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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Device modeling of ferroelectric capacitors (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 6463-6471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A physically based methodology is developed for modeling the behavior of electrical circuits containing nonideal ferroelectric capacitors. The methodology is illustrated by modeling the discrete ferroelectric capacitor as a stacked dielectric structure, with switching ferroelectric and nonswitching dielectric layers. Electrical properties of a modified Sawyer–Tower circuit are predicted by the model. Distortions of hysteresis loops due to resistive losses as a function of input signal frequency are accurately predicted by the model. The effect of signal amplitude variations predicted by the model also agree with experimental data. The model is used as a diagnostic tool to demonstrate that cycling degradation, at least for the sample investigated, cannot be modeled by the formation of nonswitching dielectric layer(s) or the formation of conductive regions near the electrodes, but is consistent with a spatially uniform reduction in the number of switching dipoles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.346845
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quenching of N(2D) by O(3P) (1990)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 92 (1990), S. 4768-4777 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A definitive measurement of the rate coefficient for the quenching of N(2D) by O(3P) is reported. The O(3P) atoms were generated by titrating NO directly into the active nitrogen flow. Analysis of the results required that the rate coefficient for the reaction N(2D)+NO→N2+O be known accurately, and this was also determined. A finite mixing time correction is also necessary. The best estimate of the rate coefficient from this work is (6.9+0.7, −1.1)×10−13 cm3 s−1 at T=298 K, considerably smaller than a previous measurement [J. Phys. Chem. 92, 5977 (1988)] and in much better accord with values required by atmospheric models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.457694
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Branching ratios for infrared vibrational emission from NO(X 2Π,v'=2–13) (1992)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 96 (1992), S. 7555-7563 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ratios of overtone and fundamental vibrational Einstein coefficients for NO(X 2Π) have been measured by spectrally resolved infrared chemiluminescence near 2.7–3.3 μm and 5.2–6.8 μm. The reactions of N(2D,2P) with O2, in the presence of a small background of He in a cryogenic low-pressure reactor, generated vibrationally excited, rotationally cold (60 K) NO(v), whose emission spectra were recorded with high spectral resolution. Least-squares spectral fitting analysis of the observed overtone and fundamental spectra gave vibrational band intensities, whose ratios at each emitting vibrational level v' yielded the (Δv=2)/(Δv=1) Einstein coefficient ratios for v'=2–13. The results provide comparisons to previous theoretical and experimental data, and reflect the behavior of the dipole moment function for NO(X 2Π). The measured ratios indicate an overtone Einstein coefficient A2,0=0.94±0.11 s−1 for an assumed fundamental value A1,0=13.4 s−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.462407
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theory of relativistic backward wave oscillators operating near cutoff (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 1 (1994), S. 730-740 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A numerical model for analyzing backward-wave oscillators (BWOs) operating near the upper edge of the transmission band is presented. The model is used to calculate starting currents for two finite length devices, an X-band BWO (f=8.4 GHz) and a J-band BWO (f=5.5 GHz). The operating frequency and efficiency predicted by the nonlinear numerical simulations are compared with experimental data for each device.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.870818
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Semiconductor nanostructures defined with self-organizing polymers (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 6057-6059 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We describe a technique to create very small semiconductor nanostructures, with sizes far beyond the limit of conventional optical lithography processes, by the use self-assembling diblock copolymers as nanolithographic masks. Quantum structures with very high aspect ratio of 1:10 were fabricated by dry etching. In a first step, so-called diblock copolymer micelles were generated in a toluene solution. These micelles were loaded by a noble-metal salt. After dipping a substrate into this solution, a monolayer of ordered micelles is generated, covering almost the complete surface. After treatment in a hydrogen plasma all of the organic components are removed and only crystalline metal clusters of (approximate)12 nm size remain. This metal cluster mask can be used directly in a chlorine dry etching process to etch cylinders in GaAs and its alloys of In and Al. It is also possible to etch through a quantum well layer underneath the surface in order to produce quantum dots. The resulting nanostructures were investigated by scanning force microscopy, by high resolution transmission electron microscopy, and also by low temperature photoluminescence spectroscopy. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1465117
