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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Entropy and the Time Evolution of Macroscopic Systems. (2008)
    Oxford :Oxford University Press, Incorporated,
    Details
    Keywords: Entropy -- Statistical methods. ; Entropy (Information theory). ; Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: The book explicates the concept of entropy, particularly its governance of all of thermal physics, over a broad range of equilibrium and nonequilibrium phenomena. Historical development and modern research are presented in the context of entropy as a fundamental element of probability theory and its relation to the notion of information.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (224 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9780191562952
    Series Statement: International Series of Monographs on Physics Series ; v.141
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=694011
    DDC: 536/.73
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Heat -- 1.2 The emergence of entropy -- 1.3 Classical thermodynamics -- 1.4 Is there a deeper interpretation? -- 2 Some clarification from another direction -- 2.1 Information and physics -- 3 The probability connection -- 3.1 The principle of maximum entropy -- 4 Equilibrium statistical mechanics and thermodynamics -- 4.1 The meaning of maximum entropy -- 4.2 Fluctuations -- 4.3 A mischaracterization -- 5 The presumed extensivity of entropy -- 6 Nonequilibrium states -- 6.1 The linear approximation -- 6.2 Simple fluids -- 6.3 A transport example -- 6.4 Inhomogeneous systems -- 6.5 Some reflection -- 7 Steady-state processes -- 7.1 Steady-state transport processes in simple fluids -- 8 Sources and time-dependent processes -- 8.1 Equation of motion revisited -- 9 Thermal driving -- 9.1 Nonequilibrium thermodynamics -- 9.2 Linear heating -- 9.3 A special case: linear dynamic response -- 10 Application to fluid dynamics -- 10.1 Hydrodynamic fluctuations -- 10.2 Fluid dynamics equations of motion -- 10.3 The onset of turbulence -- 10.4 Ultrasonic propagation -- 10.5 Correlations in nonequilibrium fluids -- 11 Irreversibility, relaxation, and the approach to equilibrium -- 11.1 Irreversibility -- 11.2 The second law -- 11.3 Is time asymmetry an issue? -- 11.4 Relaxation and the approach to equilibrium -- 12 Entropy production and dissipation rates -- 12.1 The statistical mechanics formulation -- Appendix A: Perturbation theory -- A.1 Fluid equations of motion -- A.2 Operator identities -- Appendix B: Dissipative currents and Galilean invariance -- B.1 Galilean invariance -- Appendix C: Analytic continuation of covariance functions -- References -- Name Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- V -- W -- Y -- Z -- Subject Index -- A -- B. , C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Introduction to Electrodynamics and Radiation. (1970)
    San Diego :Elsevier Science & Technology,
    Details
    Keywords: Quantum field theory. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (301 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9780323156950
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=1173936
    DDC: 537.6
    Language: English
    Note: Front Cover -- Introduction to Electrodynamics and Radiation -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter I. The Special Theory of Relativity -- A. Newtonian Physics -- B. Inclusion of the Electromagnetic Field -- C. Resolution of the Problem -- D. Some Consequences of Special Relativity -- Problems -- References -- General References -- Chapter II.Tensor Analysis and TV-Dimensional Geometry -- A. N-Dimensional Spaces and Their Transformations -- B. Scalars, Vectors, and Tensors -- C. Riemannian Geometry -- D. Tensor Calculus -- E. Pseudotensors -- Problems -- References -- General References -- Chapter III. Space-Time of Special Relativity -- A. Space-Time -- B. Relativistic Classical Mechanics -- Problems -- References -- Chapter IV. The Covariance of Classical Electrodynamics -- A. Four-Vectors of Electrodynamics -- B. Charged Particles and Conservation Laws -- C. Potentials and Fields of Charged Particles -- Problems -- References -- Chapter V. Radiation from Charged Particles -- A. Accelerated Charges -- B. Frequency and Angular Distributions of Radiation -- C. Čerenkov Radiation -- D. Transition Radiation -- Problems -- References -- Chapter VI. Scattering Processes -- A. Bremsstrahlung -- B. Radiation Scattering from Electrons -- C. Summary -- Problems -- References -- Chapter VII. The Classical Electron -- A. Classical Theory of Charged Particles -- B . The Relativistic Electron -- C. Applications of the Theory -- Problems -- References -- Chapter VIII. Canonical Formulation of Classical Electrodynamics -- A. The Pure Radiation Field -- B. Field and Particles Combined -- Problems -- References -- Chapter IX. Quantization of the Radiation Field -- A. Direct Quantization -- B. Photons -- C. Coherent Photon States -- Problems -- References -- Chapter X. The Quantum Mechanics of N-Particle Systems. , A. Indentical Particles -- B. The Number Representation -- C. Fock Space -- Problems -- References -- Chapter XI. Methods of Calculation -- A. Coupled System of Radiation and Charged Particles -- B. The Calculational Problem -- C. The Interaction Picture -- D. Diagrammatic Analysis of Electrodynamic Processes -- Problems -- References -- Chapter XII. Application to Classical Processes -- A. Thomson Scattering -- B. Nonrelativistic Bremsstrahlung -- C. Coulomb Scattering -- Problems -- References -- Chapter XIII. Quantum Mechanical Processes -- A. Photon Emission and Absorption -- B. The Atomic Photoelectric Effect -- C. Scattering of Light from Atoms -- Problems -- References -- Chapter XIV. Self-Energies and Renormalization -- A. Higher-Order Calculations -- B. Self-Energy of the Electron -- Problems -- References -- Chapter XV. Radiative Corrections and the Infrared Problem -- A. The Lamb Shift -- B. Radiative Corrections to Thomson Scattering -- C. Radiative Corrections to Coulomb Scattering -- Problems -- References -- Chapter XVI. Covariant Quantum Electrodynamics -- A. Manifestly Covariant Formulation of QED -- B. Relativistic Forms of Some Previous Results -- C. Some Inherently Relativistic Processes -- D. Conceptual Problems and the Validity of QED -- References -- Appendix A. The Covariant Derivative -- References -- Appendix B. Ground State of the Many-Electron System -- References -- Appendix C. The Quantum Theory of Scattering -- References -- Index.
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  • 3
    Article
    Article
    Rift zone reorganization through flank instability in ocean island volcanoes: an example from Tenerife, Canary Islands, (2005)
    Associated volumes
    Details Availability
    In: Bulletin of volcanology, Berlin : Springer, 1986, 67(2005), Seite 281-291, 0258-8900
    In: volume:67
    In: year:2005
    In: pages:281-291
    Type of Medium: Article
    ISSN: 0258-8900
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Managing collaborative research data for integrated, interdisciplinary environmental research (2020)
    Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-08
    Description: The consistent management of research data is crucial for the success of long-term and large-scale collaborative research. Research data management is the basis for efficiency, continuity, and quality of the research, as well as for maximum impact and outreach, including the long-term publication of data and their accessibility. Both funding agencies and publishers increasingly require this long term and open access to research data. Joint environmental studies typically take place in a fragmented research landscape of diverse disciplines; researchers involved typically show a variety of attitudes towards and previous experiences with common data policies, and the extensive variety of data types in interdisciplinary research poses particular challenges for collaborative data management. In this paper, we present organizational measures, data and metadata management concepts, and technical solutions to form a flexible research data management framework that allows for efficiently sharing the full range of data and metadata among all researchers of the project, and smooth publishing of selected data and data streams to publicly accessible sites. The concept is built upon data type-specific and hierarchical metadata using a common taxonomy agreed upon by all researchers of the project. The framework’s concept has been developed along the needs and demands of the scientists involved, and aims to minimize their effort in data management, which we illustrate from the researchers’ perspective describing their typical workflow from the generation and preparation of data and metadata to the long-term preservation of data including their metadata.
