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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Schlussbericht für das Vorhaben "Zellfreie Biomineralisation am Beispiel von Calciumcarbonat: ein Weg zur in-vitro Synthese von hochstrukturierten Komposit-Materialien (ZeBiCa2)" (2017)
    [Bremerhaven] : [Alfred-Wegener-Institut - Sektion Marine Biogeowissenschaften]
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht ; Biomineralisation ; Coccolith ; Calciumcarbonat ; Emiliania huxleyi
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 Seiten, 246,02 KB)
    URL: https://doi.org/10.2314/GBV:1023634031
    DOI: 10.2314/GBV:1023634031
    Language: German
    Note: Förderkennzeichen BMBF 031A158D. - Verbund-Nummer 01134425 , Unterschiede zwischen dem gedruckten Dokument und der elektronischen Ressource können nicht ausgeschlossen werden
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    GEOMAR CATALOGUE
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polysaccharide aggregation as a potential sink of marine dissolved organic carbon (2004)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 428 (2004), S. 929-932 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The formation and sinking of biogenic particles mediate vertical mass fluxes and drive elemental cycling in the ocean. Whereas marine sciences have focused primarily on particle production by phytoplankton growth, particle formation by the assembly of organic macromolecules has almost been ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02453
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
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    The physiological response of an Antarctic key phytoplankton species to low iron and manganese concentrations (2023)
    John Wiley & Sons, Inc. | Hoboken, USA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-12
    Description: 〈title xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"〉Abstract〈/title〉〈p xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xml:lang="en"〉Iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) availability and the divergent requirements of phytoplankton species were recently shown to be potential important drivers of Southern Ocean community composition. Knowledge about Antarctic phytoplankton species requirements for Fe and Mn remains, however, scarce. By performing laboratory experiments and additional calculations of the photosynthetic electron transport, we investigated the response of the ecologically important species 〈italic toggle="no"〉Phaeocystis antarctica〈/italic〉 under a combination of different Fe and Mn concentrations. Fe deprivation alone provoked typical physiological characteristics of Fe limitation in 〈italic toggle="no"〉P. antarctica〈/italic〉 (e.g., lowered growth and photosynthetic efficiency). In comparison, under Mn deprivation alone, the growth and carbon production of 〈italic toggle="no"〉P. antarctica〈/italic〉 were not impacted. Its tolerance to cope with low Mn concentrations resulted from an efficient photoacclimation strategy, including a higher number of active photosystems II through which fewer electrons were transported. This strategy allowed us to maintain similar high growth and carbon production rates as FeMn‐enriched cells. Due to its low Mn requirement, 〈italic toggle="no"〉P. antarctica〈/italic〉 performed physiologically as Fe‐deprived cells under the combined depletion of Fe and Mn. Hence, our study reveals that different from other Southern Ocean phytoplankton species, 〈italic toggle="no"〉P. antarctica〈/italic〉 possesses a high capacity to cope with natural low Mn concentrations, which can facilitate its dominance over others, potentially explaining its ecological success across the Southern Ocean.〈/p〉
    Description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Description: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.944462
    Keywords: ddc:577.7 ; Southern Ocean ; Antarctic phytoplankton ; Trace metal ; photophysiology ; carbon fixation
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 4
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    Calcium isotope fractionation during coccolith formation in Emiliania huxleyi: Independence of growth and calcification rate (2007)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 8 (Q05007).
