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  • 1
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    Increased fitness of a key appendicularian zooplankton species under warmer, acidified seawater conditions (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bouquet, Jean-Marie; Troedsson, Christofer; Novac, Aliona; Reeve, Magnus; Lechtenbörger, Anna K; Massart, Wendy; Skaar, Katrine S; Aasjord, Anne; Dupont, Sam; Thompson, Eric M (2018): Increased fitness of a key appendicularian zooplankton species under warmer, acidified seawater conditions. PLoS ONE, 13(1), e0190625, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190625
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-23
    Description: Ocean warming and acidification (OA) may alter the fitness of species in marine pelagic ecosystems through community effects or direct physiological impacts. We used the zooplanktonic appendicularian, Oikopleura dioica, to assess temperature and pH effects at mesocosm and microcosm scales. In mesocosms, both OA and warming positively impacted O. dioica abundance over successive generations. In microcosms, the positive impact of OA, was observed to result from increased fecundity. In contrast, increased pH, observed for example during phytoplankton blooms, reduced fecundity. Oocyte fertility and juvenile development were equivalent under all pH conditions, indicating that the positive effect of lower pH on O. dioica abundance was principally due to increased egg number. This effect was influenced by food quantity and quality, supporting possible improved digestion and assimilation at lowered pH. Higher temperature resulted in more rapid growth, faster maturation and earlier reproduction. Thus, increased temperature and reduced pH had significant positive impacts on O. dioica fitness through increased fecundity and shortened generation time, suggesting that predicted future ocean conditions may favour this zooplankton species.
    Keywords: Animalia; Benthos; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Chordata; Coast and continental shelf; Development; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Mesocosm or benthocosm; Mortality/Survival; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Oikopleura dioica; Reproduction; Single species; Temperate; Temperature; Zooplankton
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and Oikopleura dioica, phytoplankton, and carbon export during the KOSMOS Bergen mesocosm experiment on ocean acidification (Raunefjord, Norway, 2015) (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: We conducted an experiment with large volume in situ mesocosms (~55–60 m3 and 21 m depth) in Raunefjord (Bergen), Norway in 2015 to investigate how ocean acidification (OA) extreme events affect food web structure and carbon export in a natural plankton community, particularly focusing on the keystone species Oikopleura dioica, a globally abundant appendicularian.
    Keywords: Abundance per volume; Alkalinity, total; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Area/locality; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, organic, particulate, flux; Carbon, organic, particulate, suspended; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chordata; Coast and continental shelf; Community composition and diversity; Counting; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; Elemental analyser; Entire community; Event label; Field experiment; Flow cytometry Accuri C6; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; KOSMOS_2015; KOSMOS_2015_Mesocosm-M1; KOSMOS_2015_Mesocosm-M2; KOSMOS_2015_Mesocosm-M3; KOSMOS_2015_Mesocosm-M4; KOSMOS_2015_Mesocosm-M5; KOSMOS_2015_Mesocosm-M6; KOSMOS_2015_Mesocosm-M7; KOSMOS_2015_Mesocosm-M8; KOSMOS Bergen; Length; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; Mesocosm or benthocosm; Microphytoplankton, biomass as carbon; Nanophytoplankton, biomass as carbon; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Oikopleura dioica; Other studied parameter or process; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; Phosphate; Picophytoplankton, biomass as carbon; Salinity; Silicate; Single species; Species, unique identification; Species, unique identification (Semantic URI); Species, unique identification (URI); Temperate; Temperature, water; Treatment: partial pressure of carbon dioxide; Type of study; Zooplankton
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 5405 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and Oikopleura dioica survival, growth, developmental and maturation kinetics in microcosm experiment (2018)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Body length; Body length, standard deviation; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2calc; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chordata; Coast and continental shelf; Day of experiment; Development; Diet; EXP; Experiment; Experiment duration; Fecundity; Fecundity, standard deviation; Fertilization success rate; Fertilization success rate, standard error; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Intrinsic rate of natural increase; Intrinsic rate of natural increase, standard error; Juvenile development; Juvenile development, standard error; Laboratory experiment; Mortality/Survival; North Atlantic; Oikopleura dioica; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Proportion of survival; Proportion of survival, standard deviation; Registration number of species; Reproduction; Rosslandspollen; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Single species; Species; Temperate; Temperature; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Time, standard error; Time in hours; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Zooplankton
