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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Screening for Down's syndrome using an iso-risk curve based on maternal age and serum alpha-fetoprotein level (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 94 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: On the basis of the significantly different distributions of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels in 86 pregnancies associated with fetal Down's syndrome and in 2018 unaffected pregnancies, an iso-risk curve for Down's syndrome was constructed. An iso-risk curve shows, for women of all ages, which combinations of maternal age and level of maternal serum AFP result in the same risk of carrying a fetus with Down's syndrome. A 1:400 risk of Down's syndrome, corresponding to the risk of a 35-year-old woman, was chosen as the lowest risk indicating referral for amniocentesis. If all women, irrespective of their age, are offered amniocentesis, when their risk of carrying a Down's syndrome fetus is 1;400 or higher, 53% of the affected fetuses can be detected as compared with 28% of the affected fetuses diagnosed at present in women above 35 years of age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1987.tb03167.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feto-maternal haemorrhage associated with genetic amniocentesis: results of a randomized trial (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 94 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were determined before and after genetic amniocentesis (n=283) or ultrasound scan (n=268) in a group of women participating in a randomized trial of genetic amniocentesis. Increases in AFP levels were seen significantly more often after amniocentesis than after ultrasound scan (P〈0·001) and 48 women in the amniocentesis group had increases in AFP (ΔAFP) that were larger than the maximum ΔAFP (±25 μg/1) seen in the ultrasound group. If a ΔAFP of 〈25 μg/1 represents a feto-maternal haemorrhage (FMH) attributable to amniocentesis, the rate of amniocentesis-induced FMH was 17%. Such FMH was seen significantly more often after transplacental amniocentesis or after amniocentesis performed by less experienced operators. No association was detected between birthweight and FMH attributable to amniocentesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1987.tb03145.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Randomised clinical trials of fish oil supplementation in high risk pregnancies (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 107 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To test the postulated preventive effects of dietary n-3 fatty acids on pre-term delivery, intrauterine growth retardation, and pregnancy induced hypertension.Design In six multicentre trials, women with high risk pregnancies were randomly assigned to receive fish oil (Pikasol) or olive oil in identically-looking capsules from around 20 weeks (prophylactic trials) or 33 weeks (therapeutic trials) until delivery.Setting Nineteen hospitals in Europe.Samples Four prophylactic trials enrolled 232, 280, and 386 women who had experienced previous pre-term delivery, intrauterine growth retardation, or pregnancy induced hypertension respectively, and 579 with twin pregnancies. Two therapeutic trials enrolled 79 women with threatening pre-eclampsia and 63 with suspected intrauterine growth retardation.Interventions The fish oil provided 2.7 g and 6.1 g n-3 fatty acids/day in the prophylactic and therapeutic trials, respectively.Main outcome measures Preterm delivery, intrauterine growth retardation, pregnancy induced hypertension.Results Fish oil reduced recurrence risk of pre-term delivery from 33% to 21% (odds ratio 0.54 (95% CI 0.30 to 0.98)) but did not affect recurrence risks for the other outcomes (OR 1.26; 0.74 to 2.12 and 0.98; 0.63 to 1.53, respectively). In twin pregnancies, the risks for all three outcomes were similar in the two intervention arms (95% CI for the three odds ratios were 0.73 to 1.40, 0.90 to 1.52, and 0.83 to 2.32, respectively). The therapeutic trials detected no significant effects on pre-defined outcomes. In the combined trials, fish oil delayed spontaneous delivery (proportional hazards ratio 1.22; 1.07 to 1.39, P= 0.002).Conclusions Fish oil supplementation reduced the recurrence risk of pre-term delivery, but had no effect on pre-term delivery in twin pregnancies. Fish oil had no effect on intrauterine growth retardation and pregnancy induced hypertension, affecting neither recurrence risk nor risk in twin pregnancies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb13235.