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-01
    Description: [1] Recently, calcium isotope fractionation in the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi was shown to exhibit a significant temperature dependency. An important subsequent question in this context is whether the observed fractionation patterns are caused by temperature itself or related growth rate changes. In order to separate growth and calcification rate effects from direct temperature effects, batch culture experiments with the coccolithophore E. huxleyi were conducted under varying light intensities. Despite large changes in cellular growth and calcification rates, calcium isotope fractionation remained constant. Independence of calcium isotope fractionation on growth and calcification was also obtained in two additional sets of experiments in which growth rates changed in response to varying calcium concentration and seawater salinity. These experiments also showed no direct effects of calcium concentration and salinity on calcium isotope fractionation. Values for calcium isotope fractionation of E. huxleyi coccoliths fell within a range of −1.0 to −1.6 (1000 lnα), confirming earlier results. This range is similar to that observed in several foraminiferal species and coccolith oozes, suggesting a rather homogeneous calcium isotopic composition in marine biogenic calcite. Our data further show that the calcium isotope fractionation does not change with changing isotopic composition of seawater. This is a basic requirement for reconstructing the calcium isotopic composition of the ocean over time.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/2006GC001422
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Methane measurements during POLARSTERN cruise ARK-XXII/2
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Damm, Ellen; Helmke, Elisabeth; Thoms, Silke; Schauer, Ursula; Nöthig, Eva-Maria; Bakker, Karel; Kiene, Ronald P (2010): Methane production in aerobic oligotrophic surface water in the central Arctic Ocean. Biogeosciences, 7, 1099-1108, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-1099-2010
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: A methane surplus relative to the atmospheric equilibrium is a frequently observed feature of ocean surface water. Despite the common fact that biological processes are responsible for its origin, the formation of methane in aerobic surface water is still poorly understood. We report on methane production in the central Arctic Ocean, which was exclusively detected in Pacific derived water but not nearby in Atlantic derived water. The two water masses are distinguished by their different nitrate to phosphate ratios. We show that methane production occurs if nitrate is depleted but phosphate is available as a P source. Apparently the low N:P ratio enhances the ability of bacteria to compete for phosphate while the phytoplankton metabolite dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) is utilized as a C source. This was verified by experimentally induced methane production in DMSP spiked Arctic sea water. Accordingly we propose that methylated compounds may serve as precursors for methane and thermodynamic calculations show that methylotrophic methanogenesis can provide energy in aerobic environments.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; ARK-XXII/2; Bottle number; CTD/Rosette; CTD/Rosette, ultra clean; CTD-RO; CTD-UC; Date/Time of event; DEPTH, water; Dimethylsulfoniopropionate; Elevation of event; Event label; Gas chromatography; GEOTRACES; Global marine biogeochemical cycles of trace elements and their isotopes; Laptev Sea; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Mass spectrometer Finnigan Delta Plus XP; Methane; Polarstern; PS70/260-9; PS70/263-1; PS70/264-1; PS70/266-1; PS70/268-1; PS70/271-2; PS70/272-1; PS70/279-7; PS70/280-1; PS70/284-1; PS70/285-2; PS70/291-1; PS70/295-1; PS70/299-1; PS70/301-5; PS70/301-7; PS70/306-1; PS70/308-1; PS70/310-1; PS70/314-1; PS70/321-1; PS70/326-1; PS70/328-11; PS70/328-9; PS70/331-1; PS70/335-1; PS70/338-3; PS70/338-5; PS70/340-1; PS70/342-7; PS70/342-9; PS70/345-1; PS70/346-1; PS70/349-2; PS70/352-3; PS70/352-5; PS70/358-1; PS70/362-1; PS70/403-1; PS70/405-1; PS70/407-2; PS70/407-4; PS70/408-1; PS70/409-1; PS70/410-1; PS70/411-2; PS70 SPACE DAMOCLES; δ13C, methane
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1139 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry, growth rate and processes during experiments with Coccolithus pelagicus and Calcidiscus leptoporus, 2006 (2006)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Langer, Gerald; Geisen, Markus; Baumann, Karl-Heinz; Kläs, Jessica; Riebesell, Ulf; Thoms, Silke; Young, Jeremy (2006): Species-specific responses of calcifying algae to changing seawater carbonate chemistry. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 7, Q09006, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GC001227
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-25