    Description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Keywords: ddc:550.2 ; Research data management ; Interdisciplinary environmental research ; Metadata ; Taxonomy
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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  • 5
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    Experimental study of the interplay between magmatic rift intrusion and flank instability with application to the 2001 Mount Etna eruption (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: Mount Etna volcano is subject to transient magmatic intrusions and flank movement. The east flank of the edifice, in particular, is moving eastward and is dissected by the Timpe Fault System. The relationship of this eastward motion with intrusions and tectonic fault motion, however, remains poorly constrained. Here we explore this relationship by using analogue experiments that are designed to simulate magmatic rift intrusion, flank movement, and fault activity before, during, and after a magmatic intrusion episode. Using particle image velocimetry allows for a precise temporal and spatial analysis of the development and activity of fault systems. The results show that the occurrence of rift intrusion episodes has a direct effect on fault activity. In such a situation, fault activitymay occur or may be hindered, depending on the interplay of fault displacement and flank acceleration in response to dike intrusion. Our results demonstrate that a complex interplaymay exist between an active tectonic fault system and magmatically induced flank instability. Episodes of magmatic intrusion change the intensity pattern of horizontal flank displacements andmay hinder or activate associated faults. We further compare our results with the GPS data of the Mount Etna 2001 eruption and intrusion. We find that syneruptive displacement rates at the Timpe Fault System have differed from the preeruptive or posteruptive periods, which shows a good agreement of both the experimental and the GPS data. Therefore, understanding the flank instability and flank stability at Mount Etna requires consideration of both tectonic and magmatic forcing.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5356-5368
    Description: 1V. Storia e struttura dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: analogue models ; strain ; stress ; eruption ; flank dynamics ; GPS ; faults ; Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.08. Theory and Models
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
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    Structural features of Panarea volcano in the frame of the Aeolian Arc (Italy): Implications for the 2002–2003 unrest (2009)
    Elsevier Ltd
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Panarea, characterized by gas unrest in 2002–2003, is the volcanic island with the least constrained structure in the eastern-central Aeolian Arc (Italy). Based on structural measurements, we define here its deformation pattern relative to the Arc. The main deformations are subvertical extension fractures (63% of data), normal faults (25%) and dikes (12%). The mean orientation of the extension fractures and faults is ∼N38◦E, with a mean opening direction of N135◦ ±8◦, implying extension with a moderate component of dextral shear. These data, matched with those available for Stromboli volcano (pure opening) and Vulcano, Lipari and Salina volcanoes (predominant dextralmotions) along the eastern-central Arc, suggest a progressivewestward rotation of the extension direction and an increase in the dextral shear. The dextral shear turns into compression in the western arc. The recent unrest at Panarea, coeval to that of nearby Stromboli, may also be explained by the structural context, as both volcanoes lie along the portion of the Arc subject to extension.
    Description: Protezione Civile, project INGV-DPC-V2
    Description: Published
    Description: 288-292
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei vulcani ed evoluzione dei magmi
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Panarea ; Aeolian Arc ; fault ; dike ; 2002-2003 unrest ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.08. Volcanic arcs ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 7
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    Simultaneous magma and gas eruptions at three volcanoes in southern Italy: an earthquake trigger? (2008)
    Geological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-03
    Description: In September 2002, a series of tectonic earthquakes occurred north of Sicily, Italy, followed by three events of volcanic unrest within 150 km. On October 28, 2002, Mt. Etna erupted; on November 3, 2002, submarine degassing occurred near Panarea Island; and on December 28, 2002, Stromboli Island erupted. All of these events were considered unusual: the Mt. Etna NE-rift eruption was the largest in 55 yr, the Panarea degassing was one of the strongest ever detected there, and the Stromboli eruption, which produced a landslide and tsunami, was the largest effusive eruption in 17 yr. Here, we investigate the synchronous occurrence of these clustered unrest events, and develop a possible explanatory model. We compute short-term earthquake-induced dynamic strain changes and compare them to long-term tectonic effects. Results suggest that the earthquake-induced strain changes exceeded annual tectonic strains by at least an order of magnitude. This agitation occurred in seconds, and may have induced fluid and gas pressure migration within the already active hydrothermal and magmatic systems.