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incidence of ovarian cancer after hysterectomy: a nationwide controlled follow up (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 104 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To estimate the risk of developing ovarian cancer after abdominal (total or subtotal) hysterectomy on benign indication.Design Prospective historical cohort study with 12.5 years of follow up. Setting Denmark, nationwide.Population All Danish women (aged 0 to 99 years) having undergone hysterectomy with conservation of at least one ovary for a benign indication from 1977 to 1981 (n= 22,135). Follow up was conducted from 1977 to 1991. The reference group included all Danish women who had not undergone hysterectomy, age-standardised according to the hysterectomy group (n= 2,554,872).Methods Registry data derived from the Danish National Register of Patients (diagnoses and operation codes) and the Civil Registration System (information about general population, including time of death).Main outcome measures Incidence rate of ovarian cancer, lifetime risk of ovarian cancer, relative risk of ovarian cancer.Results Seventy-one women developed ovarian cancer on average 7.0 years after hysterectomy and 10,659 women in the reference group had ovarian cancer diagnosed after on average 6.4 years. The incidence rate of ovarian cancer was 0.27 per 1000 person-years in the group that had undergone hysterectomy and 0.34 per 1000 person-years in the general population (age-standardised). The extrapolated lifetime risk of developing ovarian cancer was 2.1% after hysterectomy and 2.7% in the general population (RR 0.78; 95% CI0.60–0.96).Conclusions The risk of ovarian cancer is lower among women who have undergone hysterectomy compared with those who have not. The protection seems to decrease with time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1997.tb10978.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Randomised controlled trial of total versus subtotal hysterectomy with one-year follow up results (2004)
    Oxford, UK and Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    BJOG 111 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00163.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Randomised controlled trial of total compared with subtotal hysterectomy with one-year follow up results (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    BJOG 110 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To compare total abdominal hysterectomy and subtotal abdominal hysterectomy performed for benign uterine diseases.Design Randomised, controlled, unblinded trial with central, computer-generated randomisation.Setting Danish trial performed in 11 departments of gynaecology.Population Women referred for benign uterine diseases were randomised to total abdominal hysterectomy (n= 158) or subtotal abdominal hysterectomy (n= 161). One-year follow up questionnaires had a response rate of 87%.Methods Patients were followed by strict data collection procedures, including postal questionnaires. The results after one year of follow up were analysed by intention-to-treat analyses.Main outcome measures (1) Primary: urinary incontinence and (2) secondary: post-operative complications, quality of life (SF-36), constipation, prolapse of the vaginal vault/cervical stump, satisfaction with sexual life, pelvic pain and vaginal bleeding.Results A significantly (P= 0.043) smaller proportion of women had urinary incontinence one year after total abdominal hysterectomy compared with subtotal abdominal hysterectomy [9%vs 18% (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.01–4.29)]. The lower proportion of incontinent women in the total abdominal hysterectomy group was a result of a higher proportion of symptom relief (total abdominal hysterectomy: 20/140, subtotal abdominal hysterectomy: 14/136) as well as a lower proportion of women with new symptoms (total abdominal hysterectomy: 3/140, subtotal abdominal hysterectomy: 10/137). Twenty-seven women (20%) from the subtotal abdominal hysterectomy group had vaginal bleeding and two of them had to have their cervix removed. No other clinically important differences were found between the two hysterectomy methods.Conclusions A smaller proportion of women suffered from urinary incontinence after total abdominal hysterectomy than after subtotal abdominal hysterectomy one year post-operatively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2003.02395.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interstitial deletion in the “critical region” of the long arm of the X chromosome in a mentally retarded boy and his normal mother (1983)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 64 (1983), S. 196-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A family in which an interstitial deletion of the X chromosome, del(X)(q13q21.3), is segregating was ascertained through a boy with cleft lip and palate, agenesis of the corpus callosum, and severe mental retardation. The possible causal relationship to his chromosome abnormality is discussed. Although the deletion occurred within the critical region, the mother showed no signs of gonadal dysgenesis. A phenotypically normal daughter was, as her mother, monosomic for this region of the X, and both showed random inactivation of the X chromosome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00327127
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