    Description: Uptake of half of the fossil fuel CO2 into the ocean causes gradual seawater acidification. This has been shown to slow down calcification of major calcifying groups, such as corals, foraminifera, and coccolithophores. Here we show that two of the most productive marine calcifying species, the coccolithophores Coccolithus pelagicus and Calcidiscus leptoporus, do not follow the CO2-related calcification response previously found. In batch culture experiments, particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) of C. leptoporus changes with increasing CO2 concentration in a nonlinear relationship. A PIC optimum curve is obtained, with a maximum value at present-day surface ocean pCO2 levels (?360 ppm CO2). With particulate organic carbon (POC) remaining constant over the range of CO2 concentrations, the PIC/POC ratio also shows an optimum curve. In the C. pelagicus cultures, neither PIC nor POC changes significantly over the CO2 range tested, yielding a stable PIC/POC ratio. Since growth rate in both species did not change with pCO2, POC and PIC production show the same pattern as POC and PIC. The two investigated species respond differently to changes in the seawater carbonate chemistry, highlighting the need to consider species-specific effects when evaluating whole ecosystem responses. Changes of calcification rate (PIC production) were highly correlated to changes in coccolith morphology. Since our experimental results suggest altered coccolith morphology (at least in the case of C. leptoporus) in the geological past, coccoliths originating from sedimentary records of periods with different CO2 levels were analyzed. Analysis of sediment samples was performed on six cores obtained from locations well above the lysocline and covering a range of latitudes throughout the Atlantic Ocean. Scanning electron micrograph analysis of coccolith morphologies did not reveal any evidence for significant numbers of incomplete or malformed coccoliths of C. pelagicus and C. leptoporus in last glacial maximum and Holocene sediments. The discrepancy between experimental and geological results might be explained by adaptation to changing carbonate chemistry.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcidiscus leptoporus; Calcification/Dissolution; Calculated using CO2SYS; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbonate ion; Carbon dioxide; Carbon organic/inorganic ratio; Chromista; Coccoliths; Coccoliths, sphere size; Coccolithus pelagicus; Element analyser CNS, Carlo Erba NA1500; EPOCA; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; EXP; Experiment; Experimental treatment; Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Haptophyta; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Langer_etal_06; Light:Dark cycle; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Single species; South Atlantic; Species; Temperature, water; Titration potentiometric
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 189 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Experimental data of CO2, CO3, Omega calcite saturation, pH values, alpha and epsilon fractionation factors, and Dδ¹⁸O calctite-water (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Ziveri, Patrizia; Thoms, Silke; Probert, Ian; Geisen, Markus; Langer, Gerald (2012): A universal carbonate ion effect on stable oxygen isotope ratios in unicellular planktonic calcifying organisms. Biogeosciences, 9, 1025-1032, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-1025-2012
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-25
    Description: The oxygen isotopic composition (d18O) of calcium carbonate of planktonic calcifying organisms is a key tool for reconstructing both past seawater temperature and salinity. The calibration of paloeceanographic proxies relies in general on empirical relationships derived from field experiments on extant species. Laboratory experiments have more often than not revealed that variables other than the target parameter influence the proxy signal, which makes proxy calibration a challenging task. Understanding these secondary or "vital" effects is crucial for increasing proxy accuracy. We present data from laboratory experiments showing that oxygen isotope fractionation during calcification in the coccolithophore Calcidiscus leptoporus and the calcareous dinoflagellate Thoracosphaera heimii is dependent on carbonate chemistry of seawater in addition to its dependence on temperature. A similar result has previously been reported for planktonic foraminifera, supporting the idea that the [CO3]2- effect on d18O is universal for unicellular calcifying planktonic organisms. The slopes of the d18O/[CO3]2- relationships range between -0.0243 per mil/(µmol/kg) (calcareous dinoflagellate T. heimii) and the previously published -0.0022 per mil/(µmol/kg) (non-symbiotic planktonic foramifera Orbulina universa), while C. leptoporus has a slope of -0.0048 per mil/(µmol/kg). We present a simple conceptual model, based on the contribution of d18O-enriched [HCO3]- to the [CO3]2- pool in the calcifying vesicle, which can explain the [CO3]2- effect on d18O for the different unicellular calcifiers. This approach provides a new insight into biological fractionation in calcifying organisms. The large range in d18O/[CO3]2- slopes should possibly be explored as a means for paleoreconstruction of surface [CO3]2-, particularly through comparison of the response in ecologically similar planktonic organisms.