    Description: In press
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: 4.2. TTC - Scenari e mappe di pericolosità sismica
    Description: 4.3. TTC - Scenari di pericolosità vulcanica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: earthquake trigger ; magma and gas eruptions ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 8
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    Feedback processes between magmatic events and flank movement at Mount Etna (Italy) during the 2002-2003 eruption (2005)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The 2002–2003 Mount Etna eruption and the associated deformation provide a unique possibility to study the relationships between volcanism and volcano instability. The sequence started with movement of the eastern volcano flank and was associated with earthquakes and the formation of surface ruptures. Then the eruption occurred from fissures at the north and south rift zones and was followed by additional flank movement, seismic swarms, and surface ruptures. The overall area of flank movement implicated more than 700 km2. In this paper we investigate how episodes of magmatic events (eruptions and intrusions) and flank movement interact. In three-dimensional numerical models we simulate the volcano-tectonic events and calculate changes in the static stress field. The models suggest that the 2002–2003 events are the result of interrelated processes consisting of (1) the preeruptive intrusion of magma and inflation of the volcano, which induced (2) the movement of the volcano east flank, (3) facilitated the eruption, and (4) led to the slip of a much larger part of the eastern and southeastern flanks. Understanding the precise interconnectivity of these processes may help to forecast the behavior during future volcanic crisis at Mount Etna, which is crucial in minimizing volcanic and seismic hazards on the highly populated eastern sector of the volcano.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-12
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Mount Etna ; flank instability ; volcano deformation ; volcano-tectonic interaction ; elastic stress field modeling ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Format: 490 bytes
    Format: 2262915 bytes
    Format: text/html
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
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    Simultaneous magma and gas eruptions at three volcanoes in southern Italy: An earthquake trigger? (2009)
    The Geological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In September 2002, a series of tectonic earthquakes occurred north of Sicily, Italy, followed by three events of volcanic unrest within 150 km. On 28 October 2002, Mount Etna erupted; on 3 November 2002, submarine degassing occurred near Panarea Island; and on 28 December 2002, Stromboli Island erupted. All of these events were considered unusual: the Mount Etna northeast-rift eruption was the largest in 55 yr; the Panarea degassing was one of the strongest ever detected there; and the Stromboli eruption, which produced a landslide and tsunami, was the largest effusive eruption in 17 yr. Here we investigate the synchronous occurrence of these clustered events, and develop a possible explanatory model. We compute short-term earthquake-induced dynamic strain changes and compare them to long-term tectonic effects. Results suggest that the earthquake-induced strain changes exceeded annual tectonic strains by at least an order of magnitude. This agitation occurred in seconds, and may have induced fluid and gas pressure migration within the already active hydrothermal and magmatic systems.
    Description: This study was partly funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (WA 1642/1-4), and Protezione Civile, project INGV-DPC-V2.
    Description: Published
    Description: 251-254
    Description: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: 4.2. TTC - Scenari e mappe di pericolosità sismica
    Description: 4.3. TTC - Scenari di pericolosità vulcanica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: simultaneous magma eruptions ; earthquake trigger ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.02. Earthquake interactions and probability ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 10
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    Freshwater fishes of Connecticut (2021)
    State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection | Hartford, CT
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/2069 | 350 | 2015-04-28 20:44:43 | 2069
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-11
    Description: (PDF contains 135 pages)
    Description: Originally published 1968, reprinted 1976
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Biology ; freshwater fishes ; Connecticut
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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