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  • 11
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    CTD measurements at lander stations during HE470 in the German Bight (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Data sets contain profiles of temperature, and salinity collected during RV HEINCKE cruise HE470 in August 2016 at two locations in the German Bight: at site NOAHC and site Outer Weser (OW). CTD profiles were taken in parallel to the lander deployment period (https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.919168) from the ship, which was anchored in a distance less than 500 m to the lander locations. CTD sensors were mounted on a microstructure probe. The casts were taken continuously and as fast as possible, resulting in typical measurement intervals of around 3 minutes between individual profiles, covering one to two tidal cycles. Small measurement uncertainties (0.002 mS cm-1 for C, 0.002 K for T) were achieved by regular calibration of the CTD sensors in the lab. Individual profiles are averaged over 10 min and 1 m in the vertical. The vertical reference is 'meter above bed' (mab). Time is UTC.
    Keywords: CTD profiles; German Bight; HE470; HE470/005-1; HE470/031-3; Heincke; Micro structure probe; MSS; NOAH; North Sea; North Sea Observation and Assessment of Habitats; tidal cycle
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 12
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    ADCP current velocity and CTD measurements at lander stations during HE510 in the German Bight (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Data sets contain profiles of horizontal current velocity, temperature, and salinity collected during R/V Heincke cruise HE510 in May 2018 at two locations in the German Bight: at site NOAHC and site Outer Weser (OW). Current velocities were measured by an uplooking 600 kHz RDI ADCP, which was mounted on the SEDOBS lander. ADCP transducers were located 2.2 m above the seabed. The original ping rate (mode 1) was 0.25 s-1, averaging 4 sub-pings. Data is averaged over 10 min. The cell size is 0.3 m, averaged over 1 m intervals. The vertical reference is 'meter above bed' (mab). Time is UTC. Each file contains data of one deployment (location), whereas the lander was deployed for at least 1.5 tidal cycles at each location. CTD profiles were taken during part of the lander deployment period from the anchored ship nearby and are exported on the same grid as the ADCP measurements.
    Keywords: ADCP; B_LANDER; Bottom lander; CTD profiles; current velocity; German Bight; HE510; HE510_24-1; Heincke; NOAH; North Sea; North Sea Observation and Assessment of Habitats; SEDOBS; tidal cycle
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 13
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    Continuous thermosalinograph oceanography along RV MARIA S. MERIAN cruise track MSM112 (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-02
    Description: Underway temperature and salinity data was collected along the cruise track with two autonomous measurement systems. Usually, the systems are changed after 6-12 hours (the intervals changed throughout the cruise from 6 hours to 12 hours). While temperature is taken at the water inlet in about 6.5 m depth, salinity is estimated within the interior measurement container from conductivity and interior temperature. Temperature and salinity were calibrated against CTD data from 7 m depth. For details to all processing steps see Data Processing Report.
    Keywords: Calculated from internal temperature and conductivity; Conductivity; DAM_Underway; DAM Underway Research Data; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Digital oceanographic thermometer, Sea-Bird, SBE 38; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Maria S. Merian; Measurement container; MSM112; MSM112_0_Underway-2; Quality flag, salinity; Quality flag, water temperature; RM ROFI; Salinity; Seadatanet flag: Data quality control procedures according to SeaDataNet (2010); Temperature, water; Temperature, water, internal; Thermosalinograph; Thermosalinograph, Sea-Bird, SBE 45; TSG
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 312183 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 14
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    Processes of Stratification and Destratification During An Extreme River Discharge Event in the German Bight ROFI (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-04
    Description: Processes of stratification and destratification in the German Bight region of fresh water influence (ROFI) are investigated following an extreme river discharge event in June 2013. For this purpose, a high‐resolution baroclinic ocean model is set up and validated against field data. The model results are used to study the temporal and spatial variability of stratification and the duration of persistent stratification in 2013. The relevant processes affecting stratification are investigated by analyzing the potential energy anomaly budget, with a focus on mixing and tidal straining. It is shown that the stratification in the German Bight is highly affected by the spring‐neap tidal cycle, with generally less stratification at spring tides due to dominant tidal mixing. It is also shown that the location of the river plume can modify this pattern. During spring tides, if the river plume is confined to the eastern region, stratification decreases significantly, as expected, due to the dominance of mixing over tidal straining. On the other hand, if the river plume moves toward deeper regions at spring tides, strong tidal straining becomes present. In this condition, mixing is weak, and the dominant tidal straining results in persistent stratification.
    Description: Key Points: Processes impacting the German Bight stratification are investigated using a high‐resolution baroclinic model. The position of the river plume highly affects the contribution of tidal straining and mixing to changes in stratification. Strong tidal straining can result in persistent stratification even during spring tides.
    Description: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347
    Description: German Research Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Description: German Environment Agency http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100010809
    Keywords: 551.46 ; stratification ; tidal‐straining ; mixing ; extreme river discharge ; numerical model ; German Bight ROFI
    Type: article
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 15
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    Interleaving of oxygenized intrusions into the Baltic Sea redoxcline (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-03
    Description: Semi-enclosed marginal seas like the Baltic Sea are often characterized by permanently anoxic deep layers, and may therefore serve as important model systems to study the causes and consequences of the predicted global expansion of oxygen minimum zones. Here, we focus on the role of lateral intrusions in maintaining the “hypoxic transition zone” (HTZ) of the Baltic Sea, which characterizes the quasi-permanent hypoxic region located between the oxygenized surface layer and the sulfidic deep-water region. Based on long-term deployments of an autonomous profiling system in the central Baltic Sea, we show that oxic mid-water intrusions are ubiquitous features, providing the most important oxygen source for the HTZ, and largely control the vertical and lateral extent of the hypoxic areas. An oxygen budget for the HTZ suggests that oxygen turnover in the HTZ is, to first order, determined by a long-term balance between sedimentary oxygen demand and oxygen import by intrusions. The downward mixing of oxygen into the HTZ is generally non-negligible but unlikely to provide a first-order contribution to the HTZ oxygen budget. On the long-term average, mid-water intrusions were shown to inject 30–60 Gmol of oxygen per year into the deep-water region below the permanent halocline. This is approximately one order of magnitude larger than the average amount of oxygen imported during the massive deep-water inflow events (Major Baltic Inflows) that occur on an approximately decadal time scale, highlighting the HTZ as a hotspot for biogeochemical turnover.
    Keywords: 551.46 ; Baltic Sea ; hydrography ; hypoxic transistion zone (HTZ) ; biogeochemical turnover
    Language: English
    Type: map
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
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