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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Cephalopod life cycles (1983-)
    London [u.a.] : Academic Press
    Details Availability
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Book
    Book
    Guide to the identification of North Sea Fish using Premaxillae and Vertebrae (1997)
    [Copenhagen] : Internat. Council for the Exploration of the Sea
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Nordsee ; Fische ; Zwischenkiefer ; Wirbelsäule ; Systematik
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: VII, 231 S , Ill., graph. Darst
    Series Statement: ICES cooperative research report 220
    URL: http://www.gbv.de/dms/tib-ub-hannover/230980074.pdf
    DDC: 597.177/336
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic variation in the neritic squid Loligo forbesi (Myopsida: Loliginidae) in the northeast Atlantic Ocean (1995)
    Springer
    Marine biology 122 (1995), S. 79-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis was employed to investigate levels of genetic differentiation between 13 samples of the neritic squid species Loligo forbesi Steenstrup obtained from throughout the majority of its known geographical range. Six enzyme loci identified in a preliminary study as being polymorphic were screened for variation between samples. No significant differences in allele distribution were detected between any of the samples obtained from the Faroe Bank in the north to Lisbon in the south, suggesting that squid throughout this range in the vicinity of the continental shelf are able to maintain panmixia, and effectively belong to a single population sharing a common gene pool. No clinal variation in allele distribution was detected throughout this range, a result which complements the findings of a detailed morphological companion study of the same individuals. Comparison of this homogenous European continental shelf population with squid from the Azores revealed highly significant (P〈0.01) differences in allele distribution at five of the six polymorphic enzyme loci studied. A genetic identity value (I) equivalent to 0.93 over 33 loci was obtained. Analysis of F-statistics suggested migration rates between sites to be as low as one individual per five generations, a rate deemed insufficient under most models to prevent divergence by random genetic drift. The large distance and oceanic depths separating the Azores from continental Europe seem to present an effective barrier to gene flow to L. forbesi, a squid belonging to a family considered to be confined in distribution to relatively shallow, near coastal waters. The two populations of squid in the Azores and along the European continental shelf currently both ascribed to L. forbesi should therefore probably best be regarded as relative subspecies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00349280
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flexible reproductive strategies in the squid Loligo forbesi (1995)
    Springer
    Marine biology 121 (1995), S. 501-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Body size at sexual maturity, egg-size distributions, and potential reproductive output have been estimated for female and male squid, Loligo forbesi Steenstrup, off the west coast of Scotland. Two size modes at maturity were found in both sexes, but separation into size cohorts was more pronounced in males (180 and 350 mm mantle length, ML). Preliminary ageing studies based on statolith ring-counts suggest that these size modes are not due to different age groups at breeding. Females have a single size mode of mature eggs in the proximal oviduct, but may have at least two size modes of eggs within the ovary. This finding is interpreted as evidence of batch-spawning in this squid. There was a weak relationship between total egg numbers (range 1000 to 16000) and body size (range 196 to 318 mm ML) and between mature egg size and body size. Males showed a strong positive relationship between spermatophore length and body length but a weak relationship between total number of spermatophores and body size. The results are discussed in the context of flexibility of breeding strategies in the loliginids and variety of life-cycle patterns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00349459
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  • 5
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    Multiple paternity within the brood of single females of Loligo forbesi (Cephalopoda:Loliginidae), demonstrated with microsatellite DNA markers (1997)
    InterResearch
    In:  Marine Ecology Progress Series, 160 . pp. 279-282.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-04-21
    Description: Microsatellite DNA markers developed for the squid Loligo forbesi were used to determine the genotype of a series of embryos obtained from egg strings of individual females. The results demonstrate that at least 2 males had been successful in fertilizing the eggs of a single female. The findings are compatible with observations of male competition at mating in other species of loliginid squid. They are discussed in relation to interpretation of specific questions of cephalopod ecology.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.3354/meps160279
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  • 6
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    Populations Indices of Reproduction and Recruitment in Loligo Forbesi (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae) in Scottish and Irish Waters (1997)
    British Ecological Society
    In:  Journal of Applied Ecology, 34 (3). p. 778.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-22
    Description: 1. As a preliminary step towards a fishery management strategy for the squid Loligo forbesi, indices of reproduction, egg production and recruitment were derived for this species in Irish (1991-93) and Scottish (1990-95) waters to give a quantitative estimate of peaks in spawning and fishery recruitment. 2. The indices were derived by combining landings or catch per unit effort (CPUE) data with the estimated proportions of mature squid (reproducers) and immature squid (recruits) to give an index of the number of squid spawning in and recruiting to the fished population each month. 3. The reproductive index peaked between November and December in Irish waters and between December and January in Scottish waters, earlier than predicted by simply examining peaks in the proportion of mature squid. 4. The index of recruitment showed peaks in the autumn in both Irish and Scottish waters, but there was also an additional April peak in Scottish waters. The two periods of recruitment in Scottish waters, together with a decrease in the size of mature females during the spawning season, are not compatible with a single breeding season and possible explanations for this are discussed. 5. By helping to define the timing of the fishing season (to avoid overfishing) and by providing estimates of natural mortality (for assessment of population size), the indices provide important input for population models for fisheries management of squid and short-lived fish species. 6. A possible model for a directed fishery for L. forbesi is proposed. In the model, the start of the fishing season is delayed to prevent growth overfishing and the season curtailed during spawning to prevent recruitment overfishing. However, on the basis of the indices developed here, this leaves only a narrow time window in which such a fishery could operate.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.2307/2404922
