ocean-wide environmentally responsible access to coastal and interior Antarctica and the Southern Ocean. Year-round access is indispensable. The cost of future Antarctic science is great but there are opportunities for all to participate commensurate with national resources, expertise and interests. The scope of future Antarctic research will necessitate enhanced and inventive interdisciplinary and international collaborations. The full promise of Antarctic science will only be realized if nations act together.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 16
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    Compositional and functional consequences of environmental change in Belgian farmland ponds (2018)
    WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
    In:  EPIC3Freshwater Biology, WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, 63(6), pp. 581-596, ISSN: 0046-5070
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-09
    Description: 1. A resampling of 38 small farmland ponds in Belgium after 10 years revealed a high temporal species turnover for both phytoplankton and zooplankton communities, associated with substantial changes in abiotic factors, especially a reduction in total phosphorus concentration. 2. Across ponds, phytoplankton biomass decreased while evenness and richness increased between the samplings in 2003 and 2013. By contrast, the zooplankton assemblage was characterised by lower biomass, richness and evenness in 2013. Ponds experiencing larger environmental change showed stronger changes in phytoplankton richness and evenness. 3. Resource use efficiency (RUE) of zooplankton increased with greater environmental change and zooplankton evenness, which points to a switch towards species with higher RUE or greater variety in food sources in higher trophic levels. 4. As ponds are important habitats for freshwater biodiversity and ecosystems services, the strong but predictable species turnover and the opposing effects of environmental change on different trophic levels need to be embedded in conservation and management plans.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 17
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    Science vs. Entertainment – New Trends in Antarctic Tourism and needs for revised governance (2019)
    Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research & German Society of Polar Research
    In:  EPIC3Polarforschung, Bremerhaven, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research & German Society of Polar Research, 88(2), pp. 89-97, ISSN: 00322490
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-12
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: "Polarforschung" , peerRev
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  • 18
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    Metrological Analysis of Geopotential Gravity Field for Harbor Waterside Management and Water Quality Control (2015)
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Sea level oscillations are the superposition of many contributions. In particular, tide is a sea level up-down water motion basically depending on three different phenomena: the Earth-Moon-Sun gravitational relationship, the water surface fluid reaction to atmospheric meteorological dynamic, and the Newtonian vertical adjustment of the sea surface due to atmospheric pressure variations. The first tide component (astrotide) is periodic and well known in all points of the Earth surface; the second one is directly related to the meteorological phenomenon, and then it is foreseeable; the Newtonian component, on the contrary, is not readily predictable by a general hydrostatic law, because the 𝐽 factor that represents the Newtonian transfer (from the atmospheric weight to the consequent sea level) is variable in each harbor area.The analysis of the gravity field permits to forecast the sea level variation due to meteorological tide events, and itsmetrological analysis highlights a compensation in the inverse hydrobarometric factor to be taken into account to correctly compensate atmospheric pressure variations in semibinding basins. This phenomenon has several consequences in HarborWaterside management and in water quality control as shown by the reported case studies and introduces a new reference parameter: the so-calledWater 1000.
    Description: Published
    Description: ID 398956
    Description: 6A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorio
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: meteorological tide waves, Newtonian sea level compensation, tide forecasting, environmental harbours quality ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.02. Equatorial and regional oceanography ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.04. Ocean data assimilation and reanalysis ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.01. Data processing ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.05. Algorithms and implementation
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 19
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    What is a sustainable level of timber consumption in the EU : toward global and EU benchmarks for sustainable forest use (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-07
    Description: Renewable energy targets in the European Union (EU) have raised the demand for timber and are expected to increase dependence on imports. However, EU timber consumption levels are already disproportionally high compared to the rest of the world. The question is, how much timber is available for the EU to sustainably harvest and import, in particular considering sustainable forest management practices, a safe operating space for land-system change, and the global distribution of "common good" resources. This article approaches this question from a supply angle to develop a reference value range for the current as well as future sustainable supply of timber at the EU-27 and global levels. For current supply estimates, national-level data on forest area available for wood supply, productivity in that area, as well as the rate available for harvest were collected and aggregated into three potential supply scenarios. For future supply estimates, a safe operating space scenario halting land use change, a sensitivity analysis, and a literature review were performed. To provide both a comparison of global versus EU sustainable supply capacities and to develop a benchmark toward evaluating and comparing levels of consumption to sustainable supply capacities, per capita calculations were made. Results revealed that the per capita sustainable supply potential of EU forests is estimated to be around three times higher than the global average in 2050. Whether a global or EU reference value is more appropriate for EU policy orientation, considering both strengthened economic and cultural ties to the forest in forest-rich countries as well as the need to prevent problem shifting associated with exporting land demands abroad, is discussed. Further research is needed to strengthen and harmonize data, improve methods for modeling future scenarios and incorporate interdisciplinary and multi-stakeholder perspectives toward the development of robust and politically relevant reference values for sustainable consumption levels.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: article , doc-type:article
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  • 20
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    Common trends in German Bight benthic macrofaunal communities: Assessing temporal variability and the relative importance of environmental variables (2016)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Sea Research, 107, pp. 25-33, ISSN: 13851101
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: We examined long-term variability in the abundance of German Bight soft bottom macro-zoobenthos together with major environmental factors (sea surface temperature, winter NAO index, salinity, phosphate, nitrate and silicate) using one of the most comprehensive ecological long-term data sets in the North Sea (1981–2011). Two techniques, Min/Max Autocorrelation Factor Analysis (MAFA) and Dynamic Factor Analysis (DFA) were used to identify underlying common trends in the macrofaunal time series and the relationships between this series and environmental variables. These methods are particularly suitable for relatively short (〉 15–25 years), non-stationary multivariate data series. Both MAFA and DFA identify a common trend in German Bight macrofaunal abundance i.e. a slight decrease (1981–mid-1990s) followed by a sharp trough in the late 1990s. Subsequently, scores increased again towards 2011. Our analysis indicates that winter temperature and North Atlantic Oscillation were the predominant environmental drivers of temporal variation in German Bight macrofaunal abundance. The techniques applied here are suitable tools to describe temporal fluctuations in complex and noisy multiple time series data and can detect distinct shifts and trends within such time series.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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