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  • 1
    Article
    Article
    Rift zone reorganization through flank instability in ocean island volcanoes: an example from Tenerife, Canary Islands, (2005)
    Associated volumes
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    In: Bulletin of volcanology, Berlin : Springer, 1986, 67(2005), Seite 281-291, 0258-8900
    In: volume:67
    In: year:2005
    In: pages:281-291
    Type of Medium: Article
    ISSN: 0258-8900
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Block versus continuum deformation in the Western United States
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Earth and Planetary Science Letters 128 (1994), S. 55-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 0012-821X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(94)90134-1
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tumor induction and prophylaxis following different forms of intestinal urinary diversion in a rat model (1995)
    Springer
    Urological research 23 (1995), S. 365-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Urinary diversion ; Carcinoma induction ; Carcinoma prophylaxis ; Ileal interposition ; Urointestinal anastomosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Eighty Wistar rats were randomized into two groups. In group 1 vesicosigmoidostomy with proximal colostomy was performed, in group 2, vesicosigmoidostomy. The total tumor incidence did not differ significantly (group 1 10/40, 25%; group 2 13/40, 32.5%). The tumor spectrum differed, with more adenocarcinomas in group 2 (11/40, 27.5% vs 4/40, 10%;P=0.047) and urothelial carcinomas only in group 1 (5/40, 2.5%). One hundred and ten other Wistar rats were randomized into three groups. Animals in group A received vesicoileosigmoidostomy, group B, two-step vesicosigmoidostomy with initial separation of urine and the urocolonic anastomosis, group C, vesicosigmoidostomy. Significantly fewer adenocarcinomas were observed in group A (2/40, 5%) than in group B (16/40, 40%,P〈0.002) and group C (9/30, 30%;P〈0.007). These results indicate a similar cancer risk in all continent forms of urinary diversion, at least via colon. Ileal interposition seems to be an effective carcinoma prophylaxis following ureterosigmoidostomy. The proliferative instability at the urointestinal anastomosis is crucial for the pathogenesis and prophylaxis of this form of carcinogenesis, whereas urine seems to play only a minor role.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00698735
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Therapeutic efficacy of two different cytostatic-linked phosphonates in combination with razoxane in the transplantable osteosarcoma of the rat (1990)
    Springer
    Clinical & experimental metastasis 8 (1990), S. 345-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7276
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two new compounds, 4-[4-[bis-(2-chloroethyl)-amino-]phenyl]-1-hydroxybutane-1,1-bisphosphonic acid (BAD) and aminotris-(methylenephosphonato)diamminoplatinum(ii) (ADP) that both have cytostatic and osteotropic properties, have shown good therapeutic efficacy against an osteosarcoma which metastasizes and kills by lung metastases. We therefore combined each of these drugs with the antimetastatic agent razoxane. Razoxane (20 mg/kg i.p., 5 days/week for 6 weeks) was administered in combination with either BAD (30 mg/kg i.p.) or ADP (37·5 mg/kg i.v.) twice weekly for 3 weeks. Tumour volumes, body weight, survival time and occurrence of metastases were recorded, in addition to the measurement of the metastasis area compared to the total lung area in serial histological lung samples. In both experiments, razoxane effected a significant increase in life span while being ineffective in tumour inhibition. Razoxane in combination with BAD displayed an enhanced anticancer activity which was not significant. ADP had a good antineoplastic activity and a large increase in survival time (144 per cent I LS). Razoxane used in combination with ADP did not influence antitumour efficacy. Median survivals of both ADP-treated groups were significantly longer than the razoxane-treated group. Analysis of the lung metastasis area showed a maximum of 57 per cent for the controls while all treated groups occupied a lesser area. The lowest metastases area was found with the combination treatment BAD + RAZ (18 per cent). This was considered an antimetastatic effect, while ADP treatment effected a time delay only. No change in metastatic pattern was observed in any of the treatment groups. Histological examination showed no effect on the capillaries in the proliferating region of the tumours that could account for the lower occurrence of metastases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01810680
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  • 5