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  • 7
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    Correlates of growth and feeding in laboratory-maintained Eledone cirrhosa (Cephalopoda: Octopoda) (1998)
    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 78 (3). pp. 919-932.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-05
    Description: Octopuses ( Eledone cirrhosa (Octopoda: Cephalopoda)) held in an aquarium were subjected to varying conditions of feeding and starvation to evaluate putative indices of feeding and growth. Specific growth rate (%d −1 ) was linearly related to feeding rate (% of the body mass d −1 ) in animals with a mean body mass of 250 g at 15°C. Maximum growth rates varied between 〉 2% d −1 (body weights 〈 300 g) to 〈 1% d −1 (body weights ≤ 900 g) but specific growth rates were not related to body weight. Growth rates became negative (weight loss) after one week without food. The digestive gland index (DGI) was significantly correlated with short and long-term feeding and specific growth rates, and with body weight. Muscle RNA concentration was linearly correlated with growth rate during the previous 1–3 weeks but not with feeding rate. RNA:protein ratios were not different between mid-arm and mantle sample sites but arm tip values were significantly higher. RNA:protein ratio was related to body weight only in feeding animals. It is concluded that DGI is an index of feeding rate and that RNA:protein ratio can be used as an index of recent (~ 4 weeks) growth rate.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1017/S0025315400044878
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  • 8
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    The cephalopod by-catch of deep-water trawling on the Hebrides slope (1998)
    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 78 (3). pp. 1023-1026.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-05
    Description: Deep-water trawling for fish species on the shelf slope off Scotland results in a by-catch of rare cephalopod species. The cirrate octopus Opisthoteuthis grimaldii is normally present below 800 m; at least one other species of cirrate and five species of incirrate octopus are found; significant extensions of range and depth are recorded. An incidental catch of the ommastrephid squid, Todarodes sagittatus , included a fully mature specimen and is indicative of its probable breeding locations. The results highlight the many taxonomic and systematic uncertainties surrounding the rarer cephalopod forms, and emphasize the utility of the fishing by-catch.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1017/S0025315400044982
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  • 9
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    Resolution of multiple cohorts in the Loligo forbesi population from the west of Scotland (1999)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science, 56 (4). pp. 500-509.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-17
    Description: Length–frequency analysis was employed to resolve multiple cohorts in the Loligo forbesi population from coastal waters to the west of Scotland. In both male and female squid two principal cohorts were identified, recruiting to the fished population in April and November. Both cohorts spawned during the winter months (November to April), producing a single extended spawning season, with the April recruits of larger size at spawning than the November recruits. In the males the April recruits appeared to separate into two cohorts of different growth rates, thus producing three rather than two sizes at maturity. The abundance of L. forbesi was low during the summer months, indicating that the squid had moved outside the range of the fishery, perhaps into deeper water. Abundance declined during the spawning season, which is interpreted as post-spawning mortality. Abundance declined earlier in the males than females, producing a female biased sex ratio during most of the spawning season. The two periods of recruitment are not compatible with a 1 year life cycle and single extended spawning season and explanations of this are discussed.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1006/jmsc.1999.0485
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  • 10
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    Factors affecting prey handling in lesser octopus (Eledone cirrhosa) feeding on crabs (Carcinus maenas) (1999)
    Cambridge Univ. Pr.
    In:  Journal of The Marine Biological Association of The United Kingdom, 79 (6). pp. 1085-1090.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: Octopuses (Eledone cirrhosa) feeding on crabs (Carcinus maenus) may penetrate the crab by a carapace borehole or puncture of the eye. In ad libitum feeding trials (632 crabs eaten), 31% of the predated crabs had a punctured eye, 57% had a borehole in the dorsal carapace. Eye puncture and boring occurred together in 6% of cases but 18% were neither punctured nor bored. Feeding trials in which size of prey and size of octopus were controlled showed that the incidence of boreholes was greatest (〉70%) in small crabs (〈50 mm carapace width). Incidence of eye puncture (10% in small crabs) rose to 25% in crabs of over 50 mm carapace width and to over 40% in the largest crabs used (65–80 mm carapace width). Large octopuses used eye puncture less frequently than small octopuses. Increasing the proportion of small crabs in the diet increased the subsequent incidence of carapace boring at all crab sizes. The results are discussed in relation to differences in prey handling efficiency at different prey sizes.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1017/S0025315499001332
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