    Keywords: Calcite saturation state; Carbonate ion; Carbon dioxide, partial pressure; Fractionation factor; Mediterranean Sea Acidification in a Changing Climate; MedSeA; pH; Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas; Species; SPP1158; Δδ18O
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 192 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Photophysiological responses of Southern Ocean phytoplankton to changes in CO2 concentrations: Short-term versus acclimation effects (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Trimborn, Scarlett; Thoms, Silke; Petrou, Katherina; Kranz, Sven A; Rost, Björn (2014): Photophysiological responses of Southern Ocean phytoplankton to changes in CO2 concentrations: Short-term versus acclimation effects. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 451, 44-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2013.11.001
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: The present study examines how different pCO2 acclimations affect the CO2- and light-dependence of photophysiological processes and O2 fluxes in four Southern Ocean (SO) key phytoplankton species. We grew Chaetoceros debilis (Cleve), Pseudo-nitzschia subcurvata (Hasle), Fragilariopsis kerguelensis (O'Meara) and Phaeocystis antarctica (Karsten) under low (160 µatm) and high (1000 ?atm) pCO2. The CO2- and light-dependence of fluorescence parameters of photosystem II (PSII) were determined by means of a fluorescence induction relaxation system (FIRe). In all tested species, nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) is the primary photoprotection strategy in response to short-term exposure to high light or low CO2 concentrations. In C. debilis and P. subcurvata, PSII connectivity (p) and functional absorption cross-sections of PSII in ambient light (sigma PSII') also contributed to photoprotection while changes in re-oxidation times of Qa acceptor (tQa) were more significant in F. kerguelensis. The latter was also the only species being responsive to high acclimation pCO2, as these cells had enhanced relative electron transport rates (rETRs) and sigma PSII' while tQa and p were reduced under short-term exposure to high irradiance. Low CO2-acclimated cells of F. kerguelensis and all pCO2 acclimations of C. debilis and P. subcurvata showed dynamic photoinhibition with increasing irradiance. To test for the role and presence of the Mehler reaction in C. debilis and P. subcurvata, the light-dependence of O2 fluxes was estimated using membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS). Our results show that the Mehler reaction is absent in both species under the tested conditions. We also observed that dark respiration was strongly reduced under high pCO2 in C. debilis while it remained unaltered in P. subcurvata. Our study revealed species-specific differences in the photophysiological responses to pCO2, both on the acclimation as well as the short-term level.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Antarctic; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Chaetoceros debilis; Chromista; Connectivity between photosystem II; Connectivity between photosystem II, standard deviation; Effective absorbance cross-section of photosystem II; Effective quantum yield; Electron transport rate, relative; Figure; Fragilariopsis kerguelensis; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gross oxygen evolution, per chlorophyll a; Gross oxygen evolution, standard deviation; Haptophyta; Irradiance; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Net oxygen evolution, per chlorophyll a; Net oxygen evolution, per chlorophyll a, standard deviation; Non photochemical quenching; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Ochrophyta; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Phaeocystis antarctica; Phytoplankton; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas; Pseudo-nitzschia subcurvata; Re-oxidation time of the Qa acceptor; Re-oxidation time of the Qa acceptor, standard deviation; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen; Respiration rate, oxygen, standard deviation; Salinity; Single species; Species; SPP1158; Table; Temperature, water; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 36257 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Results of a 24-hour laboratory experiment sampling cell concentrations, particulate organic carbon (POC), particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) and further cell parameters of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi grown under a 16:8 h light/dark cycle (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-24
    Description: Cell division of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi and other phytoplankton typically becomes entrained to diel light/dark cycles under laboratory conditions, with division occurring primarily during dark phases and production occurring during light phases. Under these conditions, the increase in a culture's cell and biomass concentrations deviates from an exponential function on time scales 〈 24 h. We here present a dataset of short-term changes in cell and biomass concentrations of fast dividing, dilute-batch cultures of E. huxleyi grown under a 16:8 h light/dark cycle. This dataset was used to derive linear models describing the diel course in the concentrations of cells, particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) and for the calculation of daily means of cellular quotas and production rates in Kottmeier et al. (2020). We also present the given seawater carbonate chemistry as well as cellular quotas of particulate organic nitrogen (PON) and chlorophyll a (Chl. a), and the ratios of PIC:POC, POC:PON, POC:cell volume and Chl. a:POC in the course of the 24 h sampling period.