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    Rift zone reorganization through flank instability in ocean island volcanoes: an example from Tenerife, Canary Islands (2005)
    Springer
    In:  Bulletin of Volcanology, 67 (4). pp. 281-291.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-05-29
    Description: The relationship between rift zones and flank instability in ocean island volcanoes is often inferred but rarely documented. Our field data, aerial image analysis, and 40Ar/39Ar chronology from Anaga basaltic shield volcano on Tenerife, Canary Islands, support a rift zone—flank instability relationship. A single rift zone dominated the early stage of the Anaga edifice (~6–4.5 Ma). Destabilization of the northern sector led to partial seaward collapse at about ~4.5 Ma, resulting in a giant landslide. The remnant highly fractured northern flank is part of the destabilized sector. A curved rift zone developed within and around this unstable sector between 4.5 and 3.5 Ma. Induced by the dilatation of the curved rift, a further rift-arm developed to the south, generating a three-armed rift system. This evolutionary sequence is supported by elastic dislocation models that illustrate how a curved rift zone accelerates flank instability on one side of a rift, and facilitates dike intrusions on the opposite side. Our study demonstrates a feedback relationship between flank instability and intrusive development, a scenario probably common in ocean island volcanoes. We therefore propose that ocean island rift zones represent geologically unsteady structures that migrate and reorganize in response to volcano flank instability.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s00445-004-0352-z
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    Seismic evidence for a crustal magma reservoir beneath the upper east rift zone of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii (2014)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    In: Geology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-02-28
    Description: An anomalous body with low Vp (compressional wave velocity), low Vs (shear wave velocity), and high Vp/Vs anomalies is observed at 8–11 km depth beneath the upper east rift zone of Kilauea volcano in Hawaii by simultaneous inversion of seismic velocity structure and earthquake locations. We interpret this body to be a crustal magma reservoir beneath the volcanic pile, similar to those widely recognized beneath mid-ocean ridge volcanoes. Combined seismic velocity and petrophysical models suggest the presence of 10% melt in a cumulate magma mush. This reservoir could have supplied the magma that intruded into the deep section of the east rift zone and caused its rapid expansion following the 1975 M7.2 Kalapana earthquake.
    Print ISSN: 0091-7613
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2682
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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  • 7
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    InSAR uncertainty due to orbital errors (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-21
    Description: Errors in the satellite orbits are considered to be a limitation for Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) time-series techniques to accurately measure long-wavelength (〉50 km) ground displacements. Here we examine how orbital errors propagate into relative InSAR line-of-sight velocity fields and evaluate the contribution of orbital errors to the InSAR uncertainty. We express the InSAR uncertainty due to the orbital errors in terms of the standard deviations of the velocity gradients in range and azimuth directions (range and azimuth uncertainties). The range uncertainty depends on the magnitude of the orbital errors, the number and time span of acquisitions. Using reported orbital uncertainties we find range uncertainties of less than 1.5 mm yr –1  100 km –1 for ERS, less than 0.5 mm yr –1  100 km –1 for Envisat and ~0.2 mm yr –1  100 km –1 for TerraSAR-X and Sentinel-1. Under a conservative scenario, we find azimuth uncertainties of better than 1.5 mm yr –1  100 km –1 for older satellites (ERS and Envisat) and better than 0.5 mm yr –1  100 km –1 for modern satellites (TerraSAR-X and Sentinel-1). We validate the expected uncertainties using LOS velocity fields obtained from Envisat SAR imagery. We find residual gradients of 0.8 mm yr –1  100 km –1 or less in range and of 0.95 mm yr –1  100 km –1 or less in azimuth direction, which fall within the 1 to 2 uncertainties. The InSAR uncertainties due to the orbital errors are significantly smaller than generally expected. This shows the potential of InSAR systems to constrain long-wavelength geodynamic processes, such as continent-scale deformation across entire plate boundary zones.