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Altered Calcium Homeostasis in Cells Transformed by Mitochondria from Individuals with Parkinson's Disease (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 68 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Parkinson's disease may be linked to defects in mitochondrial function. Mitochondrially transformed cells (cybrids) were created from Parkinson's disease patients or disease-free controls. Parkinson's disease cybrids had 26% less complex I activity, but maintained comparable basal calcium and energy levels. Parkinson's disease cybrids recovered from a carbachol-induced increase in cytosolic calcium 53% more slowly than controls even with lanthanum and thapsigargin blockade. Inhibition of complex I with the Parkinson's disease-inducing metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) similarly reduced the rate of recovery after carbachol. This MPP+-induced reduction in recovery rates was much more pronounced in control cybrids than in Parkinson's disease cybrids. Parkinson's disease cybrids had less carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone-releasable calcium. Bypassing complex I with succinate partially restored Parkinson's disease cybrid, and MPP+ suppressed control cybrid recovery rates. The subtle alteration in calcium homeostasis of Parkinson's disease cybrids may reflect an increased susceptibility to cell death under circumstances not ordinarily toxic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68031221.x
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of cutting date and frequency on yield and quality of kudzu in the southern United States (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Grass and forage science 58 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Kudzu [Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi.], a vigorous, perennial warm-season legume, grows widely throughout the south-eastern United States, predominantly as a volunteer species. It is tolerant of drought and acidic, infertile soils and may have potential as a low-input forage for livestock. A field experiment was undertaken to determine the effects of cutting date and frequency on yield and nutritive value of kudzu (20-year-old stand with no fertilizer or lime inputs) in central Georgia. The cutting treatments included an uncut control, and plots cut once (September), twice (July and September), and three times (June, July, and September) during the 1994 growing season. Dry matter (DM) production and forage quality were determined for total herbage, leaf and stem tissues from quadrat samples taken on all plots in June, July, September, and November (after a killing frost) in 1994, and in June, 1995. Total herbage and leaf DM production was highest for the three-harvest system and lowest in the no-cut control plots in 1994, but these results were reversed in the harvest made in 1995. Total herbage production and crude protein concentrations were similar in kudzu cut in the initial summer harvest (either June, July, or September) during the first year. Whole plant and stem in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) in these samples declined throughout the growing season, while leaf IVDMD was unchanged until the first frost. Kudzu has the potential to be a low-input forage for livestock, particularly as supplemental drought feed, or as a protein bank for summer or autumn grazing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.2003.00369.x
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal patterns of diet composition, herbage intake and digestibility identify limitations to performance of weaner sheep grazing native pasture in the Falkland Islands (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Grass and forage science 60 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The botanical composition, intake and digestibility of the diet consumed by 1-year-old weaner sheep grazing a native white grass plant community in the Falkland Islands was measured in five periods between June 1998 and March 1999. Five different sheep were used in each period. Two methods were used for estimating the botanical composition of the diet: plant cuticle patterns in the faeces of the sheep and the patterns of concentrations of n-alkanes in the faeces of sheep. These methods were used to predict the concentrations of C32- and C33-alkanes in the herbage to allow the estimation of herbage intake and digestibility using the n-alkane technique. It was concluded that the n-alkane technique gave more accurate estimates of diet composition based on the comparison with estimates of nutrient intake derived from liveweight gains of sheep. The dominant pasture species, Cortaderia pilosa, was the predominant species consumed during the cooler periods of the year. In the summer, when the highest liveweight gains of sheep occur, the proportion of fine grass species, including Poa spp., Festuca magellanica and Agrostis capillaris, and herbs and sedges in the diet was highest. Herbage intake was the highest during the summer periods when digestibility was also at its peak. Estimated nutritional deficiencies of metabolizable energy, crude protein, phosphorus and vitamin D3 that limit the growth and development of weaner sheep were evident for up to 9 months of the year. Targeted supplementation regimes that counter specific nutrient deficiencies could be developed on the basis of these results to address critical periods in the growth of young sheep.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2005.00484.x
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of Anhydrous Rare Earth Chlorides for Physicochemical Studies1 (1959)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 81 (1959), S. 4449-4451 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01526a003
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elements of Heat Transfer. Third Edition. (1959)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 81 (1959), S. 5266-5267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01528a070
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