    Keywords: 1; Alkalinity, potentiometric; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2SYS; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, relative concentration; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, relative concentration; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio; Carbon dioxide, partial pressure; Carbon dioxide, partial pressure, standard deviation; Cell concentration, relative; Chlorophyll a/particulate organic carbon ratio; Chlorophyll a per cell; Colorimetric autoanalysis; Consumption of carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Coulter counter, Beckman Coulter, Multisizer 3; Elemental analyzer, EuroVector, EA 3000; Exponential growth; Fluorometer, Turner Design, TD-700; Growth rate; Growth rate, standard deviation; Hand net; HN; Identification; Irradiance; Light/dark cycles; Light meter; LM; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio; Particulate organic nitrogen per cell; pH; pH, standard deviation; Phase; Phased cell division; PIC production; POC production; Potentiometric; Registration number of species; Salinity; SALINO; Salinometer; SO136; SO136_006-A_HPN; Sonne; Species; Stage; Strain; TASQWA; Temperature, water; Temperature sensor; Time in hours; Treatment: light:dark cycle; Uniform resource locator/link to reference
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1983 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and particulate organic carbon accumulation of two Antarctic diatom species (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Heiden, Jasmin; Thoms, Silke; Bischof, Kai; Trimborn, Scarlett (2018): Ocean acidification stimulates particulate organic carbon accumulation in two Antarctic diatom species under moderate and high natural solar radiation. Journal of Phycology, https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12753
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Impacts of rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations and increased daily irradiances from enhanced surface water stratification on phytoplankton physiology in the coastal Southern Ocean remain still unclear. Therefore, in the two Antarctic diatoms Fragilariopsis curta and Odontella weissflogii the effects of moderate and high natural solar radiation combined with either ambient or future pCO2 on cellular particulate organic carbon (POC) contents and photophysiology were investigated. Results showed that increasing CO2 concentrations had greater impacts on diatom physiology than exposure to increasing solar radiation. Irrespective of the applied solar radiation regime, cellular POC quotas increased with future pCO2 in both diatoms. Lowered maximum quantum yields of photochemistry in PSII (Fv/Fm) indicated a higher photosensitivity under these conditions, being counteracted by increased cellular concentrations of functional photosynthetic reaction centers. Overall, our results suggest that both bloom‐forming Antarctic coastal diatoms might increase carbon contents under future pCO2 conditions despite reduced physiological fitness. This indicates a higher potential for primary productivity by the two diatom species with important implications for the CO2 sequestration potential of diatom communities in the future coastal Southern Ocean.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, standard deviation; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chromista; Coast and continental shelf; Fragilariopsis curta; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Laboratory experiment; Light; Maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II; Maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II, standard deviation; Nitrogen, organic, particulate, per cell; Nitrogen, organic, particulate, standard deviation; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Ochrophyta; Odontella weissflogii; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Phosphate; Phytoplankton; Polar; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Registration number of species; Salinity; Silicate; Single species; Species; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 304 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
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