    Keywords: Geodynamics and Tectonics
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 8
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    Fc{gamma} receptor antigen targeting potentiates cross-presentation by human blood and lymphoid tissue BDCA-3+ dendritic cells (2012)
    American Society of Hematology (ASH)
    In: Blood
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-12-21
    Description: The reactivation of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) poses a serious health threat to immune compromised individuals. As a treatment strategy, dendritic cell (DC) vaccination trials are ongoing. Recent work suggests that BDCA-3 + (CD141 + ) subset DCs may be particularly effective in DC vaccination trials. BDCA-3 + DCs had however been mostly characterized for their ability to cross-present antigen from necrotic cells. We here describe our study of human BDCA-3 + DCs in elicitation of HCMV-specific CD8 + T-cell clones. We show that Fcgamma-receptor (FcR) antigen targeting facilitates antigen cross-presentation in several DC subsets, including BDCA-3 + DCs. FcR antigen targeting stimulates antigen uptake by BDCA-1 + rather than BDCA-3 + DCs. Conversely, BDCA-3 + DCs and not BDCA-1 + DCs show improved cross-presentation by FcR targeting, as measured by induced release of IFN and TNF by antigen-specific CD8 + T cells. FcR-facilitated cross-presentation requires antigen processing in both an acidic endosomal compartment and by the proteasome, and did not induce substantial DC maturation. FcRII is the most abundantly expressed FcR on both BDCA-1 + and BDCA-3 + DCs. Furthermore we show that BDCA-3 + DCs express relatively more stimulatory FcRIIa than inhibitory FcRIIb in comparison with BDCA-1 + DCs. These studies support the exploration of FcR antigen targeting to BDCA-3 + DCs for human vaccination purposes.
    Keywords: Immunobiology
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology (ASH)
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  • 9
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    Holocene Indian Ocean tsunami history in Sri Lanka (2014)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    In: Geology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-20
    Description: Sediment cores from Karagan Lagoon in southeastern Sri Lanka retrieved deposits from the A.D. 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and older similar deposits that provide evidence for a tsunami 2417 ± 152 cal. (calendar) yr B.P. to 2925 ± 98 cal. yr B.P., and for six tsunamis between 4064 ± 128 cal. yr B.P. and 6665 ± 110 cal. yr B.P., a period for which the sediment record appears continuous. Radiocarbon dating indicates that the recurrence interval is variable, ranging from 181–517 yr to 1045 ± 334 yr, with a mean recurrence interval of 434 ± 40 yr during the ca. 4000–7000 cal. yr B.P. continuous interval. Assuming that these tsunamis were generated by giant earthquakes along the Sumatra-Andaman subduction zone, a reasonable assumption for this far-field transoceanic location, this record extends the giant-earthquake history for the Indian Ocean region. The longest recurrence interval of more than 1000 yr implies that earthquakes along the subduction zone may reach twice the size of the 2004 earthquake.
    Print ISSN: 0091-7613
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2682
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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  • 10
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    Feedback processes between magmatic events and flank movement at Mount Etna (Italy) during the 2002-2003 eruption (2005)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The 2002–2003 Mount Etna eruption and the associated deformation provide a unique possibility to study the relationships between volcanism and volcano instability. The sequence started with movement of the eastern volcano flank and was associated with earthquakes and the formation of surface ruptures. Then the eruption occurred from fissures at the north and south rift zones and was followed by additional flank movement, seismic swarms, and surface ruptures. The overall area of flank movement implicated more than 700 km2. In this paper we investigate how episodes of magmatic events (eruptions and intrusions) and flank movement interact. In three-dimensional numerical models we simulate the volcano-tectonic events and calculate changes in the static stress field. The models suggest that the 2002–2003 events are the result of interrelated processes consisting of (1) the preeruptive intrusion of magma and inflation of the volcano, which induced (2) the movement of the volcano east flank, (3) facilitated the eruption, and (4) led to the slip of a much larger part of the eastern and southeastern flanks. Understanding the precise interconnectivity of these processes may help to forecast the behavior during future volcanic crisis at Mount Etna, which is crucial in minimizing volcanic and seismic hazards on the highly populated eastern sector of the volcano.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-12
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Mount Etna ; flank instability ; volcano deformation ; volcano-tectonic interaction ; elastic stress field modeling ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Format: 490 bytes
    Format: 2262915 bytes
    Format: text/html
    Format: application/pdf
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