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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Saint Louis :Elsevier Science & Technology,
    Keywords: Mollusks -- Evolution. ; Mollusks -- Origin. ; Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: FROM THE GENERAL PREFACE: This multivolume work, The Mollusca, had its origins in the mid 1960s with the publication of two volumes entitled Physiology of Mollusca and edited by Wilbur and Yonge. In those volumes, 27 authors collaborated to summarize the status of the conventional topics of physiology as well as biochemistry, reproduction and development, and ecology. Within the past two decades, there has been a remarkable burgeoning of molluscan research generally and with it the development of new fields of investigation. During the same period, several excellent books on molluscs have appeared. However, they do not provide adequate information on the many recent advances or give the breadth of perspective of current knowledge of the phylum. Clearly, there was need for a larger work with a comprehensive treatment of major areas of molluscan research. The Mollusca, as a series of 12 volumes, attempts to fulfill this objective. Even here, practical considerations have meant that certain aspects of molluscan research have not been included. Each major area is treated by several authors, each reviewing his or her special field. The areas are structure and function, metabolic biochemistry, molecular biomechanics, environmental biochemistry, physiology, ecology, reproduction and development, neurobiology and behavior, and evolution. Throughout, the authors have given emphasis to recent advances and present status of molluscan biology. In so doing, directions of future research have become evident. The Mollusca is intended to serve several disciplines--zoology, biochemistry, physiology, and paleontology. It will prove useful to researchers and to all others with interests in molluscs. FROM THE PREFACE TO VOLUME 10: Recent events that have stimulated a great surge of investigation into the evolution of the Mollusca include the discovery of
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (512 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781483289366
    Series Statement: The Mollusca Series ; v.Volume 10
    DDC: 594
    Language: English
    Note: Front Cover -- Evolution -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Contributors -- General Preface -- Preface -- Outline Classification of Mollusca -- Contents of Other Volumes -- Chapter 1. Origin and Diversification of the Mollusca -- I. Introduction -- II. Origin of the Mollusca -- III. The Development of Higher Taxa -- IV. Ultrastructural Evolution of the Molluscan Shell -- V. Classification of Cambrian Molluscs -- VI. Summary and Perspective -- References -- Chapter 2. Early Evolution and the Primitive Groups -- I. Introduction -- II. Basic Organization of the Primitive Groups -- III. Early Evolution of Mollusca -- IV. Final Synopsis -- References -- Chapter 3. Evolution within the Gastropoda: Prosobranchia -- I. Introduction -- II. Basic Organization -- III. Adaptive Radiation -- IV. Evolutionary Processes -- V. Classification -- References -- Chapter 4. Limpets: Evolution and Adaptation -- I. Introduction -- II. Modes of Feeding -- III. Limpet Form and Physical Factors -- IV. Adaptations to Predators -- V. Competition -- VI. Future Research -- References -- Chapter 5. Aspects of Evolution within the Opisthobranchs -- I. Introduction -- II. Origins and Paleontology -- III. Comparative Anatomy and Embryology -- IV. Cytotaxonomy -- V. Discussion of Some Orders -- VI. Possible Phylogenesis of Orders and Organs -- References -- Chapter 6. Origin and Diversification of Pulmonate Land Snails -- I. Introduction -- II. Origin of the Land Pulmonates -- III. Diversification of the Land Pulmonates -- IV. Summary and Prospectus -- References -- Chapter 7. The Early Evolution of Diasome Molluscs -- I. Introduction -- II. Origin of Rostroconchs -- III. Stratigraphy and Evolution of Rostroconchs -- IV. Evolution of Early Paleozoic Pelecypods -- V. Evolution of Scaphopods -- VI. Summary and Perspective -- References. , Chapter 8. Recent Bivalvia: Their Form and Evolution -- I. Introduction -- II. The Class Bivalvia -- III. Subclass Protobranchia -- IV. Subclass Lamellibranchia -- V. Perspective -- References -- Chapter 9. Adaptive Radiation in the Anomalodesmata -- I. Introduction -- II. Classification -- III. Anomalodesmatan Characters -- IV. The Fossil Anomalodesmata -- V. The Extant Superfamilies -- VI. Phylogenetic Origins and Lineages -- VII. Discussion -- References -- Chapter 10. Distribution of Adaptations: A Comparison between the Functional Shell Morphology of Freshwater and Marine Pelecypods -- I. Introduction -- II. Functional Shell Morphology -- III. Shell Form in Freshwater Clams -- IV. Geographical Differences among Regions -- V. Selection in the Freshwater Environment -- VI. Possible Artifacts -- VII. Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Index to Genera -- Subject Index.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    San Diego :Elsevier Science & Technology,
    Keywords: Mollusks. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (382 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781483275529
    Language: English
    Note: Front Cover -- Paleontology and Neontology of Cephalopods -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- General Preface -- Preface -- Dedication -- Contents of Other Volumes -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- References -- Chapter 2. Main Features of Cephalopod Evolution -- I. Introduction -- II. Generalities about Fossil Cephalopods -- III. Classification of Fossil Cephalopods -- IV. The Oldest Cephalopods -- V. The Wanwankou Explosion -- VI. The Eclipse of the Cephalopods in the Latest Cambrian and Their Early Ordovician Revival -- VII. The Arenigian (Middle Canadian) Explosion -- VIII. Middle Ordovician Acme -- IX. Post-Middle Ordovician Patterns -- X. Origin of Ammonoids -- XI. Later Paleozoic Cephalopods -- XII. Mesozoic Patterns -- XIII. Fossil Coleoidea -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 3. Fossil "Octopods"- A Critical Review -- I. Introduction -- II. Fossil Specimens -- IIl. Discussion -- IV. Summary and Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 4. The Gladius in Coleoid (Cephalopoda) Evolution -- I. Introduction -- II. Early Coleoids -- III. Archaic "Squids -- IV. Plesioteuthis: The First Modern Squid? -- V. The Gladius in Recent Teuthids -- VI. Evolution of Recent Teuthid Diversity -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 5. The Buccal Mass of Fossil and Recent Cephalopoda -- I. Introduction -- II. Mouthparts of Recent Cephalopoda -- III. Mouthparts of Fossil Cephalopoda -- IV. Discussion -- V. Summary and Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 6. Beaks of Living Coleoid Cephalopoda -- I. Introduction -- II. Evolution of Structural Features -- III. Evolution of Shape -- IV. Conclusions -- V. Summary and Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 7. Cephalopod Hooks, Both Recent and Fossil -- I. Introduction -- II. Fossil Hooks -- III. Hooks of Recent Coleoids. , IV. Evolution of the Hook -- V. Discussion -- VI. Summary and Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 8. Statoliths of Fossil Coleoid Cephalopods -- I. Introduction -- II. General Description -- III. Cenozoic Statoliths -- IV. Jurassic Statoliths -- V. General Conclusions -- VI. Summary and Perspectives -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 9. Statoliths from Living Species of Cephalopods and Evolution -- I. Introduction -- II. Statolith Structure and Form -- III. Variation in Shape of the Decapod Statolith -- IV. Function and Form -- V. Evolution of Statoliths -- VI. Summary and Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 10. Cephalopod Development and Evolutionary Concepts -- I. Introduction -- II. Process of Development -- III. Homologies with Other Mollusca -- IV. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 11. Evolution of Buoyancy and Locomotion in Recent Cephalopods -- I. Introduction -- II. Methods of Maintaining Position in Midwater -- III. Evolution -- IV. Conclusions -- V. Summary and Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 12. Evolution of the Cephalopod Brain -- I. Introduction -- II. Structure and Function -- III. Evolution of the Cephalopod Brain -- References -- Chapter 13. Evolution of the Cephalopod Statocyst -- I. Introduction -- II. Structure and Function -- III. Evolution of Statocysts -- References -- Chapter 14. Photophore Structure and Evolution within the Enoploteuthinae (Cephalopoda) -- I. Introduction -- II. Structure of Integumental Photophores -- III. Discussion -- IV. Summary and Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 15. Evolution and Phylogenetic Relationships of Deep-Sea Octopods (Cirrata and Incirrata) -- I. Introduction -- II. Modifications for Life in the Deep Sea -- III. The Cirrates -- IV. The Incirrates -- V. General Evolutionary Considerations -- Acknowledgments -- References. , Chapter 16. Generic Interrelationships within the Ommastrephidae (Cephalopoda) -- I. Introduction -- II. Selected Characters -- III. Discussion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 17. Evolution of the Cephalopod Family Cranchiidae (Oegopsida) -- I. Introduction -- II. Intergeneric Relationships -- III. Biogeography -- IV. Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- Note Added in Proof -- References -- Chapter 18. Mediterranean Cephalopod Fauna -- I. Introduction -- II. Gross Morphology of the Mediterranean and Faunal Exchange -- III. Numerical Representation of Cephalopod Taxa in the Mediterranean -- IV. Species Records and Geographic Distribution -- V. Origins and Dispersion of the Fauna -- VI. Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 19. Evolution of Recent Cephalopods- A Brief Review -- I. Introduction -- II. The Major Groups -- III. Family Relationships -- IV. Subfamily Relationships -- V. Conclusions and Prospects -- References -- Index to Genera -- Subject Index.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    San Diego :Elsevier Science & Technology,
    Keywords: Mollusks. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (535 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781483289373
    Series Statement: The Mollusca Series ; v.Volume 11
    Language: English
    Note: Front Cover -- Form and Function -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- General Preface -- Preface -- C. M. Yonge: A Tribute -- Contents of Other Volumes -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- I. Molluscan Characters -- II. Molluscan Origins -- III. The Skin -- IV. The Foot -- V. The Shell -- VI. Body Cavities and the Circulatory System -- VII. Summary -- References -- Chapter 2. Molluscan Skin (excluding Cephalopods) -- I. Introduction and Perspectives -- II. Structure of the Epidermis -- III. Functional Activities of the Epidermis -- IV. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3. The Skin of Cephalopods (Coleoids): General and Special Adaptations -- I. Introduction and Perspectives -- II. General -- III. Other Special Structures -- IV. The Skin as a Barrier -- V. Behavior: The Skin as an Organ of Expression and Concealment -- References -- Chapter 4. Shell Structure -- I. Introduction -- II. Outer Shell Layer (Periostracum) -- III. Inner Shell Layers -- IV. Tubulation -- V. Hinge System -- VI. Distribution of Shell Structures -- VII. Structure of Organic Matrix -- VIII. Cephalopod Shell Structure -- IX. Eggshells -- X. Larval Shell -- References -- Chapter 5. Adaptive Morphology of the Shell in Bivalves and Gastropods -- I. Introduction and Perspectives -- II. Locomotion -- III. Fixation and Stability -- IV. Thwarting Predation -- V. Feeding and Respiration -- VI. Reproduction -- VII. Evolutionary Convergence -- References -- Chapter 6. Form and Function of the Nautilus Shell: Some New Perspectives -- I. Introduction -- II. Shell Morphology -- References -- Chapter 7. Functional Morphology and Adaptive Patterns of the Teuthoid Gladius -- I. Summary and Perspectives -- II. Introduction -- III. Chemical Composition -- IV. Adaptive Patterns of Functional Morphology -- V. Fin Support -- VI. Sexual Dimorphism -- VII. Other Functions -- References. , Chapter 8. Shell Form and Strength -- I. Perspectives -- II. Mechanical Properties of Molluscan Shell Materials -- III. Shell Architecture -- References -- Chapter 9. The Arrangement and Function of Molluscan Muscle -- I. Introduction -- II. Mechanics of Hydrostatic Skeletons -- III. Examples of Muscular-Hydrostats -- IV. Hydrostatic Skeletons with Extensive Fluid-Filled Cavities -- V. Summary and Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 10. The Pallial Cavity -- I. Introduction -- II. Early Evolution -- III. Gastropoda -- IV. Scaphopoda -- V. Bivalvia -- References -- Chapter 11. The Mantle Muscle and Mantle Cavity of Cephalopods -- I. Introduction -- II. The Mantle Cavity of Nautilus -- III. The Mantle Cavity in Coleoids -- References -- Chapter 12. The Structure and Function of Molluscan Digestive Systems -- I. Introduction -- II. Caudofoveata -- III. Solenogastres -- IV. Placophora -- V. Tryblidiida -- VI. Gastropoda -- VII. Scaphopoda -- VIII. Bivalvia -- IX. Siphonopoda -- X. Comparative Analysis -- XI. Conclusions and Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 13. Excretory Systems of Molluscs -- I. Introduction -- II. Monoplacophora -- III. Polyplacophora -- IV. Aplacophora -- V. Scaphopoda -- VI. Bivalvia -- VII. The Descendants of Cyclomyan Monoplacophorans -- VIII. Cephalopoda -- IX. Gastropoda -- X. The Site of Filtration in Gastropods -- XI. Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 14. Luminescent Organs -- I. Introduction -- II. Gastropoda -- III. Bivalvia -- IV. Cephalopoda -- V. Conclusions and Perspectives -- References -- Index to Genera -- Subject Index.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The stomach of a 10.2 m (34 ft) male sperm whale which became stranded at Rio Grande do Sul near Rio Grande, Brazil contained 227 upper cephalopod beaks and 255 lower cephalopod beaks. The lower beaks were identified and measured. Beaks of 14 species belonging to 9 families are present. Lower, rostral lengths are compared with those of the same species collected from stomachs of whales killed off South Africa and in the Antarctic. Estimates of the weight of flesh of the various species represented by beaks are made. Two ommastrephid species are estimated to contribute 33.1% of the weight of flesh represented by beaks while the octopoteuthids contribute 28.3% and the Onychoteuthids 18.5%. Three Antarctic species in the stomach show that the whale had migrated from south of Lat. 40°S prior to being caught and had not eaten much food during the journey which would probably have taken him more than 5 d.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 59 (1980), S. 241-246 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Of 379 cephalopod beaks sampled from stomachs of 20 sperm whales caught to the west of Vancouver Island, Canada, 152 beaks were sorted and measured. Thirteen types of beak were identified as belonging to eleven families. The most numerous species represented are Berryteuthis magister and Moroteuthis robusta comprising 28.9 and 24.3% respectively. These species were estimated to comprise 17.6 and 61.9% respectively of the weight of flesh represented by beaks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 96 (1987), S. 1-10 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cephalopod beaks from the stomach contents of “wandering albatross” (Diomedea exulans L.) chicks from Bird Island, South Georgia, were sampled between May and September in 1983 and 1984. Lower beaks were identified and measured, and allometric data were used to calculated mantle length and biomass of the species consumed. A total of 3421 lower beaks were examined, representing 35 species in the 1983 sample and 45 species in the 1984 sample. Eight of the twenty families contributed over 95% of the biomass. In 1984 there were less Onychoteuthidae and more Ommastrephidae than in 1983 and a decrease in the number of species known to occur south of the Antarctic Polar Front. There was a difference in the size-frequency distribution of the cephalopod diet in the two years; in 1984 there was a higher frequency of intermediate-sized specimens, reflecting the greater importance of ommastrephids, especially Illex sp. The energy content of cephalopods in 1984 may have been greater than in 1983. Serial sampling of cephalopod beaks during the austral winter did not reveal evidence of growth. By the age of 200 d, wandering albatross chicks have consumed a total of approximately 100 kg wet weight of cephalopods each.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Cyst ; Retroperitoneum ; Bronchogenic Cyst ; Phaeochromocytoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Bronchogenic cysts are relatively rare congenital anomalies that represent malformations of the embryonic foregut and are morphologically expressed as maldevelopments of the respiratory system. Anatomically, they can be positioned at any location along the central axis of the respiratory system, but are more commonly discovered in the thorax. Infradiaphragmatic bronchogenic cysts are rare and retroperitoneal ones distinctly unusual. We report a retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst clinically masquerading as a phaeochromocytoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis was employed to investigate levels of genetic differentiation between 13 samples of the neritic squid species Loligo forbesi Steenstrup obtained from throughout the majority of its known geographical range. Six enzyme loci identified in a preliminary study as being polymorphic were screened for variation between samples. No significant differences in allele distribution were detected between any of the samples obtained from the Faroe Bank in the north to Lisbon in the south, suggesting that squid throughout this range in the vicinity of the continental shelf are able to maintain panmixia, and effectively belong to a single population sharing a common gene pool. No clinal variation in allele distribution was detected throughout this range, a result which complements the findings of a detailed morphological companion study of the same individuals. Comparison of this homogenous European continental shelf population with squid from the Azores revealed highly significant (P〈0.01) differences in allele distribution at five of the six polymorphic enzyme loci studied. A genetic identity value (I) equivalent to 0.93 over 33 loci was obtained. Analysis of F-statistics suggested migration rates between sites to be as low as one individual per five generations, a rate deemed insufficient under most models to prevent divergence by random genetic drift. The large distance and oceanic depths separating the Azores from continental Europe seem to present an effective barrier to gene flow to L. forbesi, a squid belonging to a family considered to be confined in distribution to relatively shallow, near coastal waters. The two populations of squid in the Azores and along the European continental shelf currently both ascribed to L. forbesi should therefore probably best be regarded as relative subspecies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Confusion abounds regarding the relative generic status of many member species of the squid family Loliginidae. A taxonomie reorganisation within the family has been proposed in whichLoligo species from the Indo-Pacific possessing photophores on the ink sac, includingLogligo edulis andLoligo chinensis, are removed to the newly created genusPhotololigo. This system of classification has not however gained general acceptance, and some authors have continued to refer to these species asLoligo. Here biochemical genetic data gathered using allozyme electrophoresis are presented supporting the assertion thatL. edulis andL. chinensis should indeed be positioned in a genus distinct from that characterised by the type speciesLoligo vulgaris vulgaris. Cluster analysis of allele frequency data from 22 putative enzyme-coding loci suggests thatL. edulis andL. chinensis are as genetically distant fromL. vulgaris vulgaris as are members of the confamilial generaAlloteuthis, Uroteuthis andSepioteuthis, and as such warrant separate generic status. We conclude that the genusPhotololigo is valid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 104 (1990), S. 353-362 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cephalopod remains were collected, at regular intervals throughout the fledging period, from the stomach contents of chicks of the grey-headed albatrossDiomedea chrysostoma at Bird Island, South Georgia, in 1984 and 1986 and from regurgitations of adults at the nest in 1986. The 1984 sample was taken during a season characterised by abnormal local oceanographic conditions in which the breeding success was very low; in 1986 conditions were normal and breeding success was high. Cephalopod beaks (289 from adults; 5 651 from chicks) were identified, and allometric equations were used to estimate the biomass represented. Five cephalopod species belonging to five families (Gonatidae, Onychoteuthidae, Psychroteuthidae, Ommastrephidae and Cranchiidae) contributed 98% by number and 97% of the biomass fed to chicks. The most important species was the ommastrephidMartialia hyadesi, contributing 68.9 to 77.4% by number and 72.5 to 79.3% of the total biomass fed to chicks. The relative proportions of cephalopod species in the chicks' diet were similar between 1984 and 1986, but the total number and biomass was significantly less in 1984. There is evidence of growth ofM. hyadesi between January and June.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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