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4272 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and Oikopleura dioica growth dynamics in mesocosm experiment (2018)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Body length; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2calc; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chordata; Coast and continental shelf; Day of experiment; Experiment duration; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Identification; Individuals; Laboratory experiment; Length; Mesocosm or benthocosm; North Atlantic; Oikopleura dioica; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; Registration number of species; Replicate; Silt, mass brutto; Single species; Species; Temperate; Temperature; Temperature, water; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Width; Zooplankton
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 50770 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preferential nuclear location of a transgene does not depend on its transcriptional activity during early mouse development (1998)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 107 (1998), S. 321-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Changes in chromatin structure play an important role in regulation of the HSP70.1 gene during mouse preimplantation development. Using in situ PCR we have now examined whether the spatial organization of an HSP70.1 luciferase transgene within the nucleus is also a factor in regulating its expression. The transgene showed a preferential localization towards the nuclear periphery throughout preimplantation development. This preferential location was independent of the level of constitutive activity of the transgene and did not change when transgene expression was induced through core histone hyperacetylation at the eight-cell stage or by heat shock in blastocysts. In contrast, at the two-cell stage, when embryos are unable to continue development after heat shock, thermal stress provoked a significant disruption of the nuclear location of the transgene. These results do not agree with a recent model of embryonic genome activation in mice which hypothesizes that directed, active movement of DNA within the nucleus is a determinant factor in establishing early patterns of gene expression. Instead, they are consistent with models proposing that chromatin segments are restricted to nuclear subregions, but that they remain free to undergo substantial Brownian motion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004120050314
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prediction of Transgene integration by Noninvasive Bioluminescent Screening of Microinjected Bovine Embryos (1998)
    Springer
    Transgenic research 7 (1998), S. 331-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9368
    Keywords: luciferase ; scaffold attachment regions ; heat shock ; blastocyst ; gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Transgenesis in domestic species, as a research tool and in biotechnological applications, has been limited by the expense of producing transgenic offspring by standard microinjection techniques. A major factor is the inefficiency of maintaining large numbers of recipient females, when a high percentage of these carry nontransgenic fetuses. There are two approaches to reduce this cost, the fusion of transfected fetal fibroblasts with enucleated oocytes, and the screening of microinjected embryos for transgene integration in blastocysts, prior to transfer. Here, we develop a luminescent screening system to select transgenic bovine embryos. A transgene with scaffold attachment regions flanking the murine HSP70.1 promoter linked to firefly luciferase cDNA, was microinjected into pronuclei of in vitro produced zygotes. At the blastocyst stage, the transgene was induced by heat shock (45 °C, 15 min) and 4–6 h later, luciferase expression was analyzed by photon counting imaging. Screened blastocysts were transferred to recipients and day 50 fetuses or calves were analyzed by PCR and Southern blot for transgene integration. When nonluminescent blastocysts were transferred, transgene integration was never observed. Of 13 fetuses derived from luminescent blastocysts, 3 contained integrated transgenes that were functional in all tissues examined. Image analysis of the signal emitted by positive blastocysts revealed that 9 nontransgenic fetuses were obtained from blastocysts that exhibited a localized luminescent signal. On the other hand, 3 of 4 fetuses derived from blastocysts that emitted light over more than 70% of their surface were transgenic. Thus, by selecting luminescent blastocysts on the basis of both signal intensity and distribution, the number of recipient females required to produce transgenic offspring can be greatly reduced. Using this technique it should also be possible to improve the efficiency of transgenesis by microinjection through studies in which vector design and integration conditions are examined at the blastocyst stage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008841222138
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
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    Increased appendicularian zooplankton alter carbon cycling under warmer more acidified ocean conditions (2017)
    ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography, 62 (4). pp. 1541-1551.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-30
    Description: Anthropogenic atmospheric loading of CO2 raises concerns about combined effects of increasing ocean temperature and acidification, on biological processes. In particular, the response of appendicularian zooplankton to climate change may have significant ecosystem implications as they can alter biogeochemical cycling compared to classical copepod dominated food webs. However, the response of appendicularians to multiple climate drivers and effect on carbon cycling are still not well understood. Here, we investigated how gelatinous zooplankton (appendicularians) affect carbon cycling of marine food webs under conditions predicted by future climate scenarios. Appendicularians performed well in warmer conditions and benefited from low pH levels, which in turn altered the direction of carbon flow. Increased appendicularians removed particles from the water column that might otherwise nourish copepods by increasing carbon transport to depth from continuous discarding of filtration houses and fecal pellets. This helps to remove CO2 from the atmosphere, and may also have fisheries implications.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1002/lno.10516
