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  • 2010-2014  (74)
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Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Se ejecutaron dos campañas de muestreo comprendidas en el período 2008-2009, en una Empresa Comercializadora de Combustible. Se realizó el muestreo de aguas residuales en el drenaje del tanque 10 (denominado Tk A) en la poceta donde tributan los tanques 9, 5 y 7 (denominado Tk B). También en la poceta donde tributan los tanques 8, 2, 3, 4 y 23 (denominado Tk C) de la Empresa Comercializadora de Combustible de Santiago de Cuba, todas ellas vierten a la Bahía de Santiago de Cuba. Se tomaron las muestras líquidas y se preservaron según método normalizado ISO 5667. En el monitoreo sistemático se determinaron los parámetros indicadores de contaminación siguientes: pH, demanda química de oxígeno (DQO), demanda bioquímica de oxígeno (DBO5), sólidos suspendidos totales, hidrocarburos totales, cromo VI, fenoles y sulfuros de acuerdo con los métodos ISO y APHA según el análisis a analizarse. El objetivo de este estudio es el monitoreo ambiental de dicha Empresa de CUPET, con vistas a controlar y establecer su impacto sobre zonas circundantes que en este caso es la Bahía de Santiago de Cuba. En este trabajo se concluye que: Al drenar los tanques los niveles de concentración de la demanda química de oxígeno (DQO), demanda biológica de oxígeno (DBO5), Sólidos suspendidos totales (SST) e hidrocarburos (H/C) fueron superiores a los valores reportados por las normas cubanas y extranjeras para su vertimiento directo al cuerpo receptor, debido a ello, estos residuales deben enviarse a través de sus respectivas canalizaciones a un sistema de tratamiento con las condiciones apropiadas, de modo tal que garanticen un tiempo de residencia adecuado para vaporizar sulfuros, separar H/C, biodegradar materia orgánica, y lograr sedimentar sólidos suspendidos y con ello lograr valores aceptables de sus parámetros antes de ser vertidos a la Bahía de Santiago de Cuba. 1
    Description: monitoreo ambiental, contaminacion, bahia
    Keywords: Environmental monitoring ; Environmental monitoring ; Pollution monitoring
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Preprint
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  • 2
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    In:  [Poster] In: Earth Observation for Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions Science 2014, ESA-ESRIN, 28.-31.10.2014, Frascati, Italy .
    Publication Date: 2015-01-12
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 3
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    In:  [Poster] In: The Challenger Society for Marine Science Conference, 08.-11.09.2014, Plymouth, UK .
    Publication Date: 2015-01-12
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2014-02-05
    Description: Gram-negative bacteria have two lipid membranes separated by a periplasmic space containing peptidoglycan. The surface bilayer, or outer membrane (OM), provides a barrier to toxic molecules, including host cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs). The OM comprises an outer leaflet of lipid A, the bioactive component of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and an inner...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2013-11-16
    Description: Immune tolerance remains the most promising yet elusive strategy for treating immune-mediated diseases. An experimental strategy showing promise in phase 1 clinical studies is the delivery of Ag cross-linked to apoptotic leukocytes using ethylene carbodiimide. This approach originated from demonstration of the profound tolerance-inducing ability of i.v. administered Ag-coupled splenocytes (Ag-SP) in mice, which has been demonstrated to treat T cell–mediated disorders including autoimmunity, allergy, and transplant rejection. Recent studies have defined the intricate interplay between the innate and adaptive immune systems in Ag-SP tolerance induction. Innate mechanisms include scavenger receptor–mediated uptake of Ag-SP by host APCs, Ag representation, and the required upregulation of PD-L1 expression and IL-10 production by splenic marginal zone macrophages leading to Ag-specific T cell regulation via the combined effects of cell-intrinsic anergy and regulatory T cell induction. In this paper, we discuss the history, advantages, current mechanistic understanding, and clinical potential of tolerance induction using apoptotic Ag-coupled apoptotic leukocytes.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1767
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-6606
    Topics: Medicine
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2013-11-06
    Description: Large meteors (or superbolides [Ceplecha Z, et al. (1999) Meteoroids 1998:37–54]), although rare in recorded history, give sobering testimony to civilization’s inherent vulnerability. A not-so-subtle reminder came on the morning of February 15, 2013, when a large meteoroid hurtled into the Earth’s atmosphere, forming a superbolide near the city of...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2013-08-24
    Description: V(D)J recombination is initiated by the RAG endonuclease, which introduces DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) at the border between two recombining gene segments, generating two hairpin-sealed coding ends and two blunt signal ends. ATM and DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) are serine-threonine kinases that orchestrate the cellular responses to DNA DSBs. During V(D)J recombination, ATM and DNA-PKcs have unique functions in the repair of coding DNA ends. ATM deficiency leads to instability of postcleavage complexes and the loss of coding ends from these complexes. DNA-PKcs deficiency leads to a nearly complete block in coding join formation, as DNA-PKcs is required to activate Artemis, the endonuclease that opens hairpin-sealed coding ends. In contrast to loss of DNA-PKcs protein, here we show that inhibition of DNA-PKcs kinase activity has no effect on coding join formation when ATM is present and its kinase activity is intact. The ability of ATM to compensate for DNA-PKcs kinase activity depends on the integrity of three threonines in DNA-PKcs that are phosphorylation targets of ATM, suggesting that ATM can modulate DNA-PKcs activity through direct phosphorylation of DNA-PKcs. Mutation of these threonine residues to alanine (DNA-PKcs 3A ) renders DNA-PKcs dependent on its intrinsic kinase activity during coding end joining, at a step downstream of opening hairpin-sealed coding ends. Thus, DNA-PKcs has critical functions in coding end joining beyond promoting Artemis endonuclease activity, and these functions can be regulated redundantly by the kinase activity of either ATM or DNA-PKcs.
    Print ISSN: 0270-7306
    Electronic ISSN: 1098-5549
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2014-01-29
    Description: The intensity of H $_3^+$ emission can be driven by both temperature and density, and when fitting a set of infrared H $_3^+$ line spectra, an anticorrelation between the fitted temperatures and densities is commonly observed. The ambiguity present in the existing published literature on how to treat this effect puts into question the physical significance of the derived parameters. Here, we examine the nature of this anticorrelation and quantify the inherent uncertainty in the fitted temperature and density that this produces. We find that the uncertainty produced by the H $_3^+$ temperature and density anticorrelation is to a very good approximation equal to the uncertainties that are derived from the fitting procedure invoking Cramer's rule. This means that any previously observed correlated variability in the observed H $_3^+$ temperature and density outside these errors, in the absence of other error sources, are statistically separated and can be considered physical. These results are compared to recent ground-based infrared Keck Near InfRared echelle SPECtrograph (NIRSPEC) observations of H $_3^+$ emission from Saturn's aurora, which show no clear evidence for large-scale radiative cooling, but do show stark hemispheric differences in temperature.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2014-03-15
    Description: Despite being a major health problem, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections remain without specific therapy. Identification of novel host cellular responses that play a role in the pathogenesis of RSV infection is needed for therapeutic development. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response is an evolutionarily conserved cellular signaling cascade that has been implicated in multiple biological phenomena, including the pathogenesis of some viral infections. In this study, we investigate the role of the ER stress response in RSV infection using an in vitro A549 cell culture model. We found that RSV infection induces a non-canonical ER stress response with preferential activation of the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) and activated transcription factor 6 (ATF6) pathways with no concomitant significant activation of the protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK) pathway. Furthermore, we discovered that IRE1 has an inhibitory effect on RSV replication. Our data characterize, for the first time, the nature of the ER stress response in the setting of RSV infection and identify the IRE1 stress pathway as a novel cellular anti-RSV defense mechanism.
    Print ISSN: 0021-9258
    Electronic ISSN: 1083-351X
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2014-03-14
    Description: Fossil fuel combustion has increased atmospheric CO 2 by ≈ 115 µmol mol -1 since 1750, and decreased its carbon isotope composition (δ 13 C) by 1.7-2 ‰ (the 13 C Suess effect). Because carbon is stored in the terrestrial biosphere for decades and longer, the δ 13 C of CO 2 released by terrestrial ecosystems is expected to differ from the δ 13 C of CO 2 assimilated by land plants during photosynthesis. This isotopic difference between land-atmosphere respiration (δ R ) and photosynthetic assimilation (δ A ) fluxes gives rise to the 13 C land disequilibrium (D). Contemporary understanding suggests that over annual and longer time scales, D is determined primarily by the Suess effect, and thus D is generally positive (δ R  〉 δ A ). A seven-year record of biosphere-atmosphere carbon exchange was used to evaluate the seasonality of δ A and δ R , and the 13 C land disequilibrium, in a subalpine conifer forest. A novel isotopic mixing model was employed to determine the δ 13 C of net land-atmosphere exchange during day and night, and combined with tower-based flux observations to assess δ A and δ R . The disequilibrium varied seasonally, and when flux-weighted was opposite in sign than expected from the Suess effect (D = -0.75 ± 0.21 ‰ or -0.88 ± 0.10 ‰ depending on method). Seasonality in D appeared to be driven by photosynthetic discrimination (Δ canopy ) responding to environmental factors. Possible explanations for negative D include: 1) changes in Δ canopy over decades as CO 2 and temperature have risen, and/or 2) post-photosynthetic fractionation processes leading to sequestration of isotopically-enriched carbon in long-lived pools like wood and soil.
    Print ISSN: 0886-6236
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-9224
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geography , Geosciences , Physics
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