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    Increased fitness of a key appendicularian zooplankton species under warmer, acidified seawater conditions (2018)
    Public Library of Science
    In:  PLoS ONE, 13 (1). e0190625.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Ocean warming and acidification (OA) may alter the fitness of species in marine pelagic ecosystems through community effects or direct physiological impacts. We used the zooplanktonic appendicularian, Oikopleura dioica, to assess temperature and pH effects at mesocosm and microcosm scales. In mesocosms, both OA and warming positively impacted O. dioica abundance over successive generations. In microcosms, the positive impact of OA, was observed to result from increased fecundity. In contrast, increased pH, observed for example during phytoplankton blooms, reduced fecundity. Oocyte fertility and juvenile development were equivalent under all pH conditions, indicating that the positive effect of lower pH on O. dioica abundance was principally due to increased egg number. This effect was influenced by food quantity and quality, supporting possible improved digestion and assimilation at lowered pH. Higher temperature resulted in more rapid growth, faster maturation and earlier reproduction. Thus, increased temperature and reduced pH had significant positive impacts on O. dioica fitness through increased fecundity and shortened generation time, suggesting that predicted future ocean conditions may favour this zooplankton species. © 2018 Bouquet et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190625
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 9
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    Multiscale Site-Response Mapping: A Case Study of Parkfield, California (2011)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-06-01
    Description: The scale of previously proposed methods for mapping site-response ranges from global coverage down to individual urban regions. Typically, spatial coverage and accuracy are inversely related. We use the densely spaced strong-motion stations in Parkfield, California, to estimate the accuracy of different site-response mapping methods and demonstrate a method for integrating multiple site-response estimates from the site to the global scale. This method is simply a weighted mean of a suite of different estimates, where the weights are the inverse of the variance of the individual estimates. Thus, the dominant site-response model varies in space as a function of the accuracy of the different models. For mapping applications, site-response models should be judged in terms of both spatial coverage and the degree of correlation with observed amplifications. Performance varies with period, but in general the Parkfield data show that: (1) where a velocity profile is available, the square-root-of-impedance (SRI) method outperforms the measured VS30 (30 m divided by the S-wave travel time to 30 m depth) and (2) where velocity profiles are unavailable, the topographic slope method outperforms surficial geology for short periods, but geology outperforms slope at longer periods. We develop new equations to estimate site response from topographic slope, derived from the Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) database.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 10
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    Regional Correlations of VS30 and Velocities Averaged Over Depths Less Than and Greater Than 30 Meters (2011)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-12-01
    Description: Using velocity profiles from sites in Japan, California, Turkey, and Europe, we find that the time-averaged shear-wave velocity to 30 m (VS30), used as a proxy for site amplification in recent ground-motion prediction equations (GMPEs) and building codes, is strongly correlated with average velocities to depths less than 30 m (VSz, with z being the averaging depth). The correlations for sites in Japan (corresponding to the KiK-net network) show that VS30 is systematically larger for a given VSz than for profiles from the other regions. The difference largely results from the placement of the KiK-net station locations on rock and rocklike sites, whereas stations in the other regions are generally placed in urban areas underlain by sediments. Using the KiK-net velocity profiles, we provide equations relating VS30 to VSz for z ranging from 5 to 29 m in 1-m increments. These equations (and those for California velocity profiles given in Boore, 2004b) can be used to estimate VS30 from VSz for sites in which velocity profiles do not extend to 30 m. The scatter of the residuals decreases with depth, but, even for an averaging depth of 5 m, a variation in logVS30 of ±1 standard deviation maps into less than a 20% uncertainty in ground motions given by recent GMPEs at short periods. The sensitivity of the ground motions to VS30 uncertainty is considerably larger at long periods (but is less than a factor of 1.2 for averaging depths greater than about 20 m). We also find that VS30 is correlated with VSz for z as great as 400 m for sites of the KiK-net network, providing some justification for using VS30 as a site-response variable for predicting ground motions at periods for which the wavelengths far exceed 30 m.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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    PAPER